Lipid metabolism in children and adolescents: Impact on vascular biology
Age remains one of the strongest risk factors for atherosclerotic disease, but the protection conferred by youth can be eroded by cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia. Elevated atherogenic lipoproteins and inadequate reverse cholesterol transport contribute to an inflammatory response in...
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| Published in | Journal of clinical lipidology Vol. 2; no. 3; pp. 127 - 137 |
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| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Elsevier Inc
01.06.2008
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1933-2874 1876-4789 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.jacl.2008.04.002 |
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| Abstract | Age remains one of the strongest risk factors for atherosclerotic disease, but the protection conferred by youth can be eroded by cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia. Elevated atherogenic lipoproteins and inadequate reverse cholesterol transport contribute to an inflammatory response in the vascular wall that promotes atheroma formation. The focus of this review is on the hepatic lipid triage that determines the balance of atherogenic and atheroprotective lipoproteins. Under the continuous influence of energy intake, level of insulin sensitivity, and circulating free fatty acids, the dynamic hepatic processing of lipoproteins is subject to global metabolic transcriptional regulation by the family of lipid-sensing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. The endogenous activation of gene networks under the control of these receptors may play an underappreciated role in maintaining vascular health in children by mediating energy metabolism, lipid storage, and transport, as well as innate immunity. Multiple independent lines of evidence suggest that the progressive dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, vascular dysfunction, and cardiovascular risk associated with age can be either delayed or accelerated as a function of lifestyle choices that either activate or repress these central transcriptional regulators. The implications for pediatric lipid metabolism and vascular biology are considerable. |
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| AbstractList | Age remains one of the strongest risk factors for atherosclerotic disease, but the protection conferred by youth can be eroded by cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia. Elevated atherogenic lipoproteins and inadequate reverse cholesterol transport contribute to an inflammatory response in the vascular wall that promotes atheroma formation. The focus of this review is on the hepatic lipid triage that determines the balance of atherogenic and atheroprotective lipoproteins. Under the continuous influence of energy intake, level of insulin sensitivity, and circulating free fatty acids, the dynamic hepatic processing of lipoproteins is subject to global metabolic transcriptional regulation by the family of lipid-sensing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. The endogenous activation of gene networks under the control of these receptors may play an underappreciated role in maintaining vascular health in children by mediating energy metabolism, lipid storage, and transport, as well as innate immunity. Multiple independent lines of evidence suggest that the progressive dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, vascular dysfunction, and cardiovascular risk associated with age can be either delayed or accelerated as a function of lifestyle choices that either activate or repress these central transcriptional regulators. The implications for pediatric lipid metabolism and vascular biology are considerable. Age remains one of the strongest risk factors for atherosclerotic disease, but the protection conferred by youth can be eroded by cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia. Elevated atherogenic lipoproteins and inadequate reverse cholesterol transport contribute to an inflammatory response in the vascular wall that promotes atheroma formation. The focus of this review is on the hepatic lipid triage that determines the balance of atherogenic and atheroprotective lipoproteins. Under the continuous influence of energy intake, level of insulin sensitivity, and circulating free fatty acids, the dynamic hepatic processing of lipoproteins is subject to global metabolic transcriptional regulation by the family of lipid-sensing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. The endogenous activation of gene networks under the control of these receptors may play an underappreciated role in maintaining vascular health in children by mediating energy metabolism, lipid storage, and transport, as well as innate immunity. Multiple independent lines of evidence suggest that the progressive dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, vascular dysfunction, and cardiovascular risk associated with age can be either delayed or accelerated as a function of lifestyle choices that either activate or repress these central transcriptional regulators. The implications for pediatric lipid metabolism and vascular biology are considerable.Age remains one of the strongest risk factors for atherosclerotic disease, but the protection conferred by youth can be eroded by cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia. Elevated atherogenic lipoproteins and inadequate reverse cholesterol transport contribute to an inflammatory response in the vascular wall that promotes atheroma formation. The focus of this review is on the hepatic lipid triage that determines the balance of atherogenic and atheroprotective lipoproteins. Under the continuous influence of energy intake, level of insulin sensitivity, and circulating free fatty acids, the dynamic hepatic processing of lipoproteins is subject to global metabolic transcriptional regulation by the family of lipid-sensing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. The endogenous activation of gene networks under the control of these receptors may play an underappreciated role in maintaining vascular health in children by mediating energy metabolism, lipid storage, and transport, as well as innate immunity. Multiple independent lines of evidence suggest that the progressive dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, vascular dysfunction, and cardiovascular risk associated with age can be either delayed or accelerated as a function of lifestyle choices that either activate or repress these central transcriptional regulators. The implications for pediatric lipid metabolism and vascular biology are considerable. Abstract Age remains one of the strongest risk factors for atherosclerotic disease, but the protection conferred by youth can be eroded by cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia. Elevated atherogenic lipoproteins and inadequate reverse cholesterol transport contribute to an inflammatory response in the vascular wall that promotes atheroma formation. The focus of this review is on the hepatic lipid triage that determines the balance of atherogenic and atheroprotective lipoproteins. Under the continuous influence of energy intake, level of insulin sensitivity, and circulating free fatty acids, the dynamic hepatic processing of lipoproteins is subject to global metabolic transcriptional regulation by the family of lipid-sensing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. The endogenous activation of gene networks under the control of these receptors may play an underappreciated role in maintaining vascular health in children by mediating energy metabolism, lipid storage, and transport, as well as innate immunity. Multiple independent lines of evidence suggest that the progressive dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, vascular dysfunction, and cardiovascular risk associated with age can be either delayed or accelerated as a function of lifestyle choices that either activate or repress these central transcriptional regulators. The implications for pediatric lipid metabolism and vascular biology are considerable. |
| Author | Krauss, Ronald M. Mietus-Snyder, Michele |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Michele surname: Mietus-Snyder fullname: Mietus-Snyder, Michele email: mietussnyderm@peds.ucsf.edu organization: Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, Center for Health and Community, 3333 California Street, Suite 465, San Francisco, CA 94127, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Ronald M. surname: Krauss fullname: Krauss, Ronald M. organization: Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA, USA |
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| Keywords | Endothelial function Lipoprotein metabolism Peroxisome proliferating-activated receptors Vascular senescence Dyslipidemia |
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| Snippet | Age remains one of the strongest risk factors for atherosclerotic disease, but the protection conferred by youth can be eroded by cardiovascular risk factors... Abstract Age remains one of the strongest risk factors for atherosclerotic disease, but the protection conferred by youth can be eroded by cardiovascular risk... |
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| SubjectTerms | Cardiovascular Dyslipidemia Endothelial function Lipoprotein metabolism Peroxisome proliferating-activated receptors Vascular senescence |
| Title | Lipid metabolism in children and adolescents: Impact on vascular biology |
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