Assessment of the Proportion of Recent HIV-1 Infections in Newly-Diagnosed Cases in Ghana
Accurate monitoring of epidemics is a key strategy for controlling human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection. To delineate the characteristics of newly diagnosed cases of HIV-1 infection, we assessed the proportion of recent HIV-1 infections using a recent infection-testing algorithm (RI...
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| Published in | Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol. 75; no. 4; pp. 395 - 397 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Japan
National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee
31.07.2022
Japan Science and Technology Agency |
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| Abstract | Accurate monitoring of epidemics is a key strategy for controlling human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection. To delineate the characteristics of newly diagnosed cases of HIV-1 infection, we assessed the proportion of recent HIV-1 infections using a recent infection-testing algorithm (RITA). In 2015, 248 cases were newly diagnosed with HIV infection at the Regional Hospital Koforidua, Ghana. Of these, 234 cases (94.4%) were infected with HIV-1 only, four (1.6%) were infected with HIV-2 only, and 10 (4.0%) were co-infected with HIV-1 and HIV-2. All HIV-1 single-seropositive samples were used in the HIV-1 LAg avidity assay for RITA. Our analysis revealed that 18 cases (7.7%) were recently infected, indicating that early diagnosis was not achieved in Ghana. This is the first report to assess the proportion of recent infections in Ghana using a biomarker approach. The accumulation of these data will contribute to the accurate estimation of HIV-1 incidence and prevalence in Ghana. |
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| AbstractList | Accurate monitoring of epidemics is a key strategy for controlling human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection. To delineate the characteristics of newly diagnosed cases of HIV-1 infection, we assessed the proportion of recent HIV-1 infections using a recent infection-testing algorithm (RITA). In 2015, 248 cases were newly diagnosed with HIV infection at the Regional Hospital Koforidua, Ghana. Of these, 234 cases (94.4%) were infected with HIV-1 only, four (1.6%) were infected with HIV-2 only, and 10 (4.0%) were co-infected with HIV-1 and HIV-2. All HIV-1 single-seropositive samples were used in the HIV-1 LAg avidity assay for RITA. Our analysis revealed that 18 cases (7.7%) were recently infected, indicating that early diagnosis was not achieved in Ghana. This is the first report to assess the proportion of recent infections in Ghana using a biomarker approach. The accumulation of these data will contribute to the accurate estimation of HIV-1 incidence and prevalence in Ghana. Accurate monitoring of epidemics is a key strategy for controlling human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection. To delineate the characteristics of newly diagnosed cases of HIV-1 infection, we assessed the proportion of recent HIV-1 infections using a recent infection-testing algorithm (RITA). In 2015, 248 cases were newly diagnosed with HIV infection at the Regional Hospital Koforidua, Ghana. Of these, 234 cases (94.4%) were infected with HIV-1 only, four (1.6%) were infected with HIV-2 only, and 10 (4.0%) were co-infected with HIV-1 and HIV-2. All HIV-1 single-seropositive samples were used in the HIV-1 LAg avidity assay for RITA. Our analysis revealed that 18 cases (7.7%) were recently infected, indicating that early diagnosis was not achieved in Ghana. This is the first report to assess the proportion of recent infections in Ghana using a biomarker approach. The accumulation of these data will contribute to the accurate estimation of HIV-1 incidence and prevalence in Ghana.Accurate monitoring of epidemics is a key strategy for controlling human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection. To delineate the characteristics of newly diagnosed cases of HIV-1 infection, we assessed the proportion of recent HIV-1 infections using a recent infection-testing algorithm (RITA). In 2015, 248 cases were newly diagnosed with HIV infection at the Regional Hospital Koforidua, Ghana. Of these, 234 cases (94.4%) were infected with HIV-1 only, four (1.6%) were infected with HIV-2 only, and 10 (4.0%) were co-infected with HIV-1 and HIV-2. All HIV-1 single-seropositive samples were used in the HIV-1 LAg avidity assay for RITA. Our analysis revealed that 18 cases (7.7%) were recently infected, indicating that early diagnosis was not achieved in Ghana. This is the first report to assess the proportion of recent infections in Ghana using a biomarker approach. The accumulation of these data will contribute to the accurate estimation of HIV-1 incidence and prevalence in Ghana. Accurate monitoring of epidemics is a key strategy for the control of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection. To delineate the characteristic of newly-diagnosed cases of HIV-1 infection, we assessed the proportion of recent HIV-1 infections using a recent infection testing algorithm (RITA). In 2015, 248 cases were newly diagnosed with HIV infection in Reginal Hospital Koforidua, Ghana. Of these, 234 cases (94.4%) were infected with HIV-1 only, four (1.6%) were infected with HIV-2 only, and 10 (4.0%) were co-infected with HIV-1 and HIV-2. All the HIV-1 single seropositive samples were applied to HIV-1 LAg avidity assay for RITA. Our analysis revealed that 18 cases (7.7%) were determined as recent infections, indicating that early diagnosis has not been achieved in Ghana. This is the first report assessing the proportion of recent infections in Ghana using a biomarker approach. Accumulation of these data would contribute to accurate estimation of HIV-1 incidence and prevalence in Ghana. |
| ArticleNumber | JJID.2021.573 |
| Author | Ishikawa, Koichi Ampofo, William Kwabena Abana, Christopher Zab-Yen Bonney, Evelyn Yayra Ofori, Sampson Badu Okazaki, Midori Kawana-Tachikawa, Ai Matano, Tetsuro Matsuoka, Saori Adusei-Poku, Mildred Asumamaa Duker, Ewurabena Oduma Parbie, Prince Kofi |
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| References | 14. Matsuoka S, Nagashima M, Sadamasu K, et al. Estimating HIV-1 incidence in Japan from the proportion of recent infections. Prev Med Rep. 2019;16:100994. 9. Sedia Biosiences Corrporation. Sedia HIV-1 LAg Avidity EIA. 2018. 13. Ghana AIDS Committee. 2019 HIV sentimental survey report. Available at <https://www.ghanaids.gov.gh/>. Acceded February 18, 2021. 3. WHO. When and how to use assays for recent infection to estimate HIV incidence at a population level. Available at <https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/44612>. Accessed June 29, 2022. 6. Public Health England. Progress towards ending the HIV epidemic in the United Kingdom, 2018 report. Available at <https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/hiv-in-the-united-kingdom>. Acceded February 18, 2021. 8. Wand L, Wilson D, Yan P, et al. Characterizing trends in HIV infection among men who have sex with men in Australia by birth cohorts: results from a modified back-projection method. J Int AIDS Soc. 2009:12;19. 7. The Kirby Institute. HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmissible infections in Australia, annual surveillance report 2018. Available at <https://kirby.unsw.edu.au/report/hiv-viral-hepatitis-and-sexually-transmissible-infections-australia-annual-surveillance>. Acceded February 18, 2021. 12. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UANIDS). Fact sheet Ghana. UNAIDS. 2019. Available at <https://www.unaids.org/en/regionscountries/countries/ghana>. Acceded February 18, 2021. 15. Adusei-Poku MA, Matsuoka S, Bonney EY, et al. Human leukocyte antigen-associated HIV-1 CRF02_AG gag and vif paccordingolymorphisms in Ghana. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2019;72:374-380. 5. van Sighem A, Nakagawa F, De Angelis D, et al. Estimating HIV incidence, time to diagnosis, and the undiagnosed HIV epidemic using routine surveillance data. Epidemiology. 2015;25:653-660. 4. WHO. WHO working group on HIV incidence measurement and data use: meeting report. 2018. Available at <https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/272940>. Acceded February 18, 2021. 10. Hall HI, Song R, Rhodes P, et al. Estimation of HIV incidence in the United States. JAMA. 2008;300:520-529. 1. Brookmeyer R, Gail MH. Generalized back-calculation: extension to account for nonstationary incubation distributions. In: AIDS Epidemiology: A Quantitative Approach. New York: Oxford University Press; 1994. p.219. 11. Duong YT, Qiu M, De AK, et al. Detection of recent HIV-1 infection using a new limiting-antigen avidity assay: potential for HIV-1 incidence estimates and avidity maturation studies. PLoS One. 2012;7:e33328. 2. World Health Organization (WHO): WHO working group on HIV incidence assays. Estimating HIV incidence using HIV case surveillance. Available at <https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-HIV-2017.03>. Accessed June 29, 2022. 11 12 13 14 15 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 |
| References_xml | – reference: 11. Duong YT, Qiu M, De AK, et al. Detection of recent HIV-1 infection using a new limiting-antigen avidity assay: potential for HIV-1 incidence estimates and avidity maturation studies. PLoS One. 2012;7:e33328. – reference: 12. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UANIDS). Fact sheet Ghana. UNAIDS. 2019. Available at <https://www.unaids.org/en/regionscountries/countries/ghana>. Acceded February 18, 2021. – reference: 14. Matsuoka S, Nagashima M, Sadamasu K, et al. Estimating HIV-1 incidence in Japan from the proportion of recent infections. Prev Med Rep. 2019;16:100994. – reference: 4. WHO. WHO working group on HIV incidence measurement and data use: meeting report. 2018. Available at <https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/272940>. Acceded February 18, 2021. – reference: 10. Hall HI, Song R, Rhodes P, et al. Estimation of HIV incidence in the United States. JAMA. 2008;300:520-529. – reference: 5. van Sighem A, Nakagawa F, De Angelis D, et al. Estimating HIV incidence, time to diagnosis, and the undiagnosed HIV epidemic using routine surveillance data. Epidemiology. 2015;25:653-660. – reference: 1. Brookmeyer R, Gail MH. Generalized back-calculation: extension to account for nonstationary incubation distributions. In: AIDS Epidemiology: A Quantitative Approach. New York: Oxford University Press; 1994. p.219. – reference: 8. Wand L, Wilson D, Yan P, et al. Characterizing trends in HIV infection among men who have sex with men in Australia by birth cohorts: results from a modified back-projection method. J Int AIDS Soc. 2009:12;19. – reference: 7. The Kirby Institute. HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmissible infections in Australia, annual surveillance report 2018. Available at <https://kirby.unsw.edu.au/report/hiv-viral-hepatitis-and-sexually-transmissible-infections-australia-annual-surveillance>. Acceded February 18, 2021. – reference: 9. Sedia Biosiences Corrporation. Sedia HIV-1 LAg Avidity EIA. 2018. – reference: 13. Ghana AIDS Committee. 2019 HIV sentimental survey report. Available at <https://www.ghanaids.gov.gh/>. Acceded February 18, 2021. – reference: 3. WHO. When and how to use assays for recent infection to estimate HIV incidence at a population level. Available at <https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/44612>. Accessed June 29, 2022. – reference: 15. Adusei-Poku MA, Matsuoka S, Bonney EY, et al. Human leukocyte antigen-associated HIV-1 CRF02_AG gag and vif paccordingolymorphisms in Ghana. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2019;72:374-380. – reference: 2. World Health Organization (WHO): WHO working group on HIV incidence assays. Estimating HIV incidence using HIV case surveillance. Available at <https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-HIV-2017.03>. Accessed June 29, 2022. – reference: 6. Public Health England. Progress towards ending the HIV epidemic in the United Kingdom, 2018 report. Available at <https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/hiv-in-the-united-kingdom>. Acceded February 18, 2021. – ident: 2 – ident: 3 – ident: 4 – ident: 15 doi: 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2019.201 – ident: 10 doi: 10.1001/jama.300.5.520 – ident: 11 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033328 – ident: 5 doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000324 – ident: 12 – ident: 8 doi: 10.1186/1758-2652-12-19 – ident: 13 – ident: 14 doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100994 – ident: 1 doi: 10.1093/oso/9780195076417.003.0008 – ident: 6 – ident: 9 – ident: 7 |
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| SubjectTerms | Algorithms Avidity Biomarkers Ghana HIV HIV-1 Human immunodeficiency virus incidence Infections recent infection |
| Title | Assessment of the Proportion of Recent HIV-1 Infections in Newly-Diagnosed Cases in Ghana |
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