Active vibrissal sensing in rodents and marsupials

In rats, the long facial whiskers (mystacial macrovibrissae) are repetitively and rapidly swept back and forth during exploration in a behaviour known as 'whisking'. In this paper, we summarize previous evidence from rats, and present new data for rat, mouse and the marsupial grey short-ta...

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Published inPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological sciences Vol. 366; no. 1581; pp. 3037 - 3048
Main Authors Mitchinson, Ben, Grant, Robyn A., Arkley, Kendra, Rankov, Vladan, Perkon, Igor, Prescott, Tony J.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England The Royal Society 12.11.2011
Subjects
Active Sensing
Animals
Biological Clocks - physiology
Contrapuntal motion
Evolution
Fourier Analysis
Kinematics
Mammals
Marsupials
Mice - physiology
Monodelphis - physiology
Opossums
Rats
Rats - physiology
Rodents
Sense of touch
Touch
Touch - physiology
Vibrissae
Vibrissae - physiology
Whisking
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Abstract In rats, the long facial whiskers (mystacial macrovibrissae) are repetitively and rapidly swept back and forth during exploration in a behaviour known as 'whisking'. In this paper, we summarize previous evidence from rats, and present new data for rat, mouse and the marsupial grey short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica) showing that whisking in all three species is actively controlled both with respect to movement of the animal's body and relative to environmental structure. Using automatic whisker tracking, and Fourier analysis, we first show that the whisking motion of the mystacial vibrissae, in the horizontal plane, can be approximated as a blend of two sinusoids at the fundamental frequency (mean 8.5, 11.3 and 7.3 Hz in rat, mouse and opossum, respectively) and its second harmonic. The oscillation at the second harmonic is particularly strong in mouse (around 22 Hz) consistent with previous reports of fast whisking in that species. In all three species, we found evidence of asymmetric whisking during head turning and following unilateral object contacts consistent with active control of whisker movement. We propose that the presence of active vibrissal touch in both rodents and marsupials suggests that this behavioural capacity emerged at an early stage in the evolution of therian mammals.
AbstractList In rats, the long facial whiskers (mystacial macrovibrissae) are repetitively and rapidly swept back and forth during exploration in a behaviour known as ‘whisking’. In this paper, we summarize previous evidence from rats, and present new data for rat, mouse and the marsupial grey short-tailed opossum ( Monodelphis domestica ) showing that whisking in all three species is actively controlled both with respect to movement of the animal's body and relative to environmental structure. Using automatic whisker tracking, and Fourier analysis, we first show that the whisking motion of the mystacial vibrissae, in the horizontal plane, can be approximated as a blend of two sinusoids at the fundamental frequency (mean 8.5, 11.3 and 7.3 Hz in rat, mouse and opossum, respectively) and its second harmonic. The oscillation at the second harmonic is particularly strong in mouse (around 22 Hz) consistent with previous reports of fast whisking in that species. In all three species, we found evidence of asymmetric whisking during head turning and following unilateral object contacts consistent with active control of whisker movement. We propose that the presence of active vibrissal touch in both rodents and marsupials suggests that this behavioural capacity emerged at an early stage in the evolution of therian mammals.
In rats, the long facial whiskers (mystacial macrovibrissae) are repetitively and rapidly swept back and forth during exploration in a behaviour known as 'whisking'. In this paper, we summarize previous evidence from rats, and present new data for rat, mouse and the marsupial grey short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica) showing that whisking in all three species is actively controlled both with respect to movement of the animal's body and relative to environmental structure. Using automatic whisker tracking, and Fourier analysis, we first show that the whisking motion of the mystacial vibrissae, in the horizontal plane, can be approximated as a blend of two sinusoids at the fundamental frequency (mean 8.5, 11.3 and 7.3 Hz in rat, mouse and opossum, respectively) and its second harmonic. The oscillation at the second harmonic is particularly strong in mouse (around 22 Hz) consistent with previous reports of fast whisking in that species. In all three species, we found evidence of asymmetric whisking during head turning and following unilateral object contacts consistent with active control of whisker movement. We propose that the presence of active vibrissal touch in both rodents and marsupials suggests that this behavioural capacity emerged at an early stage in the evolution of therian mammals.
Author Arkley, Kendra
Grant, Robyn A.
Mitchinson, Ben
Prescott, Tony J.
Perkon, Igor
Rankov, Vladan
AuthorAffiliation 2 Cognitive Neuroscience Sector , International School for Advanced Studies , Trieste , Italy
3 Italian Institute of Technology, SISSA Unit, Trieste , Italy
4 LDOS, Faculty of Electrical Engineering , University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia
1 Active Touch Laboratory (ATL@S), Department of Psychology , The University of Sheffield , Sheffield S10 2TN , UK
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 3 Italian Institute of Technology, SISSA Unit, Trieste , Italy
– name: 1 Active Touch Laboratory (ATL@S), Department of Psychology , The University of Sheffield , Sheffield S10 2TN , UK
– name: 2 Cognitive Neuroscience Sector , International School for Advanced Studies , Trieste , Italy
– name: 4 LDOS, Faculty of Electrical Engineering , University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia
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  givenname: Ben
  surname: Mitchinson
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21969685$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Notes Theo Murphy Meeting issue 'Active touch sensing' organized and edited by Tony J. Prescott, Mathew E. Diamond and Alan Wing
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One contribution of 18 to a Theo Murphy Meeting Issue ‘Active touch sensing’.
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Snippet In rats, the long facial whiskers (mystacial macrovibrissae) are repetitively and rapidly swept back and forth during exploration in a behaviour known as...
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SubjectTerms Active Sensing
Animals
Biological Clocks - physiology
Contrapuntal motion
Evolution
Fourier Analysis
Kinematics
Mammals
Marsupials
Mice - physiology
Monodelphis - physiology
Opossums
Rats
Rats - physiology
Rodents
Sense of touch
Touch
Touch - physiology
Vibrissae
Vibrissae - physiology
Whisking
Title Active vibrissal sensing in rodents and marsupials
URI https://www.jstor.org/stable/23035678
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rstb.2011.0156
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21969685
https://search.proquest.com/docview/896395211
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC3172598
Volume 366
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