Glycosaminoglycan Binding and Oligomerization Are Essential for the in vivo Activity of Certain Chemokines
During organogenesis, immunosurveillance, and inflammation, chemokines selectively recruit leukocytes by activating seven-transmembrane-spanning receptors. It has been suggested that an important component of this process is the formation of a haptotactic gradient by immobilization of chemokines on...
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| Published in | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 100; no. 4; pp. 1885 - 1890 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
National Academy of Sciences
18.02.2003
National Acad Sciences The National Academy of Sciences |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | During organogenesis, immunosurveillance, and inflammation, chemokines selectively recruit leukocytes by activating seven-transmembrane-spanning receptors. It has been suggested that an important component of this process is the formation of a haptotactic gradient by immobilization of chemokines on cell surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). However, this hypothesis has not been experimentally demonstrated in vivo. In the present study we investigated the effect of mutations in the GAG binding sites of three chemokines, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CC chemokine ligand (CCL)2, macrophage-inflammatory protein-1β/CCL4, and RANTES/CCL5, on their ability to recruit cells in vivo. These mutant chemokines retain chemotactic activity in vitro, but they are unable to recruit cells when administered intraperitoneally. Additionally, monomeric variants, although fully active in vitro, are devoid of activity in vivo. These data demonstrate that both GAG binding and the ability to form higher-order oligomers are essential for the activity of particular chemokines in vivo, although they are not required for receptor activation in vitro. Thus, quaternary structure of chemokines and their interaction with GAGs may significantly contribute to the localization of leukocytes beyond migration patterns defined by chemokine receptor interactions. |
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| AbstractList | During organogenesis, immunosurveillance, and inflammation, chemokines selectively recruit leukocytes by activating seven-transmembrane-spanning receptors. It has been suggested that an important component of this process is the formation of a haptotactic gradient by immobilization of chemokines on cell surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). However, this hypothesis has not been experimentally demonstrated in vivo. In the present study we investigated the effect of mutations in the GAG binding sites of three chemokines, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CC chemokine ligand (CCL)2, macrophage-inflammatory protein-1/CCL4, and RANTES/CCL5, on their ability to recruit cells in vivo. These mutant chemokines retain chemotactic activity in vitro, but they are unable to recruit cells when administered intraperitoneally. Additionally, monomeric variants, although fully active in vitro, are devoid of activity in vivo. These data demonstrate that both GAG binding and the ability to form higher-order oligomers are essential for the activity of particular chemokines in vivo, although they are not required for receptor activation in vitro. Thus, quaternary structure of chemokines and their interaction with GAGs may significantly contribute to the localization of leukocytes beyond migration patterns defined by chemokine receptor interactions. During organogenesis, immunosurveillance, and inflammation, chemokines selectively recruit leukocytes by activating seven-transmembrane-spanning receptors. It has been suggested that an important component of this process is the formation of a haptotactic gradient by immobilization of chemokines on cell surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). However, this hypothesis has not been experimentally demonstrated in vivo. In the present study we investigated the effect of mutations in the GAG binding sites of three chemokines, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CC chemokine ligand (CCL)2, macrophage-inflammatory protein-1beta/CCL4, and RANTES/CCL5, on their ability to recruit cells in vivo. These mutant chemokines retain chemotactic activity in vitro, but they are unable to recruit cells when administered intraperitoneally. Additionally, monomeric variants, although fully active in vitro, are devoid of activity in vivo. These data demonstrate that both GAG binding and the ability to form higher-order oligomers are essential for the activity of particular chemokines in vivo, although they are not required for receptor activation in vitro. Thus, quaternary structure of chemokines and their interaction with GAGs may significantly contribute to the localization of leukocytes beyond migration patterns defined by chemokine receptor interactions. During organogenesis, immunosurveillance, and inflammation, chemokines selectively recruit leukocytes by activating seven-transmembrane-spanning receptors. It has been suggested that an important component of this process is the formation of a haptotactic gradient by immobilization of chemokines on cell surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). However, this hypothesis has not been experimentally demonstrated in vivo. In the present study we investigated the effect of mutations in the GAG binding sites of three chemokines, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CC chemokine ligand (CCL)2, macrophage-inflammatory protein-1β/CCL4, and RANTES/CCL5, on their ability to recruit cells in vivo. These mutant chemokines retain chemotactic activity in vitro, but they are unable to recruit cells when administered intraperitoneally. Additionally, monomeric variants, although fully active in vitro, are devoid of activity in vivo. These data demonstrate that both GAG binding and the ability to form higher-order oligomers are essential for the activity of particular chemokines in vivo, although they are not required for receptor activation in vitro. Thus, quaternary structure of chemokines and their interaction with GAGs may significantly contribute to the localization of leukocytes beyond migration patterns defined by chemokine receptor interactions. During organogenesis, immunosurveillance, and inflammation, chemokines selectively recruit leukocytes by activating seven-transmembrane-spanning receptors. It has been suggested that an important component of this process is the formation of a haptotactic gradient by immobilization of chemokines on cell surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). However, this hypothesis has not been experimentally demonstrated in vivo. In the present study we investigated the effect of mutations in the GAG binding sites of three chemokines, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CC chemokine ligand (CCL)2, macrophage-inflammatory protein-1 beta /CCL4, and RANTES/CCL5, on their ability to recruit cells in vivo. These mutant chemokines retain chemotactic activity in vitro, but they are unable to recruit cells when administered intraperitoneally. Additionally, monomeric variants, although fully active in vitro, are devoid of activity in vivo. These data demonstrate that both GAG binding and the ability to form higher-order oligomers are essential for the activity of particular chemokines in vivo, although they are not required for receptor activation in vitro. Thus, quaternary structure of chemokines and their interaction with GAGs may significantly contribute to the localization of leukocytes beyond migration patterns defined by chemokine receptor interactions. During organogenesis, immunosurveillance, and inflammation, chemokines selectively recruit leukocytes by activating seven-transmembrane-spanning receptors. It has been suggested that an important component of this process is the formation of a haptotactic gradient by immobilization of chemokines on cell surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). However, this hypothesis has not been experimentally demonstrated in vivo . In the present study we investigated the effect of mutations in the GAG binding sites of three chemokines, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CC chemokine ligand (CCL)2, macrophage-inflammatory protein-1β/CCL4, and RANTES/CCL5, on their ability to recruit cells in vivo . These mutant chemokines retain chemotactic activity in vitro , but they are unable to recruit cells when administered intraperitoneally. Additionally, monomeric variants, although fully active in vitro , are devoid of activity in vivo . These data demonstrate that both GAG binding and the ability to form higher-order oligomers are essential for the activity of particular chemokines in vivo , although they are not required for receptor activation in vitro . Thus, quaternary structure of chemokines and their interaction with GAGs may significantly contribute to the localization of leukocytes beyond migration patterns defined by chemokine receptor interactions. |
| Author | Clark-Lewis, Ian Kosco-Vilbois, Marie H. Timothy N. C. Wells Johnson, Zoë Amanda E. I. Proudfoot Lau, Elaine K. LiWang, Patricia Borlat, Frédéric Handel, Tracy M. |
| AuthorAffiliation | Serono Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 14 Chemin des Aulx, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland; § Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, 229 Stanley Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; ¶ Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, TAMU 2128, College Station, TX 77843-2128; and ‖ Biomedical Research Centre, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Serono Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 14 Chemin des Aulx, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland; § Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, 229 Stanley Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; ¶ Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, TAMU 2128, College Station, TX 77843-2128; and ‖ Biomedical Research Centre, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Amanda E. I. Proudfoot – sequence: 2 givenname: Tracy M. surname: Handel fullname: Handel, Tracy M. – sequence: 3 givenname: Zoë surname: Johnson fullname: Johnson, Zoë – sequence: 4 givenname: Elaine K. surname: Lau fullname: Lau, Elaine K. – sequence: 5 givenname: Patricia surname: LiWang fullname: LiWang, Patricia – sequence: 6 givenname: Ian surname: Clark-Lewis fullname: Clark-Lewis, Ian – sequence: 7 givenname: Frédéric surname: Borlat fullname: Borlat, Frédéric – sequence: 8 fullname: Timothy N. C. Wells – sequence: 9 givenname: Marie H. surname: Kosco-Vilbois fullname: Kosco-Vilbois, Marie H. |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12571364$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals Base Sequence Binding Sites Biochemistry Biological Sciences Biopolymers Cells Chemokines Chemokines - metabolism Chemokines - physiology Chemotaxis Chemotaxis, Leukocyte CHO Cells Cricetinae Dimers DNA Primers Female Glycosaminoglycans Glycosaminoglycans - chemistry Glycosaminoglycans - metabolism Heparin Immunology In Vitro Techniques Ligands Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C Peritoneal Cavity - cytology Receptors Recombinant Proteins - metabolism |
| Title | Glycosaminoglycan Binding and Oligomerization Are Essential for the in vivo Activity of Certain Chemokines |
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