Extracellular Phosphorylation of TIMP-2 by Secreted c-Src Tyrosine Kinase Controls MMP-2 Activity

The tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP-2) is a specific endogenous inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), which is a key enzyme that degrades the extracellular matrix and promotes tumor cell invasion. Although the TIMP-2:MMP-2 complex controls proteolysis, the signaling mechani...

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Published iniScience Vol. 1; pp. 87 - 96
Main Authors Sánchez-Pozo, Javier, Baker-Williams, Alexander J., Woodford, Mark R., Bullard, Renee, Wei, Beiyang, Mollapour, Mehdi, Stetler-Stevenson, William G., Bratslavsky, Gennady, Bourboulia, Dimitra
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Elsevier Inc 23.03.2018
Elsevier
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ISSN2589-0042
2589-0042
DOI10.1016/j.isci.2018.02.004

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Abstract The tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP-2) is a specific endogenous inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), which is a key enzyme that degrades the extracellular matrix and promotes tumor cell invasion. Although the TIMP-2:MMP-2 complex controls proteolysis, the signaling mechanism by which the two proteins associate in the extracellular space remains unidentified. Here we report that TIMP-2 is phosphorylated outside the cell by secreted c-Src tyrosine kinase. As a consequence, phosphorylation at Y90 significantly enhances TIMP-2 potency as an MMP-2 inhibitor and weakens the catalytic action of the active enzyme. TIMP-2 phosphorylation also appears to be essential for its interaction with the latent enzyme proMMP-2 in vivo. Absence of the kinase or non-phosphorylatable Y90 abolishes TIMP-2 binding to the latent enzyme, ultimately hampering proMMP-2 activation. Together, TIMP-2 phosphorylation by secreted c-Src represents a critical extracellular regulatory mechanism that controls the proteolytic function of MMP-2. [Display omitted] •c-Src tyrosine kinase phosphorylates TIMP-2•Secreted c-Src phosphorylates TIMP-2 extracellularly•TIMP-2 Y90 phosphorylation promotes extracellular interaction with proMMP-2•Tyrosine phosphorylation of TIMP-2 regulates proMMP-2 processing and MMP-2 activity Biochemistry; Enzymology; Molecular Biology
AbstractList The tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP-2) is a specific endogenous inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), which is a key enzyme that degrades the extracellular matrix and promotes tumor cell invasion. Although the TIMP-2:MMP-2 complex controls proteolysis, the signaling mechanism by which the two proteins associate in the extracellular space remains unidentified. Here we report that TIMP-2 is phosphorylated outside the cell by secreted c-Src tyrosine kinase. As a consequence, phosphorylation at Y90 significantly enhances TIMP-2 potency as an MMP-2 inhibitor and weakens the catalytic action of the active enzyme. TIMP-2 phosphorylation also appears to be essential for its interaction with the latent enzyme proMMP-2 in vivo . Absence of the kinase or non-phosphorylatable Y90 abolishes TIMP-2 binding to the latent enzyme, ultimately hampering proMMP-2 activation. Together, TIMP-2 phosphorylation by secreted c-Src represents a critical extracellular regulatory mechanism that controls the proteolytic function of MMP-2. • c-Src tyrosine kinase phosphorylates TIMP-2 • Secreted c-Src phosphorylates TIMP-2 extracellularly • TIMP-2 Y90 phosphorylation promotes extracellular interaction with proMMP-2 • Tyrosine phosphorylation of TIMP-2 regulates proMMP-2 processing and MMP-2 activity Biochemistry; Enzymology; Molecular Biology
The tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP-2) is a specific endogenous inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), which is a key enzyme that degrades the extracellular matrix and promotes tumor cell invasion. Although the TIMP-2:MMP-2 complex controls proteolysis, the signaling mechanism by which the two proteins associate in the extracellular space remains unidentified. Here we report that TIMP-2 is phosphorylated outside the cell by secreted c-Src tyrosine kinase. As a consequence, phosphorylation at Y90 significantly enhances TIMP-2 potency as an MMP-2 inhibitor and weakens the catalytic action of the active enzyme. TIMP-2 phosphorylation also appears to be essential for its interaction with the latent enzyme proMMP-2 in vivo. Absence of the kinase or non-phosphorylatable Y90 abolishes TIMP-2 binding to the latent enzyme, ultimately hampering proMMP-2 activation. Together, TIMP-2 phosphorylation by secreted c-Src represents a critical extracellular regulatory mechanism that controls the proteolytic function of MMP-2. [Display omitted] •c-Src tyrosine kinase phosphorylates TIMP-2•Secreted c-Src phosphorylates TIMP-2 extracellularly•TIMP-2 Y90 phosphorylation promotes extracellular interaction with proMMP-2•Tyrosine phosphorylation of TIMP-2 regulates proMMP-2 processing and MMP-2 activity Biochemistry; Enzymology; Molecular Biology
The tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP-2) is a specific endogenous inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), which is a key enzyme that degrades the extracellular matrix and promotes tumor cell invasion. Although the TIMP-2:MMP-2 complex controls proteolysis, the signaling mechanism by which the two proteins associate in the extracellular space remains unidentified. Here we report that TIMP-2 is phosphorylated outside the cell by secreted c-Src tyrosine kinase. As a consequence, phosphorylation at Y90 significantly enhances TIMP-2 potency as an MMP-2 inhibitor and weakens the catalytic action of the active enzyme. TIMP-2 phosphorylation also appears to be essential for its interaction with the latent enzyme proMMP-2 in vivo. Absence of the kinase or non-phosphorylatable Y90 abolishes TIMP-2 binding to the latent enzyme, ultimately hampering proMMP-2 activation. Together, TIMP-2 phosphorylation by secreted c-Src represents a critical extracellular regulatory mechanism that controls the proteolytic function of MMP-2.The tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP-2) is a specific endogenous inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), which is a key enzyme that degrades the extracellular matrix and promotes tumor cell invasion. Although the TIMP-2:MMP-2 complex controls proteolysis, the signaling mechanism by which the two proteins associate in the extracellular space remains unidentified. Here we report that TIMP-2 is phosphorylated outside the cell by secreted c-Src tyrosine kinase. As a consequence, phosphorylation at Y90 significantly enhances TIMP-2 potency as an MMP-2 inhibitor and weakens the catalytic action of the active enzyme. TIMP-2 phosphorylation also appears to be essential for its interaction with the latent enzyme proMMP-2 in vivo. Absence of the kinase or non-phosphorylatable Y90 abolishes TIMP-2 binding to the latent enzyme, ultimately hampering proMMP-2 activation. Together, TIMP-2 phosphorylation by secreted c-Src represents a critical extracellular regulatory mechanism that controls the proteolytic function of MMP-2.
The tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP-2) is a specific endogenous inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), which is a key enzyme that degrades the extracellular matrix and promotes tumor cell invasion. Although the TIMP-2:MMP-2 complex controls proteolysis, the signaling mechanism by which the two proteins associate in the extracellular space remains unidentified. Here we report that TIMP-2 is phosphorylated outside the cell by secreted c-Src tyrosine kinase. As a consequence, phosphorylation at Y90 significantly enhances TIMP-2 potency as an MMP-2 inhibitor and weakens the catalytic action of the active enzyme. TIMP-2 phosphorylation also appears to be essential for its interaction with the latent enzyme proMMP-2 in vivo. Absence of the kinase or non-phosphorylatable Y90 abolishes TIMP-2 binding to the latent enzyme, ultimately hampering proMMP-2 activation. Together, TIMP-2 phosphorylation by secreted c-Src represents a critical extracellular regulatory mechanism that controls the proteolytic function of MMP-2.
The tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP-2) is a specific endogenous inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), which is a key enzyme that degrades the extracellular matrix and promotes tumor cell invasion. Although the TIMP-2:MMP-2 complex controls proteolysis, the signaling mechanism by which the two proteins associate in the extracellular space remains unidentified. Here we report that TIMP-2 is phosphorylated outside the cell by secreted c-Src tyrosine kinase. As a consequence, phosphorylation at Y90 significantly enhances TIMP-2 potency as an MMP-2 inhibitor and weakens the catalytic action of the active enzyme. TIMP-2 phosphorylation also appears to be essential for its interaction with the latent enzyme proMMP-2 in vivo. Absence of the kinase or non-phosphorylatable Y90 abolishes TIMP-2 binding to the latent enzyme, ultimately hampering proMMP-2 activation. Together, TIMP-2 phosphorylation by secreted c-Src represents a critical extracellular regulatory mechanism that controls the proteolytic function of MMP-2. : Biochemistry; Enzymology; Molecular Biology Subject Areas: Biochemistry, Enzymology, Molecular Biology
Author Mollapour, Mehdi
Bratslavsky, Gennady
Bullard, Renee
Stetler-Stevenson, William G.
Bourboulia, Dimitra
Woodford, Mark R.
Sánchez-Pozo, Javier
Baker-Williams, Alexander J.
Wei, Beiyang
AuthorAffiliation 1 Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
3 Upstate Cancer Center, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
4 Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
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– name: 3 Upstate Cancer Center, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
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  surname: Bourboulia
  fullname: Bourboulia, Dimitra
  email: bourmpod@upstate.edu
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Snippet The tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP-2) is a specific endogenous inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), which is a key enzyme that...
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SubjectTerms Biochemistry
Enzymology
Molecular Biology
Title Extracellular Phosphorylation of TIMP-2 by Secreted c-Src Tyrosine Kinase Controls MMP-2 Activity
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2018.02.004
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30227959
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6135941
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