Interleukin17A Promotes Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction by Triggering β-Amyloid Accumulation via the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGFβ)/Smad Signaling Pathway

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 10; no. 10; p. e0141596
• Main Authors: Tian, Ayong, Ma, Hong, Zhang, Rongwei, Tan, Wenfei, Wang, Xiaolong, Wu, Binyang, Wang, Jun, Wan, Chengfu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 28.10.2015; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Accumulation; Activation; Alzheimer's disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides - metabolism; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor - metabolism; Anesthesiology; Animal cognition; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal - administration & dosage; Antibodies, Monoclonal - pharmacology; Apoptosis; Astrocytes; Astrocytes - metabolism; Biomarkers; Brain research; Cognition Disorders - drug therapy; Cognition Disorders - etiology; Cognition Disorders - metabolism; Cognitive ability; Cytokines; Cytokines - metabolism; Disease Models, Animal; Gene expression; Geriatrics; Growth factors; Hepatectomy; Hepatectomy - adverse effects; Hippocampus; Hippocampus - metabolism; Hippocampus - pathology; Hospitals; Immunoglobulins; Inflammation; Interleukin 1; Interleukin-17 - antagonists & inhibitors; Interleukin-17 - metabolism; Laboratory animals; Male; Maze Learning; Memory, Short-Term; Mice; Monoclonal antibodies; Nervous system; Older people; Pathogenesis; Peptides; Phosphorylation; Postoperative Complications; Ribonucleic acid; RNA; Rodents; Signal Transduction; Signaling; siRNA; Smad protein; Smad Proteins - metabolism; Smad3 protein; Spatial Memory; Surgery; Transforming growth factor; Transforming Growth Factor beta - metabolism; Transforming growth factor-b; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; β-Amyloid; United States > US; China
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141596
• ISSN: 1932-6203

Although postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is relatively common in elderly patients who have undergone major surgery, the mechanisms underlying this postoperative complication are unclear. Previously, we have investigated the role of cytokine-mediated hippocampal inflammation in the development of POCD in a rat model. Here, we sought to determine in mice the role of cytokine interleukin17A (IL17A) in POCD and to characterize the associated signaling pathways. Old mice underwent hepatectomy surgery in the presence or absence of IL17A monoclonal antibody, and cognitive function, hippocampal neuroinflammation, and pathologic markers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) were assessed. We found that the level of IL17A in the hippocampus was increased in hepatectomy mice and that cognitive impairment after surgery was associated with the appearance of certain pathological hallmarks of AD: activation of astrocytes, β-amyloid1-42 (Aβ1-42) production, upregulation of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ), and increased phosphorylation of signaling mother against decapentaplegic peptide 3 (Smad3) protein in the hippocampus. Surgery-induced changes in cognitive dysfunction and changes in Aβ1-42 and TGFβ/Smad signaling were prevented by the administration of IL17A monoclonal antibody. In addition, IL17A-stimulated TGFβ/Smad activation and Aβ1-42 expression were reversed by IL17A receptor small interfering RNA and a TGFβ receptor inhibitor in cultured astrocytes. Our findings suggest that surgery can provoke IL17A-related hippocampal damage, as characterized by activation of astrocytes and TGFβ/Smad pathway dependent Aβ1-42 accumulation in old subjects. These changes likely contribute to the cognitive decline seen in POCD.