Contrasted patterns in mating-type chromosomes in fungi: Hotspots versus coldspots of recombination

It is striking that, while central to sexual reproduction, the genomic regions determining sex or mating-types are often characterized by suppressed recombination that leads to a decrease in the efficiency of selection, shelters genetic load, and inevitably contributes to their genic degeneration. R...

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Published inFungal biology reviews Vol. 29; no. 3-4; pp. 220 - 229
Main Authors Idnurm, Alexander, Hood, Michael E., Johannesson, Hanna, Giraud, Tatiana
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 01.12.2015
Elsevier
Subjects
Bipolar
Cryptococcus neoformans
Heterothallism
Homothallism
Life Sciences
MAT
Microbotryum violaceum
Muller's ratchet
Neurospora tetrasperma
Podospora anserina
Tetrapolar
Neurospora tetrasperma
Tetrapolar
Bipolar
MAT
Homothallism
Podospora anserina
Cryptococcus neoformans
Muller's ratchet
Heterothallism
Microbotryum violaceum
heterothallism
Muller’s ratchet
tetrapolar
bipolar
homothallism
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Abstract It is striking that, while central to sexual reproduction, the genomic regions determining sex or mating-types are often characterized by suppressed recombination that leads to a decrease in the efficiency of selection, shelters genetic load, and inevitably contributes to their genic degeneration. Research on model and lesser-explored fungi has revealed similarities in recombination suppression of the genomic regions involved in mating compatibility across eukaryotes, but fungi also provide opposite examples of enhanced recombination in the genomic regions that determine their mating types. These contrasted patterns of genetic recombination (sensu lato, including gene conversion and ectopic recombination) in regions of the genome involved in mating compatibility point to important yet complex processes occurring in their evolution. A number of pieces in this puzzle remain to be solved, in particular on the unclear selective forces that may cause the patterns of recombination, prompting theoretical developments and experimental studies. This review thus points to fungi as a fascinating group for studying the various evolutionary forces at play in the genomic regions involved in mating compatibility. •Mating type loci and sex chromosomes are associated with suppressed recombination.•Exceptions to recombination suppression are known in the fungi.•Some fungal mating systems rely on or include increased recombination frequencies.
AbstractList It is striking that, while central to sexual reproduction, the genomic regions determining sex or mating-types are often characterized by suppressed recombination that leads to a decrease in the efficiency of selection, shelters genetic load, and inevitably contributes to their genic degeneration. Research on model and lesser-explored fungi has revealed similarities in recombination suppression of the genomic regions involved in mating compatibility across eukaryotes, but fungi also provide opposite examples of enhanced recombination in the genomic regions that determine their mating types. These contrasted patterns of genetic recombination ( including gene conversion and ectopic recombination) in regions of the genome involved in mating compatibility point to important yet complex processes occurring in their evolution. A number of pieces in this puzzle remain to be solved, in particular on the unclear selective forces that may cause the patterns of recombination, prompting theoretical developments and experimental studies. This review thus points to fungi as a fascinating group for studying the various evolutionary forces at play in the genomic regions involved in mating compatibility.
It is striking that, while central to sexual reproduction, the genomic regions determining sex or mating-types are often characterized by suppressed recombination that leads to a decrease in the efficiency of selection, shelters genetic load, and inevitably contributes to their genic degeneration. Research on model and lesser-explored fungi has revealed similarities in recombination suppression of the genomic regions involved in mating compatibility across eukaryotes, but fungi also provide opposite examples of enhanced recombination in the genomic regions that determine their mating types. These contrasted patterns of genetic recombination ( sensu lato, including gene conversion and ectopic recombination) in regions of the genome involved in mating compatibility point to important yet complex processes occurring in their evolution. A number of pieces in this puzzle remain to be solved, in particular on the unclear selective forces that may cause the patterns of recombination, prompting theoretical developments and experimental studies. This review thus points to fungi as a fascinating group for studying the various evolutionary forces at play in the genomic regions involved in mating compatibility.
It is striking that, while central to sexual reproduction, the genomic regions determining sex or mating-types are often characterized by suppressed recombination that leads to a decrease in the efficiency of selection, shelters genetic load, and inevitably contributes to their genic degeneration. Research on model and lesser-explored fungi has revealed similarities in recombination suppression of the genomic regions involved in mating compatibility across eukaryotes, but fungi also provide opposite examples of enhanced recombination in the genomic regions that determine their mating types. These contrasted patterns of genetic recombination (sensu lato, including gene conversion and ectopic recombination) in regions of the genome involved in mating compatibility point to important yet complex processes occurring in their evolution. A number of pieces in this puzzle remain to be solved, in particular on the unclear selective forces that may cause the patterns of recombination, prompting theoretical developments and experimental studies. This review thus points to fungi as a fascinating group for studying the various evolutionary forces at play in the genomic regions involved in mating compatibility.
It is striking that, while central to sexual reproduction, the genomic regions determining sex or mating-types are often characterized by suppressed recombination that leads to a decrease in the efficiency of selection, shelters genetic load, and inevitably contributes to their genic degeneration. Research on model and lesser-explored fungi has revealed similarities in recombination suppression of the genomic regions involved in mating compatibility across eukaryotes, but fungi also provide opposite examples of enhanced recombination in the genomic regions that determine their mating types. These contrasted patterns of genetic recombination (sensu lato, including gene conversion and ectopic recombination) in regions of the genome involved in mating compatibility point to important yet complex processes occurring in their evolution. A number of pieces in this puzzle remain to be solved, in particular on the unclear selective forces that may cause the patterns of recombination, prompting theoretical developments and experimental studies. This review thus points to fungi as a fascinating group for studying the various evolutionary forces at play in the genomic regions involved in mating compatibility. •Mating type loci and sex chromosomes are associated with suppressed recombination.•Exceptions to recombination suppression are known in the fungi.•Some fungal mating systems rely on or include increased recombination frequencies.
Author Giraud, Tatiana
Idnurm, Alexander
Johannesson, Hanna
Hood, Michael E.
AuthorAffiliation b Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002 USA
c Department of Evolutionary Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
d Laboratoire Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, UMR 8079 CNRS-UPS-AgroParisTech, Bâtiment 360, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay cedex, France
a School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
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Issue 3-4
Keywords Neurospora tetrasperma
Tetrapolar
Bipolar
MAT
Homothallism
Podospora anserina
Cryptococcus neoformans
Muller's ratchet
Heterothallism
Microbotryum violaceum
heterothallism
Muller’s ratchet
tetrapolar
bipolar
homothallism
Language English
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Snippet It is striking that, while central to sexual reproduction, the genomic regions determining sex or mating-types are often characterized by suppressed...
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SubjectTerms Bipolar
Cryptococcus neoformans
Heterothallism
Homothallism
Life Sciences
MAT
Microbotryum violaceum
Muller's ratchet
Neurospora tetrasperma
Podospora anserina
Tetrapolar
Title Contrasted patterns in mating-type chromosomes in fungi: Hotspots versus coldspots of recombination
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fbr.2015.06.001
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26688691
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1826643945
https://hal.science/hal-01302698
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC4680991
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-280810
Volume 29
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