Where do roots take up water? Neutron radiography of water flow into the roots of transpiring plants growing in soil

Where and how fast does water flow from soil into roots? The answer to this question requires direct and in situ measurement of local flow of water into roots of transpiring plants growing in soil. We used neutron radiography to trace the transport of deuterated water (D2O) in lupin (Lupinus albus)...

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Published inThe New phytologist Vol. 199; no. 4; pp. 1034 - 1044
Main Authors Zarebanadkouki, Mohsen, Kim, Yangmin X., Carminati, Andrea
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England New Phytologist Trust 01.09.2013
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Subjects
Aluminium
Aluminum
axial water flux
Biological Transport
Conductivity
Containers
Convection
deuterated water (D2O)
Deuteration
Deuterium Oxide - metabolism
Diffusion
diffusional permeability
In situ measurement
Local flow
Lupins
Lupinus - cytology
Lupinus - growth & development
Lupinus - physiology
Lupinus albus
Lupinus albus (lupin)
Models, Biological
Neutron Diffraction
Neutron flux
Neutron radiography
Neutrons
Plant roots
Plant Roots - cytology
Plant Roots - physiology
Plant Transpiration - physiology
Plants
radial water flux
Radiography
Root tips
root water uptake
Roots
Sand soils
Sandy soils
Segments
Soil
Soil hydraulic properties
Soil layers
Soil water
tap roots
Transport
Uptake
Water
Water - physiology
Water flow
Water immersion
Water uptake
diffusional permeability
Lupinus albus (lupin)
root water uptake
axial water flux
neutron radiography
radial water flux
deuterated water (D2O)
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Abstract Where and how fast does water flow from soil into roots? The answer to this question requires direct and in situ measurement of local flow of water into roots of transpiring plants growing in soil. We used neutron radiography to trace the transport of deuterated water (D2O) in lupin (Lupinus albus) roots. Lupins were grown in aluminum containers (30 × 25 × 1 cm) filled with sandy soil. D2O was injected in different soil regions and its transport in soil and roots was monitored by neutron radiography. The transport of water into roots was then quantified using a convection–diffusion model of D2O transport into roots. The results showed that water uptake was not uniform along roots. Water uptake was higher in the upper soil layers than in the lower ones. Along an individual root, the radial flux was higher in the proximal segments than in the distal segments. In lupins, most of the water uptake occurred in lateral roots. The function of the taproot was to collect water from laterals and transport it to the shoot. This function is ensured by a low radial conductivity and a high axial conductivity. Lupin root architecture seems well designed to take up water from deep soil layers.
AbstractList Where and how fast does water flow from soil into roots? The answer to this question requires direct and in situ measurement of local flow of water into roots of transpiring plants growing in soil. We used neutron radiography to trace the transport of deuterated water (D₂O) in lupin (Lupinus albus) roots. Lupins were grown in aluminum containers (30 × 25 × 1 cm) filled with sandy soil. D₂O was injected in different soil regions and its transport in soil and roots was monitored by neutron radiography. The transport of water into roots was then quantified using a convection-diffusion model of D₂O transport into roots. The results showed that water uptake was not uniform along roots. Water uptake was higher in the upper soil layers than in the lower ones. Along an individual root, the radial flux was higher in the proximal segments than in the distal segments. In lupins, most of the water uptake occurred in lateral roots. The function of the taproot was to collect water from laterals and transport it to the shoot. This function is ensured by a low radial conductivity and a high axial conductivity. Lupin root architecture seems well designed to take up water from deep soil layers.
Where and how fast does water flow from soil into roots? The answer to this question requires direct and in situ measurement of local flow of water into roots of transpiring plants growing in soil. We used neutron radiography to trace the transport of deuterated water (D₂O) in lupin (Lupinus albus) roots. Lupins were grown in aluminum containers (30 × 25 × 1 cm) filled with sandy soil. D₂O was injected in different soil regions and its transport in soil and roots was monitored by neutron radiography. The transport of water into roots was then quantified using a convection-diffusion model of D₂O transport into roots. The results showed that water uptake was not uniform along roots. Water uptake was higher in the upper soil layers than in the lower ones. Along an individual root, the radial flux was higher in the proximal segments than in the distal segments. In lupins, most of the water uptake occurred in lateral roots. The function of the taproot was to collect water from laterals and transport it to the shoot. This function is ensured by a low radial conductivity and a high axial conductivity. Lupin root architecture seems well designed to take up water from deep soil layers.Where and how fast does water flow from soil into roots? The answer to this question requires direct and in situ measurement of local flow of water into roots of transpiring plants growing in soil. We used neutron radiography to trace the transport of deuterated water (D₂O) in lupin (Lupinus albus) roots. Lupins were grown in aluminum containers (30 × 25 × 1 cm) filled with sandy soil. D₂O was injected in different soil regions and its transport in soil and roots was monitored by neutron radiography. The transport of water into roots was then quantified using a convection-diffusion model of D₂O transport into roots. The results showed that water uptake was not uniform along roots. Water uptake was higher in the upper soil layers than in the lower ones. Along an individual root, the radial flux was higher in the proximal segments than in the distal segments. In lupins, most of the water uptake occurred in lateral roots. The function of the taproot was to collect water from laterals and transport it to the shoot. This function is ensured by a low radial conductivity and a high axial conductivity. Lupin root architecture seems well designed to take up water from deep soil layers.
Where and how fast does water flow from soil into roots? The answer to this question requires direct and in situ measurement of local flow of water into roots of transpiring plants growing in soil. We used neutron radiography to trace the transport of deuterated water ( D 2 O ) in lupin ( L upinus albus ) roots. Lupins were grown in aluminum containers (30 × 25 × 1 cm) filled with sandy soil. D 2 O was injected in different soil regions and its transport in soil and roots was monitored by neutron radiography. The transport of water into roots was then quantified using a convection–diffusion model of D 2 O transport into roots. The results showed that water uptake was not uniform along roots. Water uptake was higher in the upper soil layers than in the lower ones. Along an individual root, the radial flux was higher in the proximal segments than in the distal segments. In lupins, most of the water uptake occurred in lateral roots. The function of the taproot was to collect water from laterals and transport it to the shoot. This function is ensured by a low radial conductivity and a high axial conductivity. Lupin root architecture seems well designed to take up water from deep soil layers.
Where and how fast does water flow from soil into roots? The answer to this question requires direct and in situ measurement of local flow of water into roots of transpiring plants growing in soil.We used neutron radiography to trace the transport of deuterated water (D2O) in lupin (Lupinus albus) roots. Lupins were grown in aluminum containers (30 × 25 × 1 cm) filled with sandy soil. D2O was injected in different soil regions and its transport in soil and roots was monitored by neutron radiography. The transport of water into roots was then quantified using a convection–diffusion model of D2O transport into roots.The results showed that water uptake was not uniform along roots. Water uptake was higher in the upper soil layers than in the lower ones. Along an individual root, the radial flux was higher in the proximal segments than in the distal segments.In lupins, most of the water uptake occurred in lateral roots. The function of the taproot was to collect water from laterals and transport it to the shoot. This function is ensured by a low radial conductivity and a high axial conductivity. Lupin root architecture seems well designed to take up water from deep soil layers.
Where and how fast does water flow from soil into roots? The answer to this question requires direct and in situ measurement of local flow of water into roots of transpiring plants growing in soil. We used neutron radiography to trace the transport of deuterated water (D2O) in lupin (Lupinus albus) roots. Lupins were grown in aluminum containers (30 × 25 × 1 cm) filled with sandy soil. D2O was injected in different soil regions and its transport in soil and roots was monitored by neutron radiography. The transport of water into roots was then quantified using a convection–diffusion model of D2O transport into roots. The results showed that water uptake was not uniform along roots. Water uptake was higher in the upper soil layers than in the lower ones. Along an individual root, the radial flux was higher in the proximal segments than in the distal segments. In lupins, most of the water uptake occurred in lateral roots. The function of the taproot was to collect water from laterals and transport it to the shoot. This function is ensured by a low radial conductivity and a high axial conductivity. Lupin root architecture seems well designed to take up water from deep soil layers.
Summary Where and how fast does water flow from soil into roots? The answer to this question requires direct and in situ measurement of local flow of water into roots of transpiring plants growing in soil. We used neutron radiography to trace the transport of deuterated water (D2O) in lupin (Lupinus albus) roots. Lupins were grown in aluminum containers (30 × 25 × 1 cm) filled with sandy soil. D2O was injected in different soil regions and its transport in soil and roots was monitored by neutron radiography. The transport of water into roots was then quantified using a convection–diffusion model of D2O transport into roots. The results showed that water uptake was not uniform along roots. Water uptake was higher in the upper soil layers than in the lower ones. Along an individual root, the radial flux was higher in the proximal segments than in the distal segments. In lupins, most of the water uptake occurred in lateral roots. The function of the taproot was to collect water from laterals and transport it to the shoot. This function is ensured by a low radial conductivity and a high axial conductivity. Lupin root architecture seems well designed to take up water from deep soil layers.
Where and how fast does water flow from soil into roots? The answer to this question requires direct and in situ measurement of local flow of water into roots of transpiring plants growing in soil.We used neutron radiography to trace the transport of deuterated water (D2O) in lupin (Lupinus albus) roots. Lupins were grown in aluminum containers (30 25 1 cm) filled with sandy soil. D2O was injected in different soil regions and its transport in soil and roots was monitored by neutron radiography. The transport of water into roots was then quantified using a convection-diffusion model of D2O transport into roots.The results showed that water uptake was not uniform along roots. Water uptake was higher in the upper soil layers than in the lower ones. Along an individual root, the radial flux was higher in the proximal segments than in the distal segments.In lupins, most of the water uptake occurred in lateral roots. The function of the taproot was to collect water from laterals and transport it to the shoot. This function is ensured by a low radial conductivity and a high axial conductivity. Lupin root architecture seems well designed to take up water from deep soil layers.
Summary Where and how fast does water flow from soil into roots? The answer to this question requires direct and in situ measurement of local flow of water into roots of transpiring plants growing in soil. We used neutron radiography to trace the transport of deuterated water (D2O) in lupin (Lupinus albus) roots. Lupins were grown in aluminum containers (30 × 25 × 1 cm) filled with sandy soil. D2O was injected in different soil regions and its transport in soil and roots was monitored by neutron radiography. The transport of water into roots was then quantified using a convection-diffusion model of D2O transport into roots. The results showed that water uptake was not uniform along roots. Water uptake was higher in the upper soil layers than in the lower ones. Along an individual root, the radial flux was higher in the proximal segments than in the distal segments. In lupins, most of the water uptake occurred in lateral roots. The function of the taproot was to collect water from laterals and transport it to the shoot. This function is ensured by a low radial conductivity and a high axial conductivity. Lupin root architecture seems well designed to take up water from deep soil layers. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Author Mohsen Zarebanadkouki
Andrea Carminati
Yangmin X. Kim
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Mohsen
  surname: Zarebanadkouki
  fullname: Zarebanadkouki, Mohsen
  organization: Georg August University of Göttingen
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Yangmin X.
  surname: Kim
  fullname: Kim, Yangmin X.
  organization: Georg August University of Göttingen
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Andrea
  surname: Carminati
  fullname: Carminati, Andrea
  organization: Georg August University of Göttingen
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23692148$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 4
Keywords diffusional permeability
Lupinus albus (lupin)
root water uptake
axial water flux
neutron radiography
radial water flux
deuterated water (D2O)
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References 2010; 12
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Snippet Where and how fast does water flow from soil into roots? The answer to this question requires direct and in situ measurement of local flow of water into roots...
Summary Where and how fast does water flow from soil into roots? The answer to this question requires direct and in situ measurement of local flow of water...
Where and how fast does water flow from soil into roots? The answer to this question requires direct and in situ measurement of local flow of water into roots...
Summary Where and how fast does water flow from soil into roots? The answer to this question requires direct and in situ measurement of local flow of water...
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StartPage 1034
SubjectTerms Aluminium
Aluminum
axial water flux
Biological Transport
Conductivity
Containers
Convection
deuterated water (D2O)
Deuteration
Deuterium Oxide - metabolism
Diffusion
diffusional permeability
In situ measurement
Local flow
Lupins
Lupinus - cytology
Lupinus - growth & development
Lupinus - physiology
Lupinus albus
Lupinus albus (lupin)
Models, Biological
Neutron Diffraction
Neutron flux
Neutron radiography
Neutrons
Plant roots
Plant Roots - cytology
Plant Roots - physiology
Plant Transpiration - physiology
Plants
radial water flux
Radiography
Root tips
root water uptake
Roots
Sand soils
Sandy soils
Segments
Soil
Soil hydraulic properties
Soil layers
Soil water
tap roots
Transport
Uptake
Water
Water - physiology
Water flow
Water immersion
Water uptake
Title Where do roots take up water? Neutron radiography of water flow into the roots of transpiring plants growing in soil
URI https://www.jstor.org/stable/newphytologist.199.4.1034
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fnph.12330
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Volume 199
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