Drivers of farmer-managed natural regeneration in the Sahel. Lessons for restoration

Farmer-managed natural regeneration (FMNR) is being promoted for restoration beyond its original range in the Sahel. FMNR involves farmers selecting and managing natural regeneration on their fields, while keeping them under the primary function of agricultural production. However, little is known a...

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Published in	Scientific reports Vol. 10; no. 1; p. 15038
Main Authors	Lohbeck, Madelon, Albers, Peggy, Boels, Laetitia E., Bongers, Frans, Morel, Samuel, Sinclair, Fergus, Takoutsing, Bertin, Vågen, Tor-Gunnar, Winowiecki, Leigh A., Smith-Dumont, Emilie
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	London Nature Publishing Group UK 14.09.2020 Nature Publishing Group
Subjects	631/158/2445 631/158/2456 631/158/2458 631/158/854 704/158/2445 704/158/2456 704/158/2458 704/158/854 Agricultural practices Agricultural production Agroforestry Dispersal Farmers Grazing Human impact Humanities and Social Sciences Land degradation Land use multidisciplinary Science Science (multidisciplinary) Structure-function relationships Tree planting
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Abstract	Farmer-managed natural regeneration (FMNR) is being promoted for restoration beyond its original range in the Sahel. FMNR involves farmers selecting and managing natural regeneration on their fields, while keeping them under the primary function of agricultural production. However, little is known about what regenerates in different contexts, even though this underlies potential restoration impact. Here we assess how human impact, land degradation and dispersal limitation affect structural and functional properties of regeneration across 316 plots in agroforestry parklands of Ghana and Burkina Faso. We found that intensity of land use (grazing and agricultural practices) and dispersal limitation inhibited regeneration, while land degradation did not. Functional composition of regenerating communities shifted towards shorter statured, small-seeded and conservative strategies with intensity of land use. We conclude that the presence of trees of desired species in the vicinity is a precondition for successfully implementing FMNR for restoration, and that regeneration needs to be protected from grazing. Assessment of regeneration potential is imperative for scaling out FMNR and where natural regeneration will be insufficient to achieve restoration targets, FMNR needs to be complemented with tree planting.
AbstractList	Farmer-managed natural regeneration (FMNR) is being promoted for restoration beyond its original range in the Sahel. FMNR involves farmers selecting and managing natural regeneration on their fields, while keeping them under the primary function of agricultural production. However, little is known about what regenerates in different contexts, even though this underlies potential restoration impact. Here we assess how human impact, land degradation and dispersal limitation affect structural and functional properties of regeneration across 316 plots in agroforestry parklands of Ghana and Burkina Faso. We found that intensity of land use (grazing and agricultural practices) and dispersal limitation inhibited regeneration, while land degradation did not. Functional composition of regenerating communities shifted towards shorter statured, small-seeded and conservative strategies with intensity of land use. We conclude that the presence of trees of desired species in the vicinity is a precondition for successfully implementing FMNR for restoration, and that regeneration needs to be protected from grazing. Assessment of regeneration potential is imperative for scaling out FMNR and where natural regeneration will be insufficient to achieve restoration targets, FMNR needs to be complemented with tree planting. Farmer-managed natural regeneration (FMNR) is being promoted for restoration beyond its original range in the Sahel. FMNR involves farmers selecting and managing natural regeneration on their fields, while keeping them under the primary function of agricultural production. However, little is known about what regenerates in different contexts, even though this underlies potential restoration impact. Here we assess how human impact, land degradation and dispersal limitation affect structural and functional properties of regeneration across 316 plots in agroforestry parklands of Ghana and Burkina Faso. We found that intensity of land use (grazing and agricultural practices) and dispersal limitation inhibited regeneration, while land degradation did not. Functional composition of regenerating communities shifted towards shorter statured, small-seeded and conservative strategies with intensity of land use. We conclude that the presence of trees of desired species in the vicinity is a precondition for successfully implementing FMNR for restoration, and that regeneration needs to be protected from grazing. Assessment of regeneration potential is imperative for scaling out FMNR and where natural regeneration will be insufficient to achieve restoration targets, FMNR needs to be complemented with tree planting.Farmer-managed natural regeneration (FMNR) is being promoted for restoration beyond its original range in the Sahel. FMNR involves farmers selecting and managing natural regeneration on their fields, while keeping them under the primary function of agricultural production. However, little is known about what regenerates in different contexts, even though this underlies potential restoration impact. Here we assess how human impact, land degradation and dispersal limitation affect structural and functional properties of regeneration across 316 plots in agroforestry parklands of Ghana and Burkina Faso. We found that intensity of land use (grazing and agricultural practices) and dispersal limitation inhibited regeneration, while land degradation did not. Functional composition of regenerating communities shifted towards shorter statured, small-seeded and conservative strategies with intensity of land use. We conclude that the presence of trees of desired species in the vicinity is a precondition for successfully implementing FMNR for restoration, and that regeneration needs to be protected from grazing. Assessment of regeneration potential is imperative for scaling out FMNR and where natural regeneration will be insufficient to achieve restoration targets, FMNR needs to be complemented with tree planting.
ArticleNumber	15038
Author	Albers, Peggy Winowiecki, Leigh A. Smith-Dumont, Emilie Sinclair, Fergus Vågen, Tor-Gunnar Bongers, Frans Boels, Laetitia E. Lohbeck, Madelon Takoutsing, Bertin Morel, Samuel
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Madelon surname: Lohbeck fullname: Lohbeck, Madelon email: madelon.lohbeck@wur.nl organization: World Agroforestry (ICRAF), Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University – sequence: 2 givenname: Peggy surname: Albers fullname: Albers, Peggy organization: Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University – sequence: 3 givenname: Laetitia E. surname: Boels fullname: Boels, Laetitia E. organization: Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University – sequence: 4 givenname: Frans surname: Bongers fullname: Bongers, Frans organization: Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University – sequence: 5 givenname: Samuel surname: Morel fullname: Morel, Samuel organization: Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University – sequence: 6 givenname: Fergus surname: Sinclair fullname: Sinclair, Fergus organization: World Agroforestry (ICRAF), School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University – sequence: 7 givenname: Bertin surname: Takoutsing fullname: Takoutsing, Bertin organization: World Agroforestry, Soil Geography and Landscape Group, Wageningen University – sequence: 8 givenname: Tor-Gunnar surname: Vågen fullname: Vågen, Tor-Gunnar organization: World Agroforestry (ICRAF) – sequence: 9 givenname: Leigh A. surname: Winowiecki fullname: Winowiecki, Leigh A. organization: World Agroforestry (ICRAF) – sequence: 10 givenname: Emilie surname: Smith-Dumont fullname: Smith-Dumont, Emilie organization: World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
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Snippet	Farmer-managed natural regeneration (FMNR) is being promoted for restoration beyond its original range in the Sahel. FMNR involves farmers selecting and...
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Title	Drivers of farmer-managed natural regeneration in the Sahel. Lessons for restoration
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