The Invasion and Encapsulation of the Entomopathogenic Nematode, Steinernema abbasi, in Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Larvae

The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is of crucial concern to the public and veterinary health because of its vector role in transmission of several mosquito-borne diseases. Over the past decades, entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have been used to control important agricultural insect pests...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inInsects (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 11; no. 12; p. 832
Main Authors Liu, Wei-Ting, Chen, Tien-Lai, Hou, Roger F., Chen, Cheng-Chen, Tu, Wu-Chun
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 26.11.2020
MDPI
Subjects
Aedes albopictus
Agricultural management
Aquatic insects
Biological control
biological control agents
cecum
Culicidae
defense reaction
Disease transmission
Encapsulation
Encephalitis
Entomopathogenic nematodes
Hemocoel
infection
Infections
insect larvae
insect pests
Insecticides
Insects
instars
Laboratories
Larvae
melanization
Microscopy
mortality
mosquito-borne diseases
Mosquitoes
mouth
Nematodes
objectives
Pest control
Pests
pupae
Sodium
Steinernema
Steinernema abbasi
Vector-borne diseases
Viruses
West Nile virus
United States > US
Japan
Germany
Taiwan
encapsulation
Aedes albopictus
Steinernema abbasi
defense reaction
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Abstract The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is of crucial concern to the public and veterinary health because of its vector role in transmission of several mosquito-borne diseases. Over the past decades, entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have been used to control important agricultural insect pests and are considered to be effective against mosquitoes as well. The objectives of this study were to investigate the mosquitocidal effects of Steinernema abbasi to Ae. albopictus and the encapsulation processes of invading nematodes in the mosquito host. In this study, we found that S. abbasi was pathogenic to 3rd and 4th instar larvae of Ae. albopictus by entering the hemocoel of the 3rd and 4th instar larvae mainly through mouth and gastric caecum or by penetrating pupae through the intersegmental membrane or trumpet. The mosquito larvae infected with a single nematode caused a high mortality. Although EPNs in the hemocoel of mosquitoes were melanized and encapsulated, most Ae. albopictus larvae failed to survive after infection with S. abbasi. Overall, we demonstrated that S. abbasi is pathogenic to Ae. albopictus larvae, suggesting that this S. abbasi isolate has potential as a biocontrol agent for managing this vector mosquito.
AbstractList The Asian tiger mosquito, , is of crucial concern to the public and veterinary health because of its vector role in transmission of several mosquito-borne diseases. Over the past decades, entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have been used to control important agricultural insect pests and are considered to be effective against mosquitoes as well. The objectives of this study were to investigate the mosquitocidal effects of to and the encapsulation processes of invading nematodes in the mosquito host. In this study, we found that was pathogenic to 3rd and 4th instar larvae of by entering the hemocoel of the 3rd and 4th instar larvae mainly through mouth and gastric caecum or by penetrating pupae through the intersegmental membrane or trumpet. The mosquito larvae infected with a single nematode caused a high mortality. Although EPNs in the hemocoel of mosquitoes were melanized and encapsulated, most larvae failed to survive after infection with . Overall, we demonstrated that is pathogenic to larvae, suggesting that this isolate has potential as a biocontrol agent for managing this vector mosquito.
The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is of crucial concern to the public and veterinary health because of its vector role in transmission of several mosquito-borne diseases. Over the past decades, entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have been used to control important agricultural insect pests and are considered to be effective against mosquitoes as well. The objectives of this study were to investigate the mosquitocidal effects of Steinernema abbasi to Ae. albopictus and the encapsulation processes of invading nematodes in the mosquito host. In this study, we found that S. abbasi was pathogenic to 3rd and 4th instar larvae of Ae. albopictus by entering the hemocoel of the 3rd and 4th instar larvae mainly through mouth and gastric caecum or by penetrating pupae through the intersegmental membrane or trumpet. The mosquito larvae infected with a single nematode caused a high mortality. Although EPNs in the hemocoel of mosquitoes were melanized and encapsulated, most Ae. albopictus larvae failed to survive after infection with S. abbasi. Overall, we demonstrated that S. abbasi is pathogenic to Ae. albopictus larvae, suggesting that this S. abbasi isolate has potential as a biocontrol agent for managing this vector mosquito.
The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is of crucial concern to the public and veterinary health because of its vector role in transmission of several mosquito-borne diseases. Over the past decades, entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have been used to control important agricultural insect pests and are considered to be effective against mosquitoes as well. The objectives of this study were to investigate the mosquitocidal effects of Steinernema abbasi to Ae. albopictus and the encapsulation processes of invading nematodes in the mosquito host. In this study, we found that S. abbasi was pathogenic to 3rd and 4th instar larvae of Ae. albopictus by entering the hemocoel of the 3rd and 4th instar larvae mainly through mouth and gastric caecum or by penetrating pupae through the intersegmental membrane or trumpet. The mosquito larvae infected with a single nematode caused a high mortality. Although EPNs in the hemocoel of mosquitoes were melanized and encapsulated, most Ae. albopictus larvae failed to survive after infection with S. abbasi. Overall, we demonstrated that S. abbasi is pathogenic to Ae. albopictus larvae, suggesting that this S. abbasi isolate has potential as a biocontrol agent for managing this vector mosquito.The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is of crucial concern to the public and veterinary health because of its vector role in transmission of several mosquito-borne diseases. Over the past decades, entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have been used to control important agricultural insect pests and are considered to be effective against mosquitoes as well. The objectives of this study were to investigate the mosquitocidal effects of Steinernema abbasi to Ae. albopictus and the encapsulation processes of invading nematodes in the mosquito host. In this study, we found that S. abbasi was pathogenic to 3rd and 4th instar larvae of Ae. albopictus by entering the hemocoel of the 3rd and 4th instar larvae mainly through mouth and gastric caecum or by penetrating pupae through the intersegmental membrane or trumpet. The mosquito larvae infected with a single nematode caused a high mortality. Although EPNs in the hemocoel of mosquitoes were melanized and encapsulated, most Ae. albopictus larvae failed to survive after infection with S. abbasi. Overall, we demonstrated that S. abbasi is pathogenic to Ae. albopictus larvae, suggesting that this S. abbasi isolate has potential as a biocontrol agent for managing this vector mosquito.
Author Chen, Tien-Lai
Tu, Wu-Chun
Liu, Wei-Ting
Hou, Roger F.
Chen, Cheng-Chen
AuthorAffiliation 2 Department of Tropical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; mosquito@ym.edu.tw
1 Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; wtliu@dragon.nchu.edu.tw (W.-T.L.); daycome@alumni.nchu.edu.tw (T.-L.C.); rhou@dragon.nchu.edu.tw (R.F.H.)
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; wtliu@dragon.nchu.edu.tw (W.-T.L.); daycome@alumni.nchu.edu.tw (T.-L.C.); rhou@dragon.nchu.edu.tw (R.F.H.)
– name: 2 Department of Tropical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; mosquito@ym.edu.tw
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Wei-Ting
  orcidid: 0000-0001-8669-0310
  surname: Liu
  fullname: Liu, Wei-Ting
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Tien-Lai
  surname: Chen
  fullname: Chen, Tien-Lai
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Roger F.
  surname: Hou
  fullname: Hou, Roger F.
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Cheng-Chen
  surname: Chen
  fullname: Chen, Cheng-Chen
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Wu-Chun
  surname: Tu
  fullname: Tu, Wu-Chun
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33255905$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNqNks1rFDEYhwep2A979iYBLy10bT4mM4kHoayrLix6sJ7DO0lmN8tsMk0yC979w53tttIuCOaS8OZ5H96E32lx5IO3RfGG4PeMSXztfLI6J0IIxYLRF8UJxTWflCXHR0_Ox8V5Sms8ropQUolXxTFjlHOJ-Unx-3Zl0dxvIbngEXiDZl5Dn4YO8q4SWpRHYuZz2IQe8iosrXcafbMbyMHYK_QjW-dt9GMBQdOMoivkPLqxxiYEXRN6p_OQ0MUn12cb4QOaDp3TzoC9RAuIW7Cvi5ctdMmeP-xnxc_Ps9vp18ni-5f59GYx0ZziPLFMAJEUNDBdC0Nx0wjdGtlKVkojtShZZUSloQLekBYkN6Rs63bkBWhes7NivveaAGvVR7eB-EsFcOq-EOJSQcxOd1ZVvDHE6LYEiUtKCUiChdbYCAlt1ZrR9XHv6odmY422Pkfonkmf33i3UsuwVXVdYcrFKLh4EMRwN9iU1cYlbbsOvA1DUrSUgjLBMfsPtKowq-pyZ313gK7DEP34qzuKC0ol3wnfPh3-79SPuRgBvgd0DClF2yrt8n0ixre4ThGsdhFUBxEc-64P-h7V_-r4A8AQ4RE
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_022_08605_2
crossref_primary_10_1111_imm_13390
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10526_024_10292_z
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actatropica_2022_106318
crossref_primary_10_1186_s41938_022_00503_z
crossref_primary_10_1002_arch_22152
crossref_primary_10_2478_helm_2024_0028
crossref_primary_10_1186_s41938_023_00662_7
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_isci_2022_104478
crossref_primary_10_1186_s41938_022_00579_7
crossref_primary_10_3390_biology11111658
crossref_primary_10_17159_2254_8854_2022_a11687
crossref_primary_10_3390_insects15120955
Cites_doi 10.1155/2015/706276
10.1017/S003118200004573X
10.1016/j.jip.2008.04.002
10.1007/BF02372182
10.1006/jipa.1995.1074
10.21307/jofnem-2018-024
10.3390/insects9020072
10.1186/1756-3305-6-280
10.1086/321993
10.1139/z62-102
10.3390/insects11010060
10.4103/2221-1691.221134
10.1186/1756-3305-7-59
10.1371/journal.pntd.0005294
10.21307/jofnem-2019-050
10.18311/jbc/2019/23512
10.1007/s00005-014-0324-8
10.1126/science.1321985
10.1007/BF02374386
10.1006/jipa.1994.1031
10.3725/jjn.37.51
10.1016/0022-2011(82)90063-5
10.1016/j.exppara.2018.11.001
10.1080/09583157.2016.1278200
10.1016/j.ijid.2017.11.026
10.1016/0022-2011(77)90175-6
10.1017/S0031182098002595
10.1016/j.pt.2013.07.003
10.1098/rstb.2012.0429
10.1016/0022-2011(71)90152-2
10.1016/0022-1910(77)90027-0
10.1016/0020-7519(85)90028-1
10.1186/s13071-016-1491-8
10.1163/187529282X00402
10.1016/0014-4894(83)90019-X
10.1371/journal.pntd.0001015
10.1006/jipa.2000.4997
10.1016/S0022-2011(03)00079-X
10.7705/biomedica.v37i0.3470
10.1371/journal.ppat.1002527
10.1371/journal.pone.0195681
10.14411/eje.2017.067
10.1163/156854100508872
10.4161/viru.25906
10.7554/eLife.08347
10.1186/s12936-019-2858-z
10.1186/s41938-019-0181-1
10.1016/j.jip.2019.03.010
10.1016/j.dci.2015.12.006
10.1079/9781786390004.0000
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2020. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
2020 by the authors. 2020
Copyright_xml – notice: 2020. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
– notice: 2020 by the authors. 2020
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
NPM
3V.
7SS
7X2
8FE
8FH
8FK
ABUWG
AEUYN
AFKRA
ATCPS
AZQEC
BBNVY
BENPR
BHPHI
CCPQU
DWQXO
GNUQQ
HCIFZ
LK8
M0K
M7P
PATMY
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PKEHL
PQEST
PQGLB
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PYCSY
7X8
7S9
L.6
5PM
DOA
DOI 10.3390/insects11120832
DatabaseName CrossRef
PubMed
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)
Agricultural Science Collection
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest One Sustainability
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection
ProQuest Central Essentials
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central
Natural Science Collection
ProQuest One
ProQuest Central Korea
ProQuest Central Student
SciTech Premium Collection
Biological Sciences
Agricultural Science Database
Biological Science Database
Environmental Science Database
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic (New)
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
Environmental Science Collection
MEDLINE - Academic
AGRICOLA
AGRICOLA - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
PubMed
Agricultural Science Database
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Central Student
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Sustainability
Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central Korea
Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest Biological Science Collection
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
Agricultural Science Collection
Biological Science Database
ProQuest SciTech Collection
Environmental Science Collection
Entomology Abstracts
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
Environmental Science Database
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
AGRICOLA
AGRICOLA - Academic
DatabaseTitleList PubMed
AGRICOLA

CrossRef
Agricultural Science Database
MEDLINE - Academic
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 3
  dbid: BENPR
  name: ProQuest Central
  url: https://www.proquest.com/central
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Zoology
EISSN 2075-4450
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_65bd1dcf4a904221a9108cc0d89af6fd
PMC7760258
33255905
10_3390_insects11120832
Genre Journal Article
GeographicLocations United States--US
Japan
Germany
Taiwan
GeographicLocations_xml – name: Taiwan
– name: Germany
– name: United States--US
– name: Japan
GroupedDBID 53G
5VS
7X2
7XC
8FE
8FH
AADQD
AAFWJ
AAHBH
AAYXX
ABDBF
ACUHS
AEUYN
AFKRA
AFPKN
AFZYC
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
APEBS
ATCPS
BBNVY
BENPR
BHPHI
CCPQU
CITATION
EAD
EAP
EPL
ESX
GROUPED_DOAJ
HCIFZ
HYE
KQ8
LK8
M0K
M48
M7P
MODMG
M~E
OK1
PATMY
PGMZT
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PROAC
PYCSY
RPM
TUS
NPM
3V.
7SS
8FK
ABUWG
AZQEC
DWQXO
GNUQQ
PKEHL
PQEST
PQGLB
PQQKQ
PQUKI
7X8
7S9
L.6
5PM
PUEGO
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c520t-e38a192aca3c78d20bb8cfd9f9349d9c8436d86ca6a5b1fa95d14f7fca38ac573
IEDL.DBID BENPR
ISSN 2075-4450
IngestDate Wed Aug 27 01:30:42 EDT 2025
Thu Aug 21 18:33:09 EDT 2025
Fri Jul 11 14:21:31 EDT 2025
Thu Jul 10 23:49:39 EDT 2025
Fri Jul 25 12:05:28 EDT 2025
Thu Jan 02 22:41:22 EST 2025
Tue Jul 01 00:15:01 EDT 2025
Thu Apr 24 23:10:09 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 12
Keywords encapsulation
Aedes albopictus
Steinernema abbasi
defense reaction
Language English
License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c520t-e38a192aca3c78d20bb8cfd9f9349d9c8436d86ca6a5b1fa95d14f7fca38ac573
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
content type line 23
Present address: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
Contributed equally to this paper.
ORCID 0000-0001-8669-0310
OpenAccessLink https://www.proquest.com/docview/2465822953?pq-origsite=%requestingapplication%
PMID 33255905
PQID 2465822953
PQPubID 2032383
ParticipantIDs doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_65bd1dcf4a904221a9108cc0d89af6fd
pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_7760258
proquest_miscellaneous_2498238503
proquest_miscellaneous_2466036748
proquest_journals_2465822953
pubmed_primary_33255905
crossref_citationtrail_10_3390_insects11120832
crossref_primary_10_3390_insects11120832
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 20201126
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2020-11-26
PublicationDate_xml – month: 11
  year: 2020
  text: 20201126
  day: 26
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace Switzerland
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Switzerland
– name: Basel
PublicationTitle Insects (Basel, Switzerland)
PublicationTitleAlternate Insects
PublicationYear 2020
Publisher MDPI AG
MDPI
Publisher_xml – name: MDPI AG
– name: MDPI
References Peters (ref_57) 1994; 69
Sardelis (ref_6) 2002; 18
Poinar (ref_56) 2012; 44
Dilipkumar (ref_50) 2019; 197
ref_10
ref_54
Burnell (ref_27) 2000; 2
Browne (ref_63) 2013; 4
ref_17
Schmit (ref_61) 1977; 23
Kampen (ref_33) 2014; 7
Beresky (ref_45) 1977; 29
Liao (ref_44) 2001; 77
Grewal (ref_30) 2001; 30
Silva (ref_41) 2019; 51
Liu (ref_64) 1998; 116
Elawad (ref_66) 1997; 20
Vitta (ref_52) 2018; 8
Hussaini (ref_71) 2000; 30
Bedding (ref_25) 1982; 28
Ulvedal (ref_43) 2017; 37
Welch (ref_46) 1962; 40
Tsai (ref_51) 2008; 99
Peschiutta (ref_39) 2014; 73
ref_20
Walsh (ref_55) 2003; 83
Leta (ref_2) 2018; 67
Yoshida (ref_69) 2007; 37
Chareonviriyaphap (ref_12) 2013; 6
ref_29
Hazir (ref_22) 2003; 27
ref_28
Sunanda (ref_72) 2012; 42
Selvan (ref_58) 1995; 66
Poinar (ref_36) 1982; 39
Mitchell (ref_5) 1992; 257
Sharmila (ref_31) 2018; 6
Bonizzoni (ref_3) 2013; 29
Kraemer (ref_1) 2015; 4
Getachew (ref_34) 2015; 2015
Dadd (ref_47) 1971; 18
Abate (ref_16) 2017; 27
Poinar (ref_26) 1990; 13
Molta (ref_37) 1989; 34
Nagesh (ref_70) 2019; 33
Neelakanta (ref_9) 2015; 63
ref_32
Edmunds (ref_42) 2017; 114
Fenton (ref_48) 2001; 158
Chaudhary (ref_49) 2017; 5
(ref_8) 2012; 3
Dolinski (ref_19) 2019; 165
Lushchak (ref_14) 2018; 17
Hillyer (ref_60) 2016; 58
Chen (ref_59) 1985; 15
Barreaux (ref_65) 2016; 9
Agumba (ref_11) 2019; 18
Gaugler (ref_53) 1983; 28
David (ref_13) 2013; 368
Scott (ref_4) 1990; 6
(ref_18) 2019; 29
Han (ref_23) 2012; 44
Zohdy (ref_38) 2013; 3
Cagnolo (ref_40) 2010; 69
Bedding (ref_24) 1983; 55
Vey (ref_62) 1974; 68
Aasha (ref_67) 2019; 7
Sunanda (ref_68) 2009; 23
Lacey (ref_15) 2012; 44
Caoili (ref_21) 2018; 50
ref_7
Dom (ref_35) 2016; 3
References_xml – volume: 2015
  start-page: 706276
  year: 2015
  ident: ref_34
  article-title: Breeding sites of Aedes aegypti: Potential dengue vectors in Dire Dawa, east Ethiopia
  publication-title: Interdiscip. Perspect. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.1155/2015/706276
– volume: 5
  start-page: 865
  year: 2017
  ident: ref_49
  article-title: Antagonistic potential of Steinernema kraussei and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora against dengue fever mosquito Aedes aegypti
  publication-title: J. Entomol. Zool. Stud.
– volume: 20
  start-page: 435
  year: 1997
  ident: ref_66
  article-title: Steinernema abbasi sp. n. (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) from the Sultanate of Oman
  publication-title: Fundam. Appl. Nematol.
– volume: 3
  start-page: 2529
  year: 2016
  ident: ref_35
  article-title: Water quality characteristics of dengue vectors breeding containers
  publication-title: Int. J. Mosq. Res.
– volume: 68
  start-page: 193
  year: 1974
  ident: ref_62
  article-title: Humoral encapsulation in Diptera (Insecta): Defense reactions of Chironomus larvae against fungi
  publication-title: Parasitology
  doi: 10.1017/S003118200004573X
– volume: 99
  start-page: 242
  year: 2008
  ident: ref_51
  article-title: The bacterium associated with the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema abbasi (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) isolated from Taiwan
  publication-title: J. Invertebr. Pathol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2008.04.002
– volume: 28
  start-page: 309
  year: 1983
  ident: ref_53
  article-title: Assessment of Bacillus thuringiensis serotype 14 and Steinernema feltiae [Nematoda: Steinernematidae] for control of the Simulium vectors of onchocerciasis in Mexico
  publication-title: Entomophaga
  doi: 10.1007/BF02372182
– volume: 66
  start-page: 125
  year: 1995
  ident: ref_58
  article-title: Role of proteases in penetration of insect gut by the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema glaseri (Nematoda: Steinernematidae)
  publication-title: J. Invertebr. Pathol.
  doi: 10.1006/jipa.1995.1074
– volume: 50
  start-page: 99
  year: 2018
  ident: ref_21
  article-title: Molecular identification of entomopathogenic nematode isolates from the philippines and their biological control potential against lepidopteran pests of corn
  publication-title: J. Nematol.
  doi: 10.21307/jofnem-2018-024
– ident: ref_17
  doi: 10.3390/insects9020072
– volume: 6
  start-page: 280
  year: 2013
  ident: ref_12
  article-title: Review of insecticide resistance and behavioral avoidance of vectors of human diseases in Thailand
  publication-title: Parasites Vectors
  doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-6-280
– volume: 158
  start-page: 408
  year: 2001
  ident: ref_48
  article-title: Evaluating the efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes for the biological control of crop pests: A nonequilibrium approach
  publication-title: Am. Nat.
  doi: 10.1086/321993
– volume: 23
  start-page: 185
  year: 2009
  ident: ref_68
  article-title: Effect of temperature on the life cycle of entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema abbasi and Heterorhabditis indica
  publication-title: J. Biol. Control.
– volume: 40
  start-page: 1263
  year: 1962
  ident: ref_46
  article-title: Parasitism of mosquito larvae by the nematode, DD136 (Nematoda: Neoaplectanidae)
  publication-title: Can. J. Zool.
  doi: 10.1139/z62-102
– ident: ref_28
  doi: 10.3390/insects11010060
– volume: 73
  start-page: 99
  year: 2014
  ident: ref_39
  article-title: Susceptibilidad de larvas de Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Culicidae) al nematodo entomopatógeno Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae)
  publication-title: Rev. Soc. Entomol. Argent.
– volume: 8
  start-page: 31
  year: 2018
  ident: ref_52
  article-title: Larvicidal activity of Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus bacteria against Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus
  publication-title: Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed.
  doi: 10.4103/2221-1691.221134
– volume: 7
  start-page: 59
  year: 2014
  ident: ref_33
  article-title: Out of the bush: The asian bush mosquito Aedes japonicus japonicus (Theobald, 1901) (Diptera, Culicidae) becomes invasive
  publication-title: Parasites Vectors
  doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-59
– ident: ref_7
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005294
– volume: 51
  start-page: 1
  year: 2019
  ident: ref_41
  article-title: Efficacy of Heterorhabdits indica LPP35 against Aedes aegypti in domiciliary oviposition sites
  publication-title: J. Nematol.
  doi: 10.21307/jofnem-2019-050
– volume: 33
  start-page: 36
  year: 2019
  ident: ref_70
  article-title: Variability in foraging behaviour, thermal requirement and virulence of entomopathogenic nematodes against sod webworm, Herpetogramma phaeopteralis Gueneè (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
  publication-title: J. Biol. Control.
  doi: 10.18311/jbc/2019/23512
– volume: 63
  start-page: 169
  year: 2015
  ident: ref_9
  article-title: Transmission-blocking vaccines: Focus on anti-vector vaccines against tick-borne diseases
  publication-title: Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp.
  doi: 10.1007/s00005-014-0324-8
– volume: 257
  start-page: 526
  year: 1992
  ident: ref_5
  article-title: Isolation of eastern equine encephalitis virus from Aedes albopictus in Florida
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.1321985
– volume: 6
  start-page: 1310
  year: 2018
  ident: ref_31
  article-title: Host range of entomopathogenic nematodes
  publication-title: J. Entomol. Zool. Stud.
– volume: 34
  start-page: 485
  year: 1989
  ident: ref_37
  article-title: Dose- and time-response assessments of Heterorhabditis heliothidis and Steinernema feltiae [Nem.: Rhabitida] against Aedes aegypti larvae
  publication-title: Entomophaga
  doi: 10.1007/BF02374386
– volume: 69
  start-page: 163
  year: 1994
  ident: ref_57
  article-title: Susceptibility of leather jackets (Tipula paludosa and T. oleracea, Tipulidae: Nematocera) to the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae
  publication-title: J. Invertebr. Pathol.
  doi: 10.1006/jipa.1994.1031
– volume: 44
  start-page: 153
  year: 2012
  ident: ref_56
  article-title: History of entomopathogenic nematology
  publication-title: J. Nematol.
– volume: 37
  start-page: 51
  year: 2007
  ident: ref_69
  article-title: A new distribution record of Steinernema abbasi Elawad, Ahmad and Reid, 1997 (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) in Japan with a note on its pathogenicity against the turnip moth larvae, Agrotis segetum (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
  publication-title: Jpn. J. Nematol.
  doi: 10.3725/jjn.37.51
– volume: 39
  start-page: 382
  year: 1982
  ident: ref_36
  article-title: Parasitism of the mosquito Culex pipiens by the nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora
  publication-title: J. Invertebr. Pathol.
  doi: 10.1016/0022-2011(82)90063-5
– volume: 197
  start-page: 76
  year: 2019
  ident: ref_50
  article-title: Isolation and growth inhibition potential of entomopathogenic nematodes against three public health important mosquito vectors
  publication-title: Exp. Parasitol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2018.11.001
– volume: 27
  start-page: 149
  year: 2017
  ident: ref_16
  article-title: Commercialisation of entomopathogenic nematodes: Should import regulations be revised?
  publication-title: Biocontrol. Sci. Technol.
  doi: 10.1080/09583157.2016.1278200
– volume: 67
  start-page: 25
  year: 2018
  ident: ref_2
  article-title: Global risk mapping for major diseases transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus
  publication-title: Int. J. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.11.026
– volume: 29
  start-page: 74
  year: 1977
  ident: ref_45
  article-title: The influence of phenylthiourea on encapsulation, melanization, and survival in larvae of the mosquito Aedes aegypti parasitized by the nematode Neoaplectana carpocapsae
  publication-title: J. Invertebr. Pathol.
  doi: 10.1016/0022-2011(77)90175-6
– volume: 116
  start-page: 511
  year: 1998
  ident: ref_64
  article-title: Formation of basement membrane-like structure terminates the cellular encapsulation of microfilariae in the haemocoel of Anopheles quadrimaculatus
  publication-title: Parasitology
  doi: 10.1017/S0031182098002595
– volume: 17
  start-page: 1101
  year: 2018
  ident: ref_14
  article-title: Pesticide toxicity: A mechanistic approach
  publication-title: EXCLI J.
– volume: 3
  start-page: 196
  year: 2012
  ident: ref_8
  article-title: Heartworm disease (Dirofilaria immitis) and their vectors in Europe—New distribution trends
  publication-title: Front. Physiol.
– volume: 29
  start-page: 460
  year: 2013
  ident: ref_3
  article-title: The invasive mosquito species Aedes albopictus: Current knowledge and future perspectives
  publication-title: Trends Parasitol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2013.07.003
– volume: 368
  start-page: 20120429
  year: 2013
  ident: ref_13
  article-title: Role of cytochrome P450s in insecticide resistance: Impact on the control of mosquito-borne diseases and use of insecticides on Earth
  publication-title: Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci.
  doi: 10.1098/rstb.2012.0429
– volume: 18
  start-page: 246
  year: 1971
  ident: ref_47
  article-title: Size limitations on the infectibility of mosquito larvae by nematodes during filter-feed
  publication-title: J. Invertebr. Pathol.
  doi: 10.1016/0022-2011(71)90152-2
– volume: 23
  start-page: 175
  year: 1977
  ident: ref_61
  article-title: The encapsulation of foreign tissue implants in Galleria mellonella larvae
  publication-title: J. Insect. Physiol.
  doi: 10.1016/0022-1910(77)90027-0
– volume: 15
  start-page: 421
  year: 1985
  ident: ref_59
  article-title: An ultrastructural study on the encapsultion of microfilaria of Brugia pahangi in the haemocoel of Anopheles quadrimaculatus
  publication-title: Int. J. Parasitol.
  doi: 10.1016/0020-7519(85)90028-1
– volume: 18
  start-page: 284
  year: 2002
  ident: ref_6
  article-title: Vector competence of three north American strains of Aedes albopictus for West Nile virus
  publication-title: J. Am. Mosq. Control. Assoc.
– volume: 42
  start-page: 17
  year: 2012
  ident: ref_72
  article-title: Effect of temperature on longevity of entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema abbasi and Heterorhabditis indica
  publication-title: Indian J. Nematol.
– volume: 9
  start-page: 210
  year: 2016
  ident: ref_65
  article-title: Overloading the immunity of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae with multiple immune challenges
  publication-title: Parasites Vectors
  doi: 10.1186/s13071-016-1491-8
– volume: 28
  start-page: 354
  year: 1982
  ident: ref_25
  article-title: Penetration of insect cuticle by infective juveniles of Heterorhabditis spp. (Heterorhabditidae: Nematoda)
  publication-title: Nematologica
  doi: 10.1163/187529282X00402
– volume: 3
  start-page: 33
  year: 2013
  ident: ref_38
  article-title: Efficacy of the Steinernematid and Heterorhabditid nematodes for controlling the mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae)
  publication-title: J. Mosq. Res.
– volume: 44
  start-page: 206
  year: 2012
  ident: ref_23
  article-title: Entomopathogenic nematode production and application technology
  publication-title: J. Nematol.
– volume: 27
  start-page: 181
  year: 2003
  ident: ref_22
  article-title: Entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) for biological control of soil pests
  publication-title: Turk. J. Biol.
– volume: 55
  start-page: 249
  year: 1983
  ident: ref_24
  article-title: Heterorhabditis spp., Neoaplectana spp., and Steinernema kraussei: Interspecific and intraspecific differences in infectivity for insects
  publication-title: Exp. Parasitol.
  doi: 10.1016/0014-4894(83)90019-X
– ident: ref_32
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001015
– volume: 77
  start-page: 78
  year: 2001
  ident: ref_44
  article-title: A new isolate of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema abbasi (Nematoda: Steinernematidae), from Taiwan
  publication-title: J. Invertebr. Pathol.
  doi: 10.1006/jipa.2000.4997
– volume: 30
  start-page: 231
  year: 2000
  ident: ref_71
  article-title: Storage effects on activity of native Steinernema and Heterorhabditis spp.
  publication-title: Indian J. Nematol.
– ident: ref_54
– volume: 13
  start-page: 387
  year: 1990
  ident: ref_26
  article-title: Characterization and field application of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora strain HP88 (Heterorhabditidae: Rhabditida)
  publication-title: Revue Nématol.
– volume: 83
  start-page: 118
  year: 2003
  ident: ref_55
  article-title: Interaction of microbial populations in Steinernema (Steinernematidae, Nematoda) infected Galleria mellonella larvae
  publication-title: J. Invertebr. Pathol.
  doi: 10.1016/S0022-2011(03)00079-X
– volume: 37
  start-page: 67
  year: 2017
  ident: ref_43
  article-title: Ensayos de sensibilidad de larvas de Aedes aegypti y Culex quinquefasciatus frente al nematodo Heterorhabditis bacteriophora en condiciones de laboratorio
  publication-title: Biomédica
  doi: 10.7705/biomedica.v37i0.3470
– volume: 6
  start-page: 274
  year: 1990
  ident: ref_4
  article-title: Susceptibility of Aedes albopictus to infection with eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus
  publication-title: J. Am. Mosq. Control. Assoc.
– volume: 30
  start-page: 191
  year: 2001
  ident: ref_30
  article-title: Entomopathogenic nematodes: Potential for exploration and use in south America
  publication-title: Neotrop. Entomol.
– ident: ref_29
  doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002527
– ident: ref_10
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195681
– volume: 114
  start-page: 526
  year: 2017
  ident: ref_42
  article-title: Susceptibility of Chironomus plumosus larvae (Diptera: Chironomidae) to entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae): Potential for control
  publication-title: Eur. J. Entomol.
  doi: 10.14411/eje.2017.067
– volume: 44
  start-page: 218
  year: 2012
  ident: ref_15
  article-title: Entomopathogenic nematodes for control of insect pests above and below ground with comments on commercial production
  publication-title: J. Nematol.
– volume: 2
  start-page: 31
  year: 2000
  ident: ref_27
  article-title: Heterorhabditis, Steinernema and their bacterial symbionts-lethal pathogens of insects
  publication-title: Nematology
  doi: 10.1163/156854100508872
– volume: 4
  start-page: 597
  year: 2013
  ident: ref_63
  article-title: An analysis of the structural and functional similarities of insect hemocytes and mammalian phagocytes
  publication-title: Virulence
  doi: 10.4161/viru.25906
– volume: 4
  start-page: e08347
  year: 2015
  ident: ref_1
  article-title: The global distribution of the arbovirus vectors Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus
  publication-title: Elife
  doi: 10.7554/eLife.08347
– volume: 18
  start-page: 243
  year: 2019
  ident: ref_11
  article-title: Diagnostic dose determination and efficacy of chlorfenapyr and clothianidin insecticides against Anopheles malaria vector populations of western Kenya
  publication-title: Malar. J.
  doi: 10.1186/s12936-019-2858-z
– volume: 29
  start-page: 77
  year: 2019
  ident: ref_18
  article-title: Towards optimization of entomopathogenic nematodes for more service in the biological control of insect pests
  publication-title: Egypt. J. Biol. Pest. Control.
  doi: 10.1186/s41938-019-0181-1
– volume: 165
  start-page: 22
  year: 2019
  ident: ref_19
  article-title: Entomopathogenic nematology in Latin America: A brief history, current research and future prospects
  publication-title: J. Invertebr. Pathol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2019.03.010
– volume: 69
  start-page: 141
  year: 2010
  ident: ref_40
  article-title: Capacity of the terrestrial entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema rarum (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) to parasite Culex apicinus larvae (Diptera: Culicidae)
  publication-title: Rev. Soc. Entomol. Argent.
– volume: 58
  start-page: 102
  year: 2016
  ident: ref_60
  article-title: Insect immunology and hematopoiesis
  publication-title: Dev. Comp. Immunol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.12.006
– volume: 7
  start-page: 954
  year: 2019
  ident: ref_67
  article-title: Notes on Steinernema abbasi (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) strains and virulence tests against lepidopteran and coleopterans pests
  publication-title: J. Entomol. Zool. Stud.
– ident: ref_20
  doi: 10.1079/9781786390004.0000
SSID ssj0000612168
Score 2.2661421
Snippet The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is of crucial concern to the public and veterinary health because of its vector role in transmission of several...
The Asian tiger mosquito, , is of crucial concern to the public and veterinary health because of its vector role in transmission of several mosquito-borne...
SourceID doaj
pubmedcentral
proquest
pubmed
crossref
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
StartPage 832
SubjectTerms Aedes albopictus
Agricultural management
Aquatic insects
Biological control
biological control agents
cecum
Culicidae
defense reaction
Disease transmission
Encapsulation
Encephalitis
Entomopathogenic nematodes
Hemocoel
infection
Infections
insect larvae
insect pests
Insecticides
Insects
instars
Laboratories
Larvae
melanization
Microscopy
mortality
mosquito-borne diseases
Mosquitoes
mouth
Nematodes
objectives
Pest control
Pests
pupae
Sodium
Steinernema
Steinernema abbasi
Vector-borne diseases
Viruses
West Nile virus
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  dbid: DOA
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Lb9QwELZQJSQuiDcLBRmJQ5EaGj_i2NxKaVUQ9AKVKi7R-CUiLU61m-UX8MMZJ-lqt-Jx4WpPItsz9nzjTL4h5CUvgTsleBGMrwvJylhYDqbQEGSMVgWl8o_Cn87U6bn8cFFdbJT6yjlhIz3wuHAHqrKeeRclmExXxQD9m3au9NpAVNHn0xd93kYwNZ7BjDOlRy4fgXH9QZuWOT0CtzZH1MG33NDA1v87iHk9U3LD9ZzcIbcnzEgPx7HeJTdCukdufu2GG_H75Ceqmr5PPyBffFFInh4nBxj9jmlutIsUUR429t33Llcg7tBoWkfPMl1r58M-_ZxLXoZFwgYKFh1bu0_bRA-DD0sKc9tdtq5fLeneOzxhwgLe0KPVvHWth_CKfszVhcIDcn5y_OXotJiKKxSu4mVfBKEB0R04EK7WnpfWahe9iUZI443TUiivlQMFlWURTOWZjHVEeQ2uqsVDspO6FB4TamN0FkyQTBvpeTSORSYy1CkttzLMyOurtW7cxDyeC2DMG4xAsnKaa8qZkb31A5cj6cafRd9m5a3FMlv20IA21Ew21PzLhmZk90r1zbSFlw2XCM5ysXMxIy_W3bj58hcVSKFbDTIKIUAt9d9kjEZcVJX4nkejNa1HK0SO6MpqRuotO9uaznZPar8NJOB1rRCu6if_Y_5PyS2erxEYK7jaJTv9YhWeIdbq7fNhW_0C15AtBg
  priority: 102
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– databaseName: Scholars Portal Journals: Open Access
  dbid: M48
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1Lb9QwELZQERIXxJuFgozEoUhNiR3HsZEQKqVVQbQXWKniEo1fEGlxyj4Q3PnhjJPswlZLr_Y4cjwznm8c5xtCnvEcuJUFz7x2VSZYHjLDQWcKvAjBSC9l-lH45FQej8X7s_LsbzmgYQFnG1O7VE9qPJ3s_fz-6zU6_KuUcWLK_qKJs3TzAb2WI6DA_fgqhqUqeenJgPX7bZlxJlVP77Np3Fpk6gj8N6HOi5cn_4lGRzfJjQFG0v1e77fIFR9vk2uf2-6Q_A75jdqn7-IPSGdhFKKjh9ECJsT9zTfaBorADxvn7bc2FSVu0Y4aS08Tg2vr_C79mKpg-mnEBgoGY12zS5tI973zMwoT0543dr6Y0Z23uOn4KbykB4tJYxsH_jn9kAoO-btkfHT46eA4G-otZLbk-TzzhQIEfGChsJVyPDdG2eB00IXQTlslCumUtCChNCyALh0ToQoor8CWVXGPbMU2-geEmhCsAe0FU1o4HrRlgRUJ_eSGG-FHZG-51rUdyMhTTYxJjUlJUk59QTkjsrMacN7zcPxf9E1S3kosEWh3De30Sz34Yy1L45izQYBOLGgMEDYpa3OnNAQZ3IhsL1VfL42y5gLxWqp_XozI01U3-mP6yALRt4tORiIqqIS6TEYrhEpljs-531vTarZFkZK8vByRas3O1l5nvSc2Xzte8KqSiGDVw8un_ohc5-nMgLGMy22yNZ8u_GMEVnPzpHOYP6aVJ6o
  priority: 102
  providerName: Scholars Portal
Title The Invasion and Encapsulation of the Entomopathogenic Nematode, Steinernema abbasi, in Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Larvae
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33255905
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2465822953
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2466036748
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2498238503
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7760258
https://doaj.org/article/65bd1dcf4a904221a9108cc0d89af6fd
Volume 11
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1Lb9QwELagFRIXxJuFUhmJQ5EaGj_i2FxQW7YqiK4QUKniEvkJkRZ72Qe_gB_OOJtd2Ap6ycGeRE5mxvPNeDKD0HNaamoFo4VXri44KUNhqFaF1J6HYIQXIv8ofDYSp-f83UV10QfcZn1a5WpP7DZql2yOkR9QDrYy955mryc_itw1Kp-u9i00rqNt2IIlOF_bR8PRh4_rKEs24ETIZU0fBv79QRtnOU0CVJwC-qAb5qir2v8vqHk5Y_IvE3RyG93qsSM-XDL7Drrm411040vqIuP30C9gOX4bf-ocAMM6OjyMVoMXvEx3wylgQHswOE_fU-5EnEB4WotHuWxrcn4ff8qtL_00wgDWBgxcu4_biA-98zOsxyZNWjtfzPDeG9hp_FS_wseLcWtbp_0L_D53GfL30fnJ8PPxadE3WShsRct54ZnUgPK01czW0tHSGGmDU0ExrpyykjPhpLBa6MqQoFXlCA91AHqpbVWzB2grpugfIWxCsEYrz4lU3NGgLAmEZchTGmq4H6CXq2_d2L4CeW6EMW7AE8nMaS4xZ4D21jdMlsU3_k96lJm3JstVs7uBNP3a9ErYiMo44mzgWuXSZ0QDVpLWlk4qHURwA7SzYn3Tq_Ks-SN4A_RsPQ1KmE9WdPRp0dEIgAI1l1fRKAn4qCrhOQ-X0rReLWPZsyurAao35GzjdTZnYvutKwZe1wJgq3x89dKfoJs0BwoIKajYQVvz6cI_BTQ1N7u9yux20Qi4nnH5G05uJvg
linkProvider ProQuest
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lb9QwELZKKwQXxJuFAkYCqUgNTWzHsZEQ6mOrLt2uELRSxSX4CZGWZNkHiDu_h9_IOMkubAW99WpPLMczHn8e2_Mh9JTEihhOSeSkzSKWxD7SRMlIKMe819xxHh4KHw34wQl7c5qerqBf87cw4Vrl3CfWjtpWJsTItwiDtTJwT9PXo69RYI0Kp6tzCo3GLA7dj--wZZu86u2Bfp8Rst893j2IWlaByKQknkaOCgWwRhlFTSYsibUWxlvpJWXSSiMY5VZwo7hKdeKVTG3CfOZBXiiTZhTavYTWQCoGR7C20x28fbeI6gTAkHDR5BCiVMZbRTkJ1zLApRBAO2Rp-atZAv4Fbc_e0Pxrydu_jq61WBVvN8Z1A6248ia6_KGqI_G30E8wMdwrv6kQcMOqtLhbGgW77uZ6Ha48BnQJhdPqSxWYjysw1sLgQUgTW1m3id8Hqk03LqEAKw0LarGJixJvO-smWA11NSrMdDbBG3vg2dxYvcS7s2FhCqvcc9wPrEbuNjq5kOG_g1bLqnT3ENbeG62kY4mQzBIvTeITGiBWrIlmroNezMc6N23G80C8Mcxh5xOUk59RTgdtLD4YNck-_i-6E5S3EAtZuuuCavwpbyd9zlNtE2s8UzKkWksUYDNhTGyFVJ5720Hrc9XnreuY5H8MvYOeLKph0oeTHFW6albLcIAeGRPnyUgBeCyNoZ27jTUtektp2EnGaQdlS3a29DvLNWXxuU4-nmUcYLK4f37XH6MrB8dH_bzfGxw-QFdJCFIkSUT4OlqdjmfuISC5qX7UTh-MPl70jP0NxxNjyA
linkToPdf http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3db9MwELdGJxAviG8KA4wE0pAWmtiOYyMhtK2rVjaqCTZp4iX4EyKVpPQDxDt_FX8d5zQtdIK97dW5WE7ufP7d5XI_hJ6SWBHDKYmctFnEkthHmigZCeWY95o7zsOPwm8HfP-EvTlNT9fQr8W_MKGscuETa0dtKxNy5B3C4KwM3NO045uyiKNu7_XoaxQYpMKX1gWdxtxEDtyP7xC-TV71u6DrZ4T09o5396OGYSAyKYmnkaNCAcRRRlGTCUtirYXxVnpJmbTSCEa5FdworlKdeCVTmzCfeZAXyqQZhXkvofUMoqK4hdZ39gZH75YZngAeEi7m_YQolXGnKCehRAPcCwHkQ1aOwpox4F8w92y15l_HX-86utbgVrw9N7QbaM2VN9HlD1Wdlb-FfoK54X75TYXkG1alxXulURCBz0vtcOUxIE0YnFZfqsCCXIHhFgYPQsvYyrot_D7QbrpxCQNYaThciy1clHjbWTfBaqirUWGmswne7IKXc2P1Eu_OhoUprHLP8WFgOHK30cmFvP47qFVWpbuHsPbeaCUdS4RklnhpEp_QALdiTTRzbfRi8a5z03Q_DyQcwxyioKCc_Ixy2mhzecNo3vjj_6I7QXlLsdCxux6oxp_yxgHkPNU2scYzJUPbtUQBThPGxFZI5bm3bbSxUH3euJFJ_sfo2-jJ8jI4gPBVR5WumtUyHGBIxsR5MlIANktjmOfu3JqWq6U0RJVx2kbZip2tPM7qlbL4XDcizzIOkFncP3_pj9EV2Kn5YX9w8ABdJSFfkSQR4RuoNR3P3EMAdVP9qNk9GH286A37G_geZ_0
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Invasion+and+Encapsulation+of+the+Entomopathogenic+Nematode%2C+Steinernema+abbasi%2C+in+Aedes+albopictus+%28Diptera%3A+Culicidae%29+Larvae&rft.jtitle=Insects+%28Basel%2C+Switzerland%29&rft.date=2020-11-26&rft.pub=MDPI+AG&rft.eissn=2075-4450&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=832&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390%2Finsects11120832&rft.externalDBID=HAS_PDF_LINK
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2075-4450&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2075-4450&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2075-4450&client=summon