Rice leaf hydrophobicity and gas films are conferred by a wax synthesis gene (LGF1) and contribute to flood tolerance

Floods impede gas (O2 and CO2) exchange between plants and the environment. A mechanism to enhance plant gas exchange under water comprises gas films on hydrophobic leaves, but the genetic regulation of this mechanism is unknown. We used a rice mutant (dripping wet leaf 7, drp7) which does not retai...

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Published inThe New phytologist Vol. 218; no. 4; pp. 1558 - 1569
Main Authors Kurokawa, Yusuke, Nagai, Keisuke, Huan, Phung Danh, Shimazaki, Kousuke, Qu, Huangqi, Mori, Yoshinao, Toda, Yosuke, Kuroha, Takeshi, Hayashi, Nagao, Aiga, Saori, Itoh, Jun‐ichi, Yoshimura, Atsushi, Sasaki‐Sekimoto, Yuko, Ohta, Hiroyuki, Shimojima, Mie, Malik, Al Imran, Pedersen, Ole, Colmer, Timothy David, Ashikari, Motoyuki
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England New Phytologist Trust 01.06.2018
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Subjects
air film
Alcohol
Alcohols
Alleles
Breeding
Carbon dioxide
Complementation
epicuticular waxes
Floods
Gas exchange
Gene expression
Genotypes
Hydrophobicity
Leaves
Oryza sativa
Photosynthesis
Platelets
primary alcohol
Retention
Stability
Submergence
submergence tolerance
superhydrophobic
Underwater
underwater photosynthesis
wax biosynthesis
Waxes
Oryza sativa
air film
underwater photosynthesis
submergence tolerance
epicuticular waxes
wax biosynthesis
primary alcohol
superhydrophobic
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Abstract Floods impede gas (O2 and CO2) exchange between plants and the environment. A mechanism to enhance plant gas exchange under water comprises gas films on hydrophobic leaves, but the genetic regulation of this mechanism is unknown. We used a rice mutant (dripping wet leaf 7, drp7) which does not retain gas films on leaves, and its wild-type (Kinmaze), in gene discovery for this trait. Gene complementation was tested in transgenic lines. Functional properties of leaves as related to gas film retention and underwater photosynthesis were evaluated. Leaf Gas Film 1 (LGF1) was identified as the gene determining leaf gas films. LGF1 regulates C30 primary alcohol synthesis, which is necessary for abundant epicuticular wax platelets, leaf hydrophobicity and gas films on submerged leaves. This trait enhanced underwater photosynthesis 8.2-fold and contributes to submergence tolerance. Gene function was verified by a complementation test of LGF1 expressed in the drp7 mutant background, which restored C30 primary alcohol synthesis, wax platelet abundance, leaf hydrophobicity, gas film retention, and underwater photosynthesis. The discovery of LGF1 provides an opportunity to better understand variation amongst rice genotypes for gas film retention ability and to target various alleles in breeding for improved submergence tolerance for yield stability in flood-prone areas.
AbstractList Floods impede gas (O2 and CO2) exchange between plants and the environment. A mechanism to enhance plant gas exchange under water comprises gas films on hydrophobic leaves, but the genetic regulation of this mechanism is unknown.We used a rice mutant (dripping wet leaf 7, drp7) which does not retain gas films on leaves, and its wild‐type (Kinmaze), in gene discovery for this trait. Gene complementation was tested in transgenic lines. Functional properties of leaves as related to gas film retention and underwater photosynthesis were evaluated.Leaf Gas Film 1 (LGF1) was identified as the gene determining leaf gas films. LGF1 regulates C30 primary alcohol synthesis, which is necessary for abundant epicuticular wax platelets, leaf hydrophobicity and gas films on submerged leaves. This trait enhanced underwater photosynthesis 8.2‐fold and contributes to submergence tolerance. Gene function was verified by a complementation test of LGF1 expressed in the drp7 mutant background, which restored C30 primary alcohol synthesis, wax platelet abundance, leaf hydrophobicity, gas film retention, and underwater photosynthesis.The discovery of LGF1 provides an opportunity to better understand variation amongst rice genotypes for gas film retention ability and to target various alleles in breeding for improved submergence tolerance for yield stability in flood‐prone areas.
Floods impede gas (O and CO ) exchange between plants and the environment. A mechanism to enhance plant gas exchange under water comprises gas films on hydrophobic leaves, but the genetic regulation of this mechanism is unknown. We used a rice mutant (dripping wet leaf 7, drp7) which does not retain gas films on leaves, and its wild-type (Kinmaze), in gene discovery for this trait. Gene complementation was tested in transgenic lines. Functional properties of leaves as related to gas film retention and underwater photosynthesis were evaluated. Leaf Gas Film 1 (LGF1) was identified as the gene determining leaf gas films. LGF1 regulates C30 primary alcohol synthesis, which is necessary for abundant epicuticular wax platelets, leaf hydrophobicity and gas films on submerged leaves. This trait enhanced underwater photosynthesis 8.2-fold and contributes to submergence tolerance. Gene function was verified by a complementation test of LGF1 expressed in the drp7 mutant background, which restored C30 primary alcohol synthesis, wax platelet abundance, leaf hydrophobicity, gas film retention, and underwater photosynthesis. The discovery of LGF1 provides an opportunity to better understand variation amongst rice genotypes for gas film retention ability and to target various alleles in breeding for improved submergence tolerance for yield stability in flood-prone areas.
Floods impede gas (O2 and CO2) exchange between plants and the environment. A mechanism to enhance plant gas exchange under water comprises gas films on hydrophobic leaves, but the genetic regulation of this mechanism is unknown. We used a rice mutant (dripping wet leaf 7, drp7) which does not retain gas films on leaves, and its wild-type (Kinmaze), in gene discovery for this trait. Gene complementation was tested in transgenic lines. Functional properties of leaves as related to gas film retention and underwater photosynthesis were evaluated. Leaf Gas Film 1 (LGF1) was identified as the gene determining leaf gas films. LGF1 regulates C30 primary alcohol synthesis, which is necessary for abundant epicuticular wax platelets, leaf hydrophobicity and gas films on submerged leaves. This trait enhanced underwater photosynthesis 8.2-fold and contributes to submergence tolerance. Gene function was verified by a complementation test of LGF1 expressed in the drp7 mutant background, which restored C30 primary alcohol synthesis, wax platelet abundance, leaf hydrophobicity, gas film retention, and underwater photosynthesis. The discovery of LGF1 provides an opportunity to better understand variation amongst rice genotypes for gas film retention ability and to target various alleles in breeding for improved submergence tolerance for yield stability in flood-prone areas.
Summary Floods impede gas (O2 and CO2) exchange between plants and the environment. A mechanism to enhance plant gas exchange under water comprises gas films on hydrophobic leaves, but the genetic regulation of this mechanism is unknown. We used a rice mutant (dripping wet leaf 7, drp7) which does not retain gas films on leaves, and its wild‐type (Kinmaze), in gene discovery for this trait. Gene complementation was tested in transgenic lines. Functional properties of leaves as related to gas film retention and underwater photosynthesis were evaluated. Leaf Gas Film 1 (LGF1) was identified as the gene determining leaf gas films. LGF1 regulates C30 primary alcohol synthesis, which is necessary for abundant epicuticular wax platelets, leaf hydrophobicity and gas films on submerged leaves. This trait enhanced underwater photosynthesis 8.2‐fold and contributes to submergence tolerance. Gene function was verified by a complementation test of LGF1 expressed in the drp7 mutant background, which restored C30 primary alcohol synthesis, wax platelet abundance, leaf hydrophobicity, gas film retention, and underwater photosynthesis. The discovery of LGF1 provides an opportunity to better understand variation amongst rice genotypes for gas film retention ability and to target various alleles in breeding for improved submergence tolerance for yield stability in flood‐prone areas. See also the Commentary on this article by Ismail, 218: 1298–1300.
Floods impede gas (O 2 and CO 2 ) exchange between plants and the environment. A mechanism to enhance plant gas exchange under water comprises gas films on hydrophobic leaves, but the genetic regulation of this mechanism is unknown. We used a rice mutant ( dripping wet leaf 7 , drp7 ) which does not retain gas films on leaves, and its wild‐type (Kinmaze), in gene discovery for this trait. Gene complementation was tested in transgenic lines. Functional properties of leaves as related to gas film retention and underwater photosynthesis were evaluated. Leaf Gas Film 1 ( LGF 1 ) was identified as the gene determining leaf gas films. LGF 1 regulates C30 primary alcohol synthesis, which is necessary for abundant epicuticular wax platelets, leaf hydrophobicity and gas films on submerged leaves. This trait enhanced underwater photosynthesis 8.2‐fold and contributes to submergence tolerance. Gene function was verified by a complementation test of LGF 1 expressed in the drp7 mutant background, which restored C30 primary alcohol synthesis, wax platelet abundance, leaf hydrophobicity, gas film retention, and underwater photosynthesis. The discovery of LGF 1 provides an opportunity to better understand variation amongst rice genotypes for gas film retention ability and to target various alleles in breeding for improved submergence tolerance for yield stability in flood‐prone areas. See also the Commentary on this article by Ismail, 218 : 1298–1300 .
Author Jun-ichi Itoh
Atsushi Yoshimura
Kousuke Shimazaki
Huangqi Qu
Yosuke Toda
Takeshi Kuroha
Al Imran Malik
Phung Danh Huan
Mie Shimojima
Ole Pedersen
Timothy David Colmer
Motoyuki Ashikari
Keisuke Nagai
Hiroyuki Ohta
Nagao Hayashi
Yusuke Kurokawa
Yoshinao Mori
Yuko Sasaki-Sekimoto
Saori Aiga
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Issue 4
Keywords Oryza sativa
air film
underwater photosynthesis
submergence tolerance
epicuticular waxes
wax biosynthesis
primary alcohol
superhydrophobic
Language English
License 2018 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2018 New Phytologist Trust.
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29738087 - New Phytol. 2018 Jun;218(4):1298-1300
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Snippet Floods impede gas (O2 and CO2) exchange between plants and the environment. A mechanism to enhance plant gas exchange under water comprises gas films on...
Summary Floods impede gas (O2 and CO2) exchange between plants and the environment. A mechanism to enhance plant gas exchange under water comprises gas films...
Floods impede gas (O and CO ) exchange between plants and the environment. A mechanism to enhance plant gas exchange under water comprises gas films on...
Floods impede gas (O 2 and CO 2 ) exchange between plants and the environment. A mechanism to enhance plant gas exchange under water comprises gas films on...
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SubjectTerms air film
Alcohol
Alcohols
Alleles
Breeding
Carbon dioxide
Complementation
epicuticular waxes
Floods
Gas exchange
Gene expression
Genotypes
Hydrophobicity
Leaves
Oryza sativa
Photosynthesis
Platelets
primary alcohol
Retention
Stability
Submergence
submergence tolerance
superhydrophobic
Underwater
underwater photosynthesis
wax biosynthesis
Waxes
Title Rice leaf hydrophobicity and gas films are conferred by a wax synthesis gene (LGF1) and contribute to flood tolerance
URI https://www.jstor.org/stable/90021552
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fnph.15070
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29498045
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