The reinvigoration of the Southern Ocean carbon sink
Several studies have suggested that the carbon sink in the Southern Ocean—the ocean's strongest region for the uptake of anthropogenic CO2—has weakened in recent decades. We demonstrated, on the basis of multidecadal analyses of surface ocean CO2 observations, that this weakening trend stopped...
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| Published in | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Vol. 349; no. 6253; pp. 1221 - 1224 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
American Association for the Advancement of Science
11.09.2015
The American Association for the Advancement of Science American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0036-8075 1095-9203 |
| DOI | 10.1126/science.aab2620 |
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| Abstract | Several studies have suggested that the carbon sink in the Southern Ocean—the ocean's strongest region for the uptake of anthropogenic CO2—has weakened in recent decades. We demonstrated, on the basis of multidecadal analyses of surface ocean CO2 observations, that this weakening trend stopped around 2002, and by 2012 the Southern Ocean had regained its expected strength based on the growth of atmospheric CO2. All three Southern Ocean sectors have contributed to this reinvigoration of the carbon sink, yet differences in the processes between sectors exist, related to a tendency toward a zonally more asymmetric atmospheric circulation. The large decadal variations in the Southern Ocean carbon sink suggest a rather dynamic ocean carbon cycle that varies more in time than previously recognized. |
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| AbstractList | Several studies have suggested that the carbon sink in the Southern Ocean—the ocean’s strongest region for the uptake of anthropogenic CO2 —has weakened in recent decades. We demonstrated, on the basis of multidecadal analyses of surface ocean CO2 observations, that this weakening trend stopped around 2002, and by 2012, the Southern Ocean had regained its expected strength based on the growth of atmospheric CO2. All three Southern Ocean sectors have contributed to this reinvigoration of the carbon sink, yet differences in the processes between sectors exist, related to a tendency toward a zonally more asymmetric atmospheric circulation. The large decadal variations in the Southern Ocean carbon sink suggest a rather dynamic ocean carbon cycle that varies more in time than previously recognized. Uptake uptickHas global warming slowed the uptake of atmospheric CO2 by the Southern Ocean? Landschuetzer et al. say no (see the Perspective by Fletcher). Previous work suggested that the strength of the Southern Ocean carbon sink fell during the 1990s. This raised concerns that such a decline would exacerbate the rise of atmospheric CO2 and thereby increase global surface air temperatures and ocean acidity. The newer data show that the Southern Ocean carbon sink strengthened again over the past decade, which illustrates the dynamic nature of the process and alleviates some of the anxiety about its earlier weakening trend.Science, this issue p. 1221; see also p. 1165 Several studies have suggested that the carbon sink in the Southern Ocean-the ocean's strongest region for the uptake of anthropogenic CO2 -has weakened in recent decades. We demonstrated, on the basis of multidecadal analyses of surface ocean CO2 observations, that this weakening trend stopped around 2002, and by 2012, the Southern Ocean had regained its expected strength based on the growth of atmospheric CO2. All three Southern Ocean sectors have contributed to this reinvigoration of the carbon sink, yet differences in the processes between sectors exist, related to a tendency toward a zonally more asymmetric atmospheric circulation. The large decadal variations in the Southern Ocean carbon sink suggest a rather dynamic ocean carbon cycle that varies more in time than previously recognized. Has global warming slowed the uptake of atmospheric CO2 by the Southern Ocean? Landschützer et al. say no (see the Perspective by Fletcher). Previous work suggested that the strength of the Southern Ocean carbon sink fell during the 1990s. This raised concerns that such a decline would exacerbate the rise of atmospheric CO2 and thereby increase global surface air temperatures and ocean acidity. The newer data show that the Southern Ocean carbon sink strengthened again over the past decade, which illustrates the dynamic nature of the process and alleviates some of the anxiety about its earlier weakening trend. Science, this issue p. 1221; see also p. 1165 Several studies have suggested that the carbon sink in the Southern Ocean--the ocean's strongest region for the uptake of anthropogenic CO2 --has weakened in recent decades. We demonstrated, on the basis of multidecadal analyses of surface ocean CO2 observations, that this weakening trend stopped around 2002, and by 2012, the Southern Ocean had regained its expected strength based on the growth of atmospheric CO2. All three Southern Ocean sectors have contributed to this reinvigoration of the carbon sink, yet differences in the processes between sectors exist, related to a tendency toward a zonally more asymmetric atmospheric circulation. The large decadal variations in the Southern Ocean carbon sink suggest a rather dynamic ocean carbon cycle that varies more in time than previously recognized. Has global warming slowed the uptake of atmospheric CO 2 by the Southern Ocean? Landschützer et al. say no (see the Perspective by Fletcher). Previous work suggested that the strength of the Southern Ocean carbon sink fell during the 1990s. This raised concerns that such a decline would exacerbate the rise of atmospheric CO 2 and thereby increase global surface air temperatures and ocean acidity. The newer data show that the Southern Ocean carbon sink strengthened again over the past decade, which illustrates the dynamic nature of the process and alleviates some of the anxiety about its earlier weakening trend. Science , this issue p. 1221 ; see also p. 1165 Carbon uptake by the Southern Ocean has increased again after its slowdown in the 1990s. [Also see Perspective by Fletcher ] Several studies have suggested that the carbon sink in the Southern Ocean—the ocean’s strongest region for the uptake of anthropogenic CO 2 —has weakened in recent decades. We demonstrated, on the basis of multidecadal analyses of surface ocean CO 2 observations, that this weakening trend stopped around 2002, and by 2012, the Southern Ocean had regained its expected strength based on the growth of atmospheric CO 2 . All three Southern Ocean sectors have contributed to this reinvigoration of the carbon sink, yet differences in the processes between sectors exist, related to a tendency toward a zonally more asymmetric atmospheric circulation. The large decadal variations in the Southern Ocean carbon sink suggest a rather dynamic ocean carbon cycle that varies more in time than previously recognized. |
| Author | Haumann, F. Alexander Hoppema, Mario Metzl, Nicolas Sweeney, Colm Rödenbeck, Christian Bakker, Dorothee C. E. van Heuven, Steven Wanninkhof, Rik Takahashi, Taro Tilbrook, Bronte Landschützer, Peter Gruber, Nicolas |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Peter surname: Landschützer fullname: Landschützer, Peter – sequence: 2 givenname: Nicolas surname: Gruber fullname: Gruber, Nicolas – sequence: 3 givenname: F. Alexander surname: Haumann fullname: Haumann, F. Alexander – sequence: 4 givenname: Christian surname: Rödenbeck fullname: Rödenbeck, Christian – sequence: 5 givenname: Dorothee C. E. surname: Bakker fullname: Bakker, Dorothee C. E. – sequence: 6 givenname: Steven surname: van Heuven fullname: van Heuven, Steven – sequence: 7 givenname: Mario surname: Hoppema fullname: Hoppema, Mario – sequence: 8 givenname: Nicolas surname: Metzl fullname: Metzl, Nicolas – sequence: 9 givenname: Colm surname: Sweeney fullname: Sweeney, Colm – sequence: 10 givenname: Taro surname: Takahashi fullname: Takahashi, Taro – sequence: 11 givenname: Bronte surname: Tilbrook fullname: Tilbrook, Bronte – sequence: 12 givenname: Rik surname: Wanninkhof fullname: Wanninkhof, Rik |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26359401$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://hal.science/hal-01200529$$DView record in HAL |
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| Snippet | Several studies have suggested that the carbon sink in the Southern Ocean—the ocean's strongest region for the uptake of anthropogenic CO2—has weakened in... Has global warming slowed the uptake of atmospheric CO 2 by the Southern Ocean? Landschützer et al. say no (see the Perspective by Fletcher). Previous work... Several studies have suggested that the carbon sink in the Southern Ocean-the ocean's strongest region for the uptake of anthropogenic CO2 -has weakened in... Has global warming slowed the uptake of atmospheric CO2 by the Southern Ocean? Landschützer et al. say no (see the Perspective by Fletcher). Previous work... Uptake uptickHas global warming slowed the uptake of atmospheric CO2 by the Southern Ocean? Landschuetzer et al. say no (see the Perspective by Fletcher).... Several studies have suggested that the carbon sink in the Southern Ocean—the ocean’s strongest region for the uptake of anthropogenic CO2 —has weakened in... |
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| SubjectTerms | Acidity Air temperature Antarctic Regions Anthropogenic factors Atmosphere - chemistry Atmospheric circulation Atmospherics Carbon Carbon cycle Carbon dioxide Carbon Dioxide - chemistry Carbon Sequestration Carbon sinks Climate change Computer Simulation Dynamics Global warming Neural Networks (Computer) Ocean, Atmosphere Oceanography Oceans Oceans and Seas Sciences of the Universe Seawater - chemistry Southern Ocean Strength Surface temperature Uptakes |
| Title | The reinvigoration of the Southern Ocean carbon sink |
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