Alzheimer’s Disease: A Suitable Case for Treatment with Precision Medicine?
Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of neurodegenerative impairment in elderly people. Clinical characteristics include short-term memory loss, confusion, hallucination, agitation, and behavioral disturbance. Owing to evolving research in biomarkers, AD can be discovered at ea...
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| Published in | Medical principles and practice Vol. 33; no. 4; pp. 301 - 309 |
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| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Basel, Switzerland
S. Karger AG
01.08.2024
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1011-7571 1423-0151 1423-0151 |
| DOI | 10.1159/000538251 |
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| Abstract | Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of neurodegenerative impairment in elderly people. Clinical characteristics include short-term memory loss, confusion, hallucination, agitation, and behavioral disturbance. Owing to evolving research in biomarkers, AD can be discovered at early onset, but the disease is currently considered a continuum, which suggests that pharmacotherapy is most efficacious in the preclinical phase, possibly 15–20 years before discernible onset. Present developments in AD therapy aim to respond to this understanding and go beyond the drug families that relieve clinical symptoms. Another important factor in this development is the emergence of precision medicine that aims to tailor treatment to specific patients or patient subgroups. This relatively new platform would categorize AD patients on the basis of parameters like clinical aspects, brain imaging, genetic profiling, clinical genetics, and epidemiological factors. This review enlarges on recent progress in the design and clinical use of antisense molecules, antibodies, antioxidants, small molecules, and gene editing to stop AD progress and possibly reverse the disease on the basis of relevant biomarkers.
Highlights of the StudyThe heterogeneous and multifactorial nature of Alzheimer’s disease needs new therapeutic approaches.Precision medicine aims to tailor treatment to specific patients or patient subgroups.Various tailored approaches, especially genomic editing techniques, represent a promising new therapy for Alzheimer’s disease.It is highly likely that precision medicine is most efficacious at the preclinical stage of Alzheimer’s disease. |
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| AbstractList | Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of neurodegenerative impairment in elderly people. Clinical characteristics include short-term memory loss, confusion, hallucination, agitation, and behavioural disturbance. Owing to evolving research in biomarkers AD can be discovered at early onset, but the disease is currently considered a continuum, which suggests that pharmacotherapy is most efficacious in the preclinical phase, possibly 15 - 20 years before discernible onset. Present developments in AD therapy aim to respond to this understanding and go beyond the drug families that relieve clinical symptoms. Another important factor in this development is the emergence of precision medicine that aims to tailor treatment to specific patients or patient subgroups. This relatively new platform would categorize AD patients on the basis of parameters like clinical aspects, brain imaging, genetic profiling, clinical genetics and epidemiological factors. This review enlarges on recent progress in the design and clinical use of antisense molecules, antibodies, antioxidants, small molecules and gene editing to stop AD progress and possibly reverse the disease on the basis of relevant biomarkers. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of neurodegenerative impairment in elderly people. Clinical characteristics include short-term memory loss, confusion, hallucination, agitation, and behavioral disturbance. Owing to evolving research in biomarkers, AD can be discovered at early onset, but the disease is currently considered a continuum, which suggests that pharmacotherapy is most efficacious in the preclinical phase, possibly 15–20 years before discernible onset. Present developments in AD therapy aim to respond to this understanding and go beyond the drug families that relieve clinical symptoms. Another important factor in this development is the emergence of precision medicine that aims to tailor treatment to specific patients or patient subgroups. This relatively new platform would categorize AD patients on the basis of parameters like clinical aspects, brain imaging, genetic profiling, clinical genetics, and epidemiological factors. This review enlarges on recent progress in the design and clinical use of antisense molecules, antibodies, antioxidants, small molecules, and gene editing to stop AD progress and possibly reverse the disease on the basis of relevant biomarkers. Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of neurodegenerative impairment in elderly people. Clinical characteristics include short-term memory loss, confusion, hallucination, agitation, and behavioral disturbance. Owing to evolving research in biomarkers, AD can be discovered at early onset, but the disease is currently considered a continuum, which suggests that pharmacotherapy is most efficacious in the preclinical phase, possibly 15–20 years before discernible onset. Present developments in AD therapy aim to respond to this understanding and go beyond the drug families that relieve clinical symptoms. Another important factor in this development is the emergence of precision medicine that aims to tailor treatment to specific patients or patient subgroups. This relatively new platform would categorize AD patients on the basis of parameters like clinical aspects, brain imaging, genetic profiling, clinical genetics, and epidemiological factors. This review enlarges on recent progress in the design and clinical use of antisense molecules, antibodies, antioxidants, small molecules, and gene editing to stop AD progress and possibly reverse the disease on the basis of relevant biomarkers. Highlights of the StudyThe heterogeneous and multifactorial nature of Alzheimer’s disease needs new therapeutic approaches.Precision medicine aims to tailor treatment to specific patients or patient subgroups.Various tailored approaches, especially genomic editing techniques, represent a promising new therapy for Alzheimer’s disease.It is highly likely that precision medicine is most efficacious at the preclinical stage of Alzheimer’s disease. To illustrate this, recent research in oncology has identified a drug that can inhibit special functional domains of a protein that is involved in cancer progression [4]. Regarding specific targeting, it is assumed that the ApoE4 protein is not just a risk factor but can open pathways to initiate AD. [...]the targeting of ApoE4 holds promise to improve AD symptoms and, on the longer run, diminish AD occurrence in (sub)groups [29]. At the initial stage of this trial, the dose-dependent study was carried out in different groups, and CSF total tau and p-181 tau were reduced by 60 percent in the higher-dose cohorts and stayed low for 6 months. Toward this goal and to increase the possibility of an efficacious engagement of small molecules with 3D-RNA, medicinal chemistry, including X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, cryo-electron microscopy, and computational molecular technology, has been shown to be indispensable [37, 38]. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of neurodegenerative impairment in elderly people. Clinical characteristics include short-term memory loss, confusion, hallucination, agitation, and behavioural disturbance. Owing to evolving research in biomarkers AD can be discovered at early onset, but the disease is currently considered a continuum, which suggests that pharmacotherapy is most efficacious in the preclinical phase, possibly 15 - 20 years before discernible onset. Present developments in AD therapy aim to respond to this understanding and go beyond the drug families that relieve clinical symptoms. Another important factor in this development is the emergence of precision medicine that aims to tailor treatment to specific patients or patient subgroups. This relatively new platform would categorize AD patients on the basis of parameters like clinical aspects, brain imaging, genetic profiling, clinical genetics and epidemiological factors. This review enlarges on recent progress in the design and clinical use of antisense molecules, antibodies, antioxidants, small molecules and gene editing to stop AD progress and possibly reverse the disease on the basis of relevant biomarkers.Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of neurodegenerative impairment in elderly people. Clinical characteristics include short-term memory loss, confusion, hallucination, agitation, and behavioural disturbance. Owing to evolving research in biomarkers AD can be discovered at early onset, but the disease is currently considered a continuum, which suggests that pharmacotherapy is most efficacious in the preclinical phase, possibly 15 - 20 years before discernible onset. Present developments in AD therapy aim to respond to this understanding and go beyond the drug families that relieve clinical symptoms. Another important factor in this development is the emergence of precision medicine that aims to tailor treatment to specific patients or patient subgroups. This relatively new platform would categorize AD patients on the basis of parameters like clinical aspects, brain imaging, genetic profiling, clinical genetics and epidemiological factors. This review enlarges on recent progress in the design and clinical use of antisense molecules, antibodies, antioxidants, small molecules and gene editing to stop AD progress and possibly reverse the disease on the basis of relevant biomarkers. |
| Author | Pauwels, Ernest K.J. Boer, Gerard J. |
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| Keywords | Antioxidants Antibodies Therapy Small molecules Alzheimer's disease Gene editing |
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| Snippet | Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of neurodegenerative impairment in elderly people. Clinical characteristics include short-term... Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of neurodegenerative impairment in elderly people. Clinical characteristics include short-term memory loss,... Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of neurodegenerative impairment in elderly people. Clinical characteristics include short-term memory loss,... To illustrate this, recent research in oncology has identified a drug that can inhibit special functional domains of a protein that is involved in cancer... |
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| StartPage | 301 |
| SubjectTerms | Alzheimer's disease Apolipoproteins Biomarkers Brain research Cyclin-dependent kinases Design Drug dosages Enzymes Health risk assessment Kinases Lipids Pathogenesis Patients Peptides Precision medicine Proteins Review |
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| Title | Alzheimer’s Disease: A Suitable Case for Treatment with Precision Medicine? |
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