Molecular phylogenetics and the origins of placental mammals

The precise hierarchy of ancient divergence events that led to the present assemblage of modern placental mammals has been an area of controversy among morphologists, palaeontologists and molecular evolutionists. Here we address the potential weaknesses of limited character and taxon sampling in a c...

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Published in	Nature (London) Vol. 409; no. 6820; pp. 614 - 618
Main Authors	O'Brien, Stephen J, Murphy, William J, Eizirik, Eduardo, Johnson, Warren E, Zhang, Ya Ping, Ryder, Oliver A
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	London Nature Publishing 01.02.2001 Nature Publishing Group
Subjects	Afrotheria Animals Armadillo Biological and medical sciences Carnivores Cetacea Evolution Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Genetics Humans Insectivores Lemur Mammalia Mammals Mammals - classification Mammals - genetics Marine Molecular biology Molecular Sequence Data Phylogeny Placenta Taxa Tupaia Vertebrates: general zoology, morphology, phylogeny, systematics, cytogenetics, geographical distribution Xenarthra Molecular evolution Adaptative radiation Vertebrata Mammalia Placenta Taxonomy Chemotaxonomy Phylogeny
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Abstract	The precise hierarchy of ancient divergence events that led to the present assemblage of modern placental mammals has been an area of controversy among morphologists, palaeontologists and molecular evolutionists. Here we address the potential weaknesses of limited character and taxon sampling in a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis of 64 species sampled across all extant orders of placental mammals. We examined sequence variation in 18 homologous gene segments (including nearly 10,000 base pairs) that were selected for maximal phylogenetic informativeness in resolving the hierarchy of early mammalian divergence. Phylogenetic analyses identify four primary superordinal clades: (I) Afrotheria (elephants, manatees, hyraxes, tenrecs, aardvark and elephant shrews); (II) Xenarthra (sloths, anteaters and armadillos); (III) Glires (rodents and lagomorphs), as a sister taxon to primates, flying lemurs and tree shrews; and (IV) the remaining orders of placental mammals (cetaceans, artiodactyls, perissodactyls, carnivores, pangolins, bats and core insectivores). Our results provide new insight into the pattern of the early placental mammal radiation.
AbstractList	The precise hierarchy of ancient divergence events that led to the present assemblage of modern placental mammals has been an area of controversy among morphologists, palaeontologists and molecular evolutionists. Here we address the potential weaknesses of limited character and taxon sampling in a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis of 64 species sampled across all extant orders of placental mammals. We examined sequence variation in 18 homologous gene segments (including nearly 10,000 base pairs) that were selected for maximal phylogenetic informativeness in resolving the hierarchy of early mammalian divergence. Phylogenetic analyses identify four primary superordinal clades: (I) Afrotheria (elephants, manatees, hyraxes, tenrecs, aardvark and elephant shrews); (II) Xenarthra (sloths, anteaters and armadillos); (III) Glires (rodents and lagomorphs), as a sister taxon to primates, flying lemurs and tree shrews; and (IV) the remaining orders of placental mammals (cetaceans, artiodactyls, perissodactyls, carnivores, pangolins, bats and core insectivores). Our results provide new insight into the pattern of the early placental mammal radiation. The precise hierarchy of ancient divergence events that led to the present assemblage of modern placental mammals has been an area of controversy among morphologists, palaeontologists and molecular evolutionists. Here we address the potential weaknesses of limited character and taxon sampling in a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis of 64 species sampled across all extant orders of placental mammals. We examined sequence variation in 18 homologous gene segments (including nearly informativeness in resolving the hierarchy of early mammalian divergence. Phylogenetic analyses identify four primary superordinal clades: (I) Afrotheria (elephants, manatees, hyraxes, tenrecs, aardvark and elephant shrews); (II) Xenarthra (sloths, anteaters and armadillos); (III) Glires (rodents and lagomorphs), as a sister taxon to primates, flying lemurs and tree shrews; and (IV) the remaining orders of placental mammals (cetaceans, artiodactyls, perissodactyls, carnivores, pangolins, bats and core insectivores). Our results provide new insight into the pattern of the early placental mammal radiation. The precise hierarchy of ancient divergence events that led to the present assemblage of modern placental mammals has been an area of controversy among morphologists, palaeontologists and molecular evolutionists. Here we address the potential weaknesses of limited character and taxon sampling in a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis of 64 species sampled across all extant orders of placental mammals.
Audience	Academic
Author	Eizirik, Eduardo Ryder, Oliver A Johnson, Warren E Zhang, Ya Ping O'Brien, Stephen J Murphy, William J
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Stephen J surname: O'Brien fullname: O'Brien, Stephen J organization: Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, National Cancer Institute – sequence: 2 givenname: William J surname: Murphy fullname: Murphy, William J organization: Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, National Cancer Institute – sequence: 3 givenname: Eduardo surname: Eizirik fullname: Eizirik, Eduardo organization: Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, National Cancer Institute Department of Biology, University of Maryland – sequence: 4 givenname: Warren E surname: Johnson fullname: Johnson, Warren E organization: Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, National Cancer Institute – sequence: 5 givenname: Ya Ping surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Ya Ping organization: Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences – sequence: 6 givenname: Oliver A surname: Ryder fullname: Ryder, Oliver A organization: Center for Reproduction of Endangered Species, Zoological Society of San Diego
BackLink	http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=864222$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11214319$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet	The precise hierarchy of ancient divergence events that led to the present assemblage of modern placental mammals has been an area of controversy among...
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SubjectTerms	Afrotheria Animals Armadillo Biological and medical sciences Carnivores Cetacea Evolution Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Genetics Humans Insectivores Lemur Mammalia Mammals Mammals - classification Mammals - genetics Marine Molecular biology Molecular Sequence Data Phylogeny Placenta Taxa Tupaia Vertebrates: general zoology, morphology, phylogeny, systematics, cytogenetics, geographical distribution Xenarthra
Title	Molecular phylogenetics and the origins of placental mammals
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