Visualizing charge separation in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells
Solar cells based on conjugated polymer and fullerene blends have been developed as a low-cost alternative to silicon. For efficient solar cells, electron–hole pairs must separate into free mobile charges that can be extracted in high yield. We still lack good understanding of how, why and when carr...
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| Published in | Nature communications Vol. 4; no. 1; p. 2334 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
London
Nature Publishing Group UK
2013
Nature Publishing Group |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Solar cells based on conjugated polymer and fullerene blends have been developed as a low-cost alternative to silicon. For efficient solar cells, electron–hole pairs must separate into free mobile charges that can be extracted in high yield. We still lack good understanding of how, why and when carriers separate against the Coulomb attraction. Here we visualize the charge separation process in bulk heterojunction solar cells by directly measuring charge carrier drift in a polymer:fullerene blend with ultrafast time resolution. We show that initially only closely separated (<1 nm) charge pairs are created and they separate by several nanometres during the first several picoseconds. Charge pairs overcome Coulomb attraction and form free carriers on a subnanosecond time scale. Numerical simulations complementing the experimental data show that fast three-dimensional charge diffusion within an energetically disordered medium, increasing the entropy of the system, is sufficient to drive the charge separation process.
A better design of organic bulk heterojunction solar cells needs a deeper understanding of the behaviour of photo-induced electron–hole pairs. Vithanage
et al
. experimentally identify fast initial carrier diffusion as the main driving force for charge separation against the Coulomb attraction. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Solar cells based on conjugated polymer and fullerene blends have been developed as a low-cost alternative to silicon. For efficient solar cells, electron-hole pairs must separate into free mobile charges that can be extracted in high yield. We still lack good understanding of how, why and when carriers separate against the Coulomb attraction. Here we visualize the charge separation process in bulk heterojunction solar cells by directly measuring charge carrier drift in a polymer:fullerene blend with ultrafast time resolution. We show that initially only closely separated (<1 nm) charge pairs are created and they separate by several nanometres during the first several picoseconds. Charge pairs overcome Coulomb attraction and form free carriers on a subnanosecond time scale. Numerical simulations complementing the experimental data show that fast three-dimensional charge diffusion within an energetically disordered medium, increasing the entropy of the system, is sufficient to drive the charge separation process. Solar cells based on conjugated polymer and fullerene blends have been developed as a low-cost alternative to silicon. For efficient solar cells, electron–hole pairs must separate into free mobile charges that can be extracted in high yield. We still lack good understanding of how, why and when carriers separate against the Coulomb attraction. Here we visualize the charge separation process in bulk heterojunction solar cells by directly measuring charge carrier drift in a polymer:fullerene blend with ultrafast time resolution. We show that initially only closely separated (<1 nm) charge pairs are created and they separate by several nanometres during the first several picoseconds. Charge pairs overcome Coulomb attraction and form free carriers on a subnanosecond time scale. Numerical simulations complementing the experimental data show that fast three-dimensional charge diffusion within an energetically disordered medium, increasing the entropy of the system, is sufficient to drive the charge separation process. A better design of organic bulk heterojunction solar cells needs a deeper understanding of the behaviour of photo-induced electron–hole pairs. Vithanage et al . experimentally identify fast initial carrier diffusion as the main driving force for charge separation against the Coulomb attraction. Solar cells based on conjugated polymer and fullerene blends have been developed as a low-cost alternative to silicon. For efficient solar cells, electron-hole pairs must separate into free mobile charges that can be extracted in high yield. We still lack good understanding of how, why and when carriers separate against the Coulomb attraction. Here we visualize the charge separation process in bulk heterojunction solar cells by directly measuring charge carrier drift in a polymer:fullerene blend with ultrafast time resolution. We show that initially only closely separated (<1 nm) charge pairs are created and they separate by several nanometres during the first several picoseconds. Charge pairs overcome Coulomb attraction and form free carriers on a subnanosecond time scale. Numerical simulations complementing the experimental data show that fast three-dimensional charge diffusion within an energetically disordered medium, increasing the entropy of the system, is sufficient to drive the charge separation process. |
| ArticleNumber | 2334 |
| Author | Hertel, D. Sundström, V. Devižis, A. Gulbinas, V. Infahsaeng, Y. Keivanidis, P. E. Yartsev, A. Abramavičius, D. Nelson, J. Vithanage, D. Amarasinghe MacKenzie, R. C. I. Abramavičius, V. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: D. Amarasinghe surname: Vithanage fullname: Vithanage, D. Amarasinghe organization: Chemical Physics, Lund University Box 124 – sequence: 2 givenname: A. surname: Devižis fullname: Devižis, A. organization: Center for Physical Sciences and Technology – sequence: 3 givenname: V. surname: Abramavičius fullname: Abramavičius, V. organization: Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Department of Theoretical Physics, Vilnius University – sequence: 4 givenname: Y. surname: Infahsaeng fullname: Infahsaeng, Y. organization: Chemical Physics, Lund University Box 124 – sequence: 5 givenname: D. surname: Abramavičius fullname: Abramavičius, D. organization: Department of Theoretical Physics, Vilnius University, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University – sequence: 6 givenname: R. C. I. surname: MacKenzie fullname: MacKenzie, R. C. I. organization: FRIAS, School of Soft Matter Research, University of Freiburg, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham – sequence: 7 givenname: P. E. surname: Keivanidis fullname: Keivanidis, P. E. organization: Center for Nano Science and Technology at PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia – sequence: 8 givenname: A. surname: Yartsev fullname: Yartsev, A. organization: Chemical Physics, Lund University Box 124 – sequence: 9 givenname: D. surname: Hertel fullname: Hertel, D. organization: Department of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, University of Cologne – sequence: 10 givenname: J. surname: Nelson fullname: Nelson, J. organization: FRIAS, School of Soft Matter Research, University of Freiburg, Department of Physics, Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London – sequence: 11 givenname: V. surname: Sundström fullname: Sundström, V. organization: Chemical Physics, Lund University Box 124 – sequence: 12 givenname: V. surname: Gulbinas fullname: Gulbinas, V. email: vidgulb@ktl.mii.lt organization: Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Department of General Physics and Spectroscopy, Vilnius University |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23945881$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/4005698$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index |
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| Snippet | Solar cells based on conjugated polymer and fullerene blends have been developed as a low-cost alternative to silicon. For efficient solar cells, electron–hole... Solar cells based on conjugated polymer and fullerene blends have been developed as a low-cost alternative to silicon. For efficient solar cells, electron-hole... |
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| SubjectTerms | 639/301/299/946 639/766/119 Atom and Molecular Physics and Optics Atom- och molekylfysik och optik Fysik Humanities and Social Sciences multidisciplinary Natural Sciences Naturvetenskap Physical Sciences Science Science (multidisciplinary) |
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| Title | Visualizing charge separation in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells |
| URI | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/ncomms3334 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23945881 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1420637474 https://search.proquest.com/docview/1426002854 https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/4005698 |
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