Phase Diagram, Stability, and Overcharging of Lamellar Cationic Lipid–DNA Self-Assembled Complexes
Cationic lipid–DNA (CL-DNA) complexes comprise a promising new class of synthetic nonviral gene delivery systems. When positively charged, they attach to the anionic cell surface and transfer DNA into the cell cytoplasm. We report a comprehensive x-ray diffraction study of the lamellar CL-DNA self-a...
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Published in | Biophysical journal Vol. 77; no. 2; pp. 915 - 924 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Elsevier Inc
01.08.1999
Biophysical Society |
Subjects | |
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Abstract | Cationic lipid–DNA (CL-DNA) complexes comprise a promising new class of synthetic nonviral gene delivery systems. When positively charged, they attach to the anionic cell surface and transfer DNA into the cell cytoplasm. We report a comprehensive x-ray diffraction study of the lamellar CL-DNA self-assemblies as a function of lipid composition and lipid/DNA ratio, aimed at elucidating the interactions determining their structure, charge, and thermodynamic stability. The driving force for the formation of charge-neutral complexes is the release of DNA and lipid counterions. Negatively charged complexes have a higher DNA packing density than isoelectric complexes, whereas positively charged ones have a lower packing density. This indicates that the overcharging of the complex away from its isoelectric point is caused by changes of the bulk structure with absorption of excess DNA or cationic lipid. The degree of overcharging is dependent on the membrane charge density, which is controlled by the ratio of neutral to cationic lipid in the bilayers. Importantly, overcharged complexes are observed to move toward their isoelectric charge-neutral point at higher concentration of salt co-ions, with positively overcharged complexes expelling cationic lipid and negatively overcharged complexes expelling DNA. Our observations should apply universally to the formation and structure of self-assemblies between oppositely charged macromolecules. |
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AbstractList | Cationic lipid-DNA (CL-DNA) complexes comprise a promising new class of synthetic nonviral gene delivery systems. When positively charged, they attach to the anionic cell surface and transfer DNA into the cell cytoplasm. We report a comprehensive x-ray diffraction study of the lamellar CL-DNA self-assemblies as a function of lipid composition and lipid/DNA ratio, aimed at elucidating the interactions determining their structure, charge, and thermodynamic stability. The driving force for the formation of charge-neutral complexes is the release of DNA and lipid counterions. Negatively charged complexes have a higher DNA packing density than isoelectric complexes, whereas positively charged ones have a lower packing density. This indicates that the overcharging of the complex away from its isoelectric point is caused by changes of the bulk structure with absorption of excess DNA or cationic lipid. The degree of overcharging is dependent on the membrane charge density, which is controlled by the ratio of neutral to cationic lipid in the bilayers. Importantly, overcharged complexes are observed to move toward their isoelectric charge-neutral point at higher concentration of salt co-ions, with positively overcharged complexes expelling cationic lipid and negatively overcharged complexes expelling DNA. Our observations should apply universally to the formation and structure of self-assemblies between oppositely charged macromolecules. |
Author | Koltover, I. Salditt, T. Safinya, C.R. |
AuthorAffiliation | Materials Department, Physics Department and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Program, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Materials Department, Physics Department and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Program, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: I. surname: Koltover fullname: Koltover, I. – sequence: 2 givenname: T. surname: Salditt fullname: Salditt, T. – sequence: 3 givenname: C.R. surname: Safinya fullname: Safinya, C.R. email: safinya@engineering.ucsb.edu |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10423436$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Snippet | Cationic lipid–DNA (CL-DNA) complexes comprise a promising new class of synthetic nonviral gene delivery systems. When positively charged, they attach to the... Cationic lipid-DNA (CL-DNA) complexes comprise a promising new class of synthetic nonviral gene delivery systems. When positively charged, they attach to the... |
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SubjectTerms | Biophysical Phenomena Biophysics Cations Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA - administration & dosage DNA - chemistry DNA - genetics Drug Carriers Drug Stability Gene Transfer Techniques Lipids Liposomes - chemistry Macromolecular Substances Models, Molecular Molecular biology Static Electricity |
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Title | Phase Diagram, Stability, and Overcharging of Lamellar Cationic Lipid–DNA Self-Assembled Complexes |
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