Effect of clonidine and dexmedetomidine premedication on perioperative oxygen consumption and haemodynamic state
Premedication has been shown to affect both oxygen consumption and metabolic rate. We have compared the perioperative metabolic and haemodynamic effects of two alpha 2-agonists, clonidine and the more selective dexmedetomidine, in 30 ASA I patients undergoing plastic surgical procedures under genera...
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Published in | British Journal of Anaesthesia Vol. 78; no. 4; pp. 400 - 406 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article Conference Proceeding |
Language | English |
Published |
Oxford
Elsevier Ltd
01.04.1997
Oxford University Press Oxford Publishing Limited (England) |
Subjects | |
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Abstract | Premedication has been shown to affect both oxygen consumption and metabolic rate. We have compared the perioperative metabolic and haemodynamic effects of two alpha 2-agonists, clonidine and the more selective dexmedetomidine, in 30 ASA I patients undergoing plastic surgical procedures under general anaesthesia. Patients were premedicated with clonidine 4 micrograms kg-1 (n = 10), dexmedetomidine 2.5 micrograms kg-1 (n = 10) or saline (n = 10) i.m. The doses of clonidine and dexmedetomidine were intended to be equipotent. The maximum decrease in preoperative oxygen consumption was 8% and decreases in systolic and diastolic arterial pressures were 11% from baseline after clonidine and dexmedetomidine. During operation, the maximum reduction in heart rate was 18% in the clonidine and dexmedetomidine groups compared with the placebo group. After operation, the maximum decrease in systolic arterial pressure was 11%, diastolic arterial pressure 15% and oxygen consumption 17% in the clonidine and dexmedetomidine groups compared with placebo. In summary, both clonidine 4 micrograms kg-1 and dexmedetomidine 2.5 micrograms kg-1 decreased perioperative oxygen consumption effectively, with a similar haemodynamic profile. |
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AbstractList | Premedication has been shown to affect both oxygen consumption and metabolic rate. We have compared the perioperative metabolic and haemodynamic effects of two alpha 2-agonists, clonidine and the more selective dexmedetomidine, in 30 ASA I patients undergoing plastic surgical procedures under general anaesthesia. Patients were premedicated with clonidine 4 micrograms kg-1 (n = 10), dexmedetomidine 2.5 micrograms kg-1 (n = 10) or saline (n = 10) i.m. The doses of clonidine and dexmedetomidine were intended to be equipotent. The maximum decrease in preoperative oxygen consumption was 8% and decreases in systolic and diastolic arterial pressures were 11% from baseline after clonidine and dexmedetomidine. During operation, the maximum reduction in heart rate was 18% in the clonidine and dexmedetomidine groups compared with the placebo group. After operation, the maximum decrease in systolic arterial pressure was 11%, diastolic arterial pressure 15% and oxygen consumption 17% in the clonidine and dexmedetomidine groups compared with placebo. In summary, both clonidine 4 micrograms kg-1 and dexmedetomidine 2.5 micrograms kg-1 decreased perioperative oxygen consumption effectively, with a similar haemodynamic profile. |
Author | Kanto, J H Taittonen, M T Kirvelä, O A Aantaa, R |
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Keywords | Human α2-Adrenergic receptor Agonist Dexmedetomidine General anesthesia Oxygen consumption Clonidine Hemodynamics Catecholamine Sympathetic nervous system Premedication |
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SubjectTerms | Adrenergic alpha-Agonists - pharmacology Adult Anesthesia, General Biological and medical sciences Cardiovascular system Clonidine - pharmacology Double-Blind Method Female Hemodynamics - drug effects Humans Imidazoles - pharmacology Male Medetomidine Medical sciences Middle Aged Miscellaneous Oxygen Consumption - drug effects Pharmacology. Drug treatments Premedication Surgery, Plastic Sympatholytics - pharmacology |
Title | Effect of clonidine and dexmedetomidine premedication on perioperative oxygen consumption and haemodynamic state |
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