Visualizing charge separation in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells

Solar cells based on conjugated polymer and fullerene blends have been developed as a low-cost alternative to silicon. For efficient solar cells, electron–hole pairs must separate into free mobile charges that can be extracted in high yield. We still lack good understanding of how, why and when carr...

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Published inNature communications Vol. 4; no. 1; p. 2334
Main Authors Vithanage, D. Amarasinghe, Devižis, A., Abramavičius, V., Infahsaeng, Y., Abramavičius, D., MacKenzie, R. C. I., Keivanidis, P. E., Yartsev, A., Hertel, D., Nelson, J., Sundström, V., Gulbinas, V.
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LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 2013
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Abstract Solar cells based on conjugated polymer and fullerene blends have been developed as a low-cost alternative to silicon. For efficient solar cells, electron–hole pairs must separate into free mobile charges that can be extracted in high yield. We still lack good understanding of how, why and when carriers separate against the Coulomb attraction. Here we visualize the charge separation process in bulk heterojunction solar cells by directly measuring charge carrier drift in a polymer:fullerene blend with ultrafast time resolution. We show that initially only closely separated (<1 nm) charge pairs are created and they separate by several nanometres during the first several picoseconds. Charge pairs overcome Coulomb attraction and form free carriers on a subnanosecond time scale. Numerical simulations complementing the experimental data show that fast three-dimensional charge diffusion within an energetically disordered medium, increasing the entropy of the system, is sufficient to drive the charge separation process. A better design of organic bulk heterojunction solar cells needs a deeper understanding of the behaviour of photo-induced electron–hole pairs. Vithanage et al . experimentally identify fast initial carrier diffusion as the main driving force for charge separation against the Coulomb attraction.
AbstractList Solar cells based on conjugated polymer and fullerene blends have been developed as a low-cost alternative to silicon. For efficient solar cells, electron-hole pairs must separate into free mobile charges that can be extracted in high yield. We still lack good understanding of how, why and when carriers separate against the Coulomb attraction. Here we visualize the charge separation process in bulk heterojunction solar cells by directly measuring charge carrier drift in a polymer:fullerene blend with ultrafast time resolution. We show that initially only closely separated (<1 nm) charge pairs are created and they separate by several nanometres during the first several picoseconds. Charge pairs overcome Coulomb attraction and form free carriers on a subnanosecond time scale. Numerical simulations complementing the experimental data show that fast three-dimensional charge diffusion within an energetically disordered medium, increasing the entropy of the system, is sufficient to drive the charge separation process.
Solar cells based on conjugated polymer and fullerene blends have been developed as a low-cost alternative to silicon. For efficient solar cells, electron–hole pairs must separate into free mobile charges that can be extracted in high yield. We still lack good understanding of how, why and when carriers separate against the Coulomb attraction. Here we visualize the charge separation process in bulk heterojunction solar cells by directly measuring charge carrier drift in a polymer:fullerene blend with ultrafast time resolution. We show that initially only closely separated (<1 nm) charge pairs are created and they separate by several nanometres during the first several picoseconds. Charge pairs overcome Coulomb attraction and form free carriers on a subnanosecond time scale. Numerical simulations complementing the experimental data show that fast three-dimensional charge diffusion within an energetically disordered medium, increasing the entropy of the system, is sufficient to drive the charge separation process. A better design of organic bulk heterojunction solar cells needs a deeper understanding of the behaviour of photo-induced electron–hole pairs. Vithanage et al . experimentally identify fast initial carrier diffusion as the main driving force for charge separation against the Coulomb attraction.
Solar cells based on conjugated polymer and fullerene blends have been developed as a low-cost alternative to silicon. For efficient solar cells, electron-hole pairs must separate into free mobile charges that can be extracted in high yield. We still lack good understanding of how, why and when carriers separate against the Coulomb attraction. Here we visualize the charge separation process in bulk heterojunction solar cells by directly measuring charge carrier drift in a polymer:fullerene blend with ultrafast time resolution. We show that initially only closely separated (&lt;1 nm) charge pairs are created and they separate by several nanometres during the first several picoseconds. Charge pairs overcome Coulomb attraction and form free carriers on a subnanosecond time scale. Numerical simulations complementing the experimental data show that fast three-dimensional charge diffusion within an energetically disordered medium, increasing the entropy of the system, is sufficient to drive the charge separation process.
ArticleNumber 2334
Author Hertel, D.
Sundström, V.
Devižis, A.
Gulbinas, V.
Infahsaeng, Y.
Keivanidis, P. E.
Yartsev, A.
Abramavičius, D.
Nelson, J.
Vithanage, D. Amarasinghe
MacKenzie, R. C. I.
Abramavičius, V.
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  organization: Center for Physical Sciences and Technology
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  surname: Abramavičius
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  organization: Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Department of Theoretical Physics, Vilnius University
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  surname: Infahsaeng
  fullname: Infahsaeng, Y.
  organization: Chemical Physics, Lund University Box 124
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  surname: Abramavičius
  fullname: Abramavičius, D.
  organization: Department of Theoretical Physics, Vilnius University, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University
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  givenname: R. C. I.
  surname: MacKenzie
  fullname: MacKenzie, R. C. I.
  organization: FRIAS, School of Soft Matter Research, University of Freiburg, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham
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  surname: Keivanidis
  fullname: Keivanidis, P. E.
  organization: Center for Nano Science and Technology at PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
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  fullname: Yartsev, A.
  organization: Chemical Physics, Lund University Box 124
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  surname: Hertel
  fullname: Hertel, D.
  organization: Department of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, University of Cologne
– sequence: 10
  givenname: J.
  surname: Nelson
  fullname: Nelson, J.
  organization: FRIAS, School of Soft Matter Research, University of Freiburg, Department of Physics, Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London
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  fullname: Gulbinas, V.
  email: vidgulb@ktl.mii.lt
  organization: Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Department of General Physics and Spectroscopy, Vilnius University
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23945881$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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PublicationDate 2013
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2013-01-01
PublicationDate_xml – year: 2013
  text: 2013
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PublicationTitle Nature communications
PublicationTitleAbbrev Nat Commun
PublicationTitleAlternate Nat Commun
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Snippet Solar cells based on conjugated polymer and fullerene blends have been developed as a low-cost alternative to silicon. For efficient solar cells, electron–hole...
Solar cells based on conjugated polymer and fullerene blends have been developed as a low-cost alternative to silicon. For efficient solar cells, electron-hole...
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639/766/119
Atom and Molecular Physics and Optics
Atom- och molekylfysik och optik
Fysik
Humanities and Social Sciences
multidisciplinary
Natural Sciences
Naturvetenskap
Physical Sciences
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
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Title Visualizing charge separation in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/ncomms3334
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