Plasma fatty acid composition, estimated desaturase activities, and intakes of energy and nutrient in Japanese men with abdominal obesity or metabolic syndrome

• Published in: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology Vol. 55; no. 5; pp. 400 - 406
• Main Authors: Kawashima, A.(Nara Women's Univ. (Japan)), Sugawara, S, Okita, M, Akahane, T, Fukui, K, Hashiuchi, M, Kataoka, C, Tsukamoto, I
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Tokyo Center for Academic Publications Japan 2009
• Subjects: ABDOMINAL FAT; abdominal obesity; ACIDE EICOSAPENTAENOIQUE; ACIDE GRAS; ACIDE GRAS POLYINSATURE; ACIDE ORGANIQUE; ACIDO EICOSAPENTAENOICO; ACIDOS GRASOS; ACIDOS GRASOS POLIINSATURADOS; ACIDOS ORGANICOS; ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA; ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE; ADIPOSE TISSUE; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Biological and medical sciences; delta 5 desaturase; delta 9 desaturase; Diet; Dietary Fats - metabolism; dietary intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA); DISORDERS; EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; Eicosapentaenoic Acid - administration & dosage; Energy Intake; ENZYME ACTIVITY; Fatty Acid Desaturases - metabolism; FATTY ACIDS; Fatty Acids - administration & dosage; Fatty Acids - blood; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; GRAISSE ABDOMINALE; GRASA ABDOMINAL; Humans; Japan; Logistic Models; Male; METABOLIC DISORDERS; metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - etiology; Metabolic Syndrome - metabolism; Middle Aged; Obesity, Abdominal - etiology; Obesity, Abdominal - metabolism; ORGANIC ACIDS; OVERWEIGHT; POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS; Risk Factors; SOBREPESO; SURPOIDS; TEJIDO ADIPOSO; TISSU ADIPEUX; TRASTORNOS; TRASTORNOS METABOLICOS; TROUBLE; TROUBLE DU METABOLISME; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; Endocrinopathy; Human; Lipids; Metabolic diseases; Cardiovascular disease; Metabolic syndrome; n-3 fatty acid; Fatty acids; Japanese; Visceral obesity; delta 5 desaturase; Blood plasma; delta 9 desaturase; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Energy; Food intake; abdominal obesity; dietary intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA); Eicosapentaenoic acid
• DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.55.400
• ISSN: 0301-4800

To examine predictive factors for abdominal obesity or metabolic syndrome, we investigated the association of plasma fatty acid composition, estimated desaturase activity, and nutrient intakes, with abdominal obesity or metabolic syndrome in Japanese males. Clinical characteristics, the fatty acid composition of plasma cholesteryl esters, and energy and nutrient intakes were analyzed in 3 groups: metabolic syndrome (MS, n = 24), abdominal obesity (OB, n = 43), and control (n = 27). The estimated desaturase activities were calculated by the ratio of 16:1n-7/16:0, 18:3n-6/18:2n-6, and 20:4n-6/20:3n-6 in plasma cholesteryl esters as surrogates of the measure of the delta 9, delta 6, delta 5 desaturase (D9-16D, D6D and D5D) activities, respectively. Plasma fatty acid composition did not differ significantly between the OB group and the control group. The MS group had higher levels of palmitoleic, oleic, and gamma-linolenic acids, but a lower level of linoleic acid than the control. Stronger D6D activity and weaker D5D activity were observed in the OB group. A higher level of D9-16D activity as well as a higher level of D6D activity and a lower level of D5D activity was observed in the MS group. A logistic regression analysis showed that the low D5D activity and high D9-16D activity were predictive of the development of abdominal obesity from controls (odds ratio = 0.39, p 0.05) and metabolic syndrome from abdominal obesity (odds ratio