Hepatitis C virus infection in a community in the Nile Delta: Risk factors for seropositivity
The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in a rural village in the Nile Delta with a high prevalence of antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV). One half of the village households were systematically selected, tested for anti-HCV, and interviewed: 973 of 3,99...
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Published in | Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) Vol. 33; no. 1; pp. 248 - 253 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Philadelphia, PA
Elsevier Inc
2001
W.B. Saunders Wiley |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Abstract | The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in a rural village in the Nile Delta with a high prevalence of antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV). One half of the village households were systematically selected, tested for anti-HCV, and interviewed: 973 of 3,999 (24.3%) subjects were anti-HCV-positive (reflecting prior HCV infection but not necessarily current liver disease), with nearly equal prevalence among males and females. Anti-HCV prevalence increased sharply with age among both males and females, from 9.3% in those 20 years of age and younger to >50% in those older than 35, suggesting a cohort effect with reduced transmission in recent years. Multivariate regression was used to estimate independent effects of risk factors on seropositivity. Among those over 20 years of age, the following risk factors were significantly associated with seropositivity: age (
P < .001); male gender (odds ratio [OR] = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.3-4.7); marriage (OR = 4.1, 2.4-6.9); anti-schistosomiasis injection treatment (OR = 2.0, 1.3-2.9); blood transfusion (OR = 1.8, 1.1-2.9), invasive medical procedure (surgery, catheterization, endoscopy, and/or dialysis) (OR = 1.5, 1.1-1.9); receipt of injections from “informal” health care provider (OR = 1.3, 1.0-1.6); and cesarean section or abortion (OR = 1.4, 1.0-1.9). Exposures not significantly related to anti-HCV positivity in adults included: history of, or active infection with,
Schistosoma mansoni, sutures or abscess drainage, goza smoking in a group, and shaving by community barbers. Among those 20 years old or younger, no risk factors were clearly associated with anti-HCV positivity; however, circumcision for boys by informal health care providers was marginally associated with anti-HCV (OR = 1.7, 1.0-3.0). Prevention programs focused primarily on culturally influenced risks in rural Egyptian communities are being implemented and evaluated. (H
EPATOLOGY 2001;33:248-253) |
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AbstractList | The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in a rural village in the Nile Delta with a high prevalence of antibodies to HCV (anti–HCV). One half of the village households were systematically selected, tested for anti–HCV, and interviewed: 973 of 3,999 (24.3%) subjects were anti–HCV–positive (reflecting prior HCV infection but not necessarily current liver disease), with nearly equal prevalence among males and females. Anti–HCV prevalence increased sharply with age among both males and females, from 9.3% in those 20 years of age and younger to >50% in those older than 35, suggesting a cohort effect with reduced transmission in recent years. Multivariate regression was used to estimate independent effects of risk factors on seropositivity. Among those over 20 years of age, the following risk factors were significantly associated with seropositivity: age ( P < .001); male gender (odds ratio [OR] = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.3–4.7); marriage (OR = 4.1, 2.4–6.9); anti–schistosomiasis injection treatment (OR = 2.0, 1.3–2.9); blood transfusion (OR = 1.8, 1.1–2.9), invasive medical procedure (surgery, catheterization, endoscopy, and/or dialysis) (OR = 1.5, 1.1–1.9); receipt of injections from “informal” health care provider (OR = 1.3, 1.0–1.6); and cesarean section or abortion (OR = 1.4, 1.0–1.9). Exposures not significantly related to anti–HCV positivity in adults included: history of, or active infection with, Schistosoma mansoni , sutures or abscess drainage, goza smoking in a group, and shaving by community barbers. Among those 20 years old or younger, no risk factors were clearly associated with anti–HCV positivity; however, circumcision for boys by informal health care providers was marginally associated with anti–HCV (OR = 1.7, 1.0–3.0). Prevention programs focused primarily on culturally influenced risks in rural Egyptian communities are being implemented and evaluated. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in a rural village in the Nile Delta with a high prevalence of antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV). One half of the village households were systematically selected, tested for anti-HCV, and interviewed: 973 of 3,999 (24.3%) subjects were anti-HCV-positive (reflecting prior HCV infection but not necessarily current liver disease), with nearly equal prevalence among males and females. Anti-HCV prevalence increased sharply with age among both males and females, from 9.3% in those 20 years of age and younger to >50% in those older than 35, suggesting a cohort effect with reduced transmission in recent years. Multivariate regression was used to estimate independent effects of risk factors on seropositivity. Among those over 20 years of age, the following risk factors were significantly associated with seropositivity: age ( P < .001); male gender (odds ratio [OR] = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.3-4.7); marriage (OR = 4.1, 2.4-6.9); anti-schistosomiasis injection treatment (OR = 2.0, 1.3-2.9); blood transfusion (OR = 1.8, 1.1-2.9), invasive medical procedure (surgery, catheterization, endoscopy, and/or dialysis) (OR = 1.5, 1.1-1.9); receipt of injections from “informal” health care provider (OR = 1.3, 1.0-1.6); and cesarean section or abortion (OR = 1.4, 1.0-1.9). Exposures not significantly related to anti-HCV positivity in adults included: history of, or active infection with, Schistosoma mansoni, sutures or abscess drainage, goza smoking in a group, and shaving by community barbers. Among those 20 years old or younger, no risk factors were clearly associated with anti-HCV positivity; however, circumcision for boys by informal health care providers was marginally associated with anti-HCV (OR = 1.7, 1.0-3.0). Prevention programs focused primarily on culturally influenced risks in rural Egyptian communities are being implemented and evaluated. (H EPATOLOGY 2001;33:248-253) The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in a rural village in the Nile Delta with a high prevalence of antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV). One half of the village households were systematically selected, tested for anti-HCV, and interviewed: 973 of 3,999 (24.3%) subjects were anti-HCV-positive (reflecting prior HCV infection but not necessarily current liver disease), with nearly equal prevalence among males and females. Anti-HCV prevalence increased sharply with age among both males and females, from 9.3% in those 20 years of age and younger to >50% in those older than 35, suggesting a cohort effect with reduced transmission in recent years. Multivariate regression was used to estimate independent effects of risk factors on seropositivity. Among those over 20 years of age, the following risk factors were significantly associated with seropositivity: age (P <.001); male gender (odds ratio [OR] = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.3-4.7); marriage (OR = 4.1, 2.4-6.9); anti-schistosomiasis injection treatment (OR = 2.0, 1.3-2.9); blood transfusion (OR = 1.8, 1.1-2.9), invasive medical procedure (surgery, catheterization, endoscopy, and/or dialysis) (OR = 1.5, 1.1-1.9); receipt of injections from "informal" health care provider (OR = 1.3, 1.0-1.6); and cesarean section or abortion (OR = 1.4, 1.0-1.9). Exposures not significantly related to anti-HCV positivity in adults included: history of, or active infection with, Schistosoma mansoni, sutures or abscess drainage, goza smoking in a group, and shaving by community barbers. Among those 20 years old or younger, no risk factors were clearly associated with anti-HCV positivity; however, circumcision for boys by informal health care providers was marginally associated with anti-HCV (OR = 1.7, 1.0-3.0). Prevention programs focused primarily on culturally influenced risks in rural Egyptian communities are being implemented and evaluated. |
Author | Mohamed, Mostafa K. Magder, Laurence S. Anwar, Wagida Madkour, Salah Mikhail, Nabiel N. Strickland, G.Thomas Fix, Alan D. Sallam, Ismail Abdel-Aziz, Fatma Gamil, Foda Habib, Mostafa Abdel-Hamid, Mohamed |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Mostafa surname: Habib fullname: Habib, Mostafa – sequence: 2 givenname: Mostafa K. surname: Mohamed fullname: Mohamed, Mostafa K. – sequence: 3 givenname: Fatma surname: Abdel-Aziz fullname: Abdel-Aziz, Fatma – sequence: 4 givenname: Laurence S. surname: Magder fullname: Magder, Laurence S. – sequence: 5 givenname: Mohamed surname: Abdel-Hamid fullname: Abdel-Hamid, Mohamed – sequence: 6 givenname: Foda surname: Gamil fullname: Gamil, Foda – sequence: 7 givenname: Salah surname: Madkour fullname: Madkour, Salah – sequence: 8 givenname: Nabiel N. surname: Mikhail fullname: Mikhail, Nabiel N. – sequence: 9 givenname: Wagida surname: Anwar fullname: Anwar, Wagida – sequence: 10 givenname: G.Thomas surname: Strickland fullname: Strickland, G.Thomas – sequence: 11 givenname: Alan D. surname: Fix fullname: Fix, Alan D. – sequence: 12 givenname: Ismail surname: Sallam fullname: Sallam, Ismail |
BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=902900$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11124843$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Copyright | 2001 The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases Copyright © 2001 American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases 2001 INIST-CNRS |
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Keywords | Infection Human Seropositivity Transfusion Viral disease Surgery Risk factor Digestive diseases Hepatic disease Epidemiology Age Viral hepatitis C |
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References | 1993; 68 1993; 49 2000; 355 1992; 340 1992; 166 1997; 26 1993; 88 1996; 71 1994; 88 1996; 58 1993; 168 1997; 91 1994; 9 1986; 42 2000 1997; 52 2000; 32 1995; 46 1994; 120 1999; 59 1999; 15 1999; 77 1999; 31 1999; 94 1998; 74 1992; 67 1994; 51 |
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A prospective study publication-title: Vox Sang – volume: 59 start-page: 290 year: 1999 end-page: 296 article-title: Transmission of hepatitis C virus in Taiwan: prevalence and risk factors based on a nationwide survey publication-title: J Med Virol – volume: 91 start-page: 271 year: 1997 end-page: 274 article-title: Hepatitis C antibody prevalence in blood donors in different governorates in Egypt publication-title: Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg – volume: 120 start-page: 748 year: 1994 end-page: 752 article-title: Hepatitis C virus infection in spouses of patients with type C chronic liver disease publication-title: Ann Intern Med – volume: 26 start-page: 1006 year: 1997 end-page: 1011 article-title: Prevalence, risk factors, and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in the general population: a community‐based survey in southern Italy publication-title: Hepatology – volume: 49 start-page: 440 year: 1993 end-page: 447 article-title: Risk factors associated with a high seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in Egyptian blood donors publication-title: Am J Trop Med Hyg – volume: 31 start-page: 88 issue: Suppl 1 year: 1999 end-page: 91 article-title: Hepatitis C virus infection in the United States publication-title: J Hepatol |
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SubjectTerms | Adolescent Adult Biological and medical sciences Child Child, Preschool Community Medicine Egypt Female Hepatitis C - diagnosis Hepatitis C - epidemiology Hepatitis C - etiology Hepatitis C - immunology Hepatitis C Antibodies - analysis Human viral diseases Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Infectious diseases Male Medical sciences Multivariate Analysis Prevalence Risk Factors Serologic Tests Tropical medicine Viral diseases Viral hepatitis |
Title | Hepatitis C virus infection in a community in the Nile Delta: Risk factors for seropositivity |
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