Two Saporin-Containing Immunotoxins Specific for CD20 and CD22 Show Different Behavior in Killing Lymphoma Cells

Immunotoxins (ITs) are hybrid proteins combining the binding specificity of antibodies with the cytocidal properties of toxins. They represent a promising approach to lymphoma therapy. The cytotoxicity of two immunotoxins obtained by chemical conjugation of the plant toxin saporin-S6 with the anti-C...

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Published inToxins Vol. 9; no. 6; p. 182
Main Authors Polito, Letizia, Mercatelli, Daniele, Bortolotti, Massimo, Maiello, Stefania, Djemil, Alice, Battelli, Maria, Bolognesi, Andrea
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI 30.05.2017
MDPI AG
Subjects
Antigens, CD20 - immunology
Antineoplastic Agents - chemistry
Antineoplastic Agents - immunology
Apoptosis - drug effects
B-lymphoma
Catalase - pharmacology
CD20
CD22
Cell Line
Cell Survival - drug effects
Humans
immunotherapy
immunotoxin
Immunotoxins - chemistry
Immunotoxins - pharmacology
Jurkat Cells
Lymphoma - drug therapy
Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 1 - chemistry
Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 1 - pharmacology
ribosome-inactivating proteins
saporin-S6
Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2 - immunology
CD20
saporin-S6
B-lymphoma
immunotherapy
immunotoxin
ribosome-inactivating proteins
CD22
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Abstract Immunotoxins (ITs) are hybrid proteins combining the binding specificity of antibodies with the cytocidal properties of toxins. They represent a promising approach to lymphoma therapy. The cytotoxicity of two immunotoxins obtained by chemical conjugation of the plant toxin saporin-S6 with the anti-CD20 chimeric antibody rituximab and the anti-CD22 murine antibody OM124 were evaluated on the CD20-/CD22-positive cell line Raji. Both ITs showed strong cytotoxicity for Raji cells, but the anti-CD22 IT was two logs more efficient in killing, probably because of its faster internalization. The anti-CD22 IT gave slower but greater caspase activation than the anti-CD20 IT. The cytotoxic effect of both immunotoxins can be partially prevented by either the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD or the necroptosis inhibitor necrostatin-1. Oxidative stress seems to be involved in the cell killing activity of anti-CD20 IT, as demonstrated by the protective role of the H2O2 scavenger catalase, but not in that of anti-CD22 IT. Moreover, the IT toxicity can be augmented by the contemporary administration of other chemotherapeutic drugs, such as PS-341, MG-132, and fludarabine. These results contribute to the understanding of the immunotoxin mechanism of action that is required for their clinical use, either alone or in combination with other drugs.
AbstractList Immunotoxins (ITs) are hybrid proteins combining the binding specificity of antibodies with the cytocidal properties of toxins. They represent a promising approach to lymphoma therapy. The cytotoxicity of two immunotoxins obtained by chemical conjugation of the plant toxin saporin-S6 with the anti-CD20 chimeric antibody rituximab and the anti-CD22 murine antibody OM124 were evaluated on the CD20-/CD22-positive cell line Raji. Both ITs showed strong cytotoxicity for Raji cells, but the anti-CD22 IT was two logs more efficient in killing, probably because of its faster internalization. The anti-CD22 IT gave slower but greater caspase activation than the anti-CD20 IT. The cytotoxic effect of both immunotoxins can be partially prevented by either the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD or the necroptosis inhibitor necrostatin-1. Oxidative stress seems to be involved in the cell killing activity of anti-CD20 IT, as demonstrated by the protective role of the H2O2 scavenger catalase, but not in that of anti-CD22 IT. Moreover, the IT toxicity can be augmented by the contemporary administration of other chemotherapeutic drugs, such as PS-341, MG-132, and fludarabine. These results contribute to the understanding of the immunotoxin mechanism of action that is required for their clinical use, either alone or in combination with other drugs.
Immunotoxins (ITs) are hybrid proteins combining the binding specificity of antibodies with the cytocidal properties of toxins. They represent a promising approach to lymphoma therapy. The cytotoxicity of two immunotoxins obtained by chemical conjugation of the plant toxin saporin-S6 with the anti-CD20 chimeric antibody rituximab and the anti-CD22 murine antibody OM124 were evaluated on the CD20-/CD22-positive cell line Raji. Both ITs showed strong cytotoxicity for Raji cells, but the anti-CD22 IT was two logs more efficient in killing, probably because of its faster internalization. The anti-CD22 IT gave slower but greater caspase activation than the anti-CD20 IT. The cytotoxic effect of both immunotoxins can be partially prevented by either the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD or the necroptosis inhibitor necrostatin-1. Oxidative stress seems to be involved in the cell killing activity of anti-CD20 IT, as demonstrated by the protective role of the H 2 O 2 scavenger catalase, but not in that of anti-CD22 IT. Moreover, the IT toxicity can be augmented by the contemporary administration of other chemotherapeutic drugs, such as PS-341, MG-132, and fludarabine. These results contribute to the understanding of the immunotoxin mechanism of action that is required for their clinical use, either alone or in combination with other drugs.
Immunotoxins (ITs) are hybrid proteins combining the binding specificity of antibodies with the cytocidal properties of toxins. They represent a promising approach to lymphoma therapy. The cytotoxicity of two immunotoxins obtained by chemical conjugation of the plant toxin saporin-S6 with the anti-CD20 chimeric antibody rituximab and the anti-CD22 murine antibody OM124 were evaluated on the CD20-/CD22-positive cell line Raji. Both ITs showed strong cytotoxicity for Raji cells, but the anti-CD22 IT was two logs more efficient in killing, probably because of its faster internalization. The anti-CD22 IT gave slower but greater caspase activation than the anti-CD20 IT. The cytotoxic effect of both immunotoxins can be partially prevented by either the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD or the necroptosis inhibitor necrostatin-1. Oxidative stress seems to be involved in the cell killing activity of anti-CD20 IT, as demonstrated by the protective role of the H₂O₂ scavenger catalase, but not in that of anti-CD22 IT. Moreover, the IT toxicity can be augmented by the contemporary administration of other chemotherapeutic drugs, such as PS-341, MG-132, and fludarabine. These results contribute to the understanding of the immunotoxin mechanism of action that is required for their clinical use, either alone or in combination with other drugs.
Immunotoxins (ITs) are hybrid proteins combining the binding specificity of antibodies with the cytocidal properties of toxins. They represent a promising approach to lymphoma therapy. The cytotoxicity of two immunotoxins obtained by chemical conjugation of the plant toxin saporin-S6 with the anti-CD20 chimeric antibody rituximab and the anti-CD22 murine antibody OM124 were evaluated on the CD20-/CD22-positive cell line Raji. Both ITs showed strong cytotoxicity for Raji cells, but the anti-CD22 IT was two logs more efficient in killing, probably because of its faster internalization. The anti-CD22 IT gave slower but greater caspase activation than the anti-CD20 IT. The cytotoxic effect of both immunotoxins can be partially prevented by either the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD or the necroptosis inhibitor necrostatin-1. Oxidative stress seems to be involved in the cell killing activity of anti-CD20 IT, as demonstrated by the protective role of the H₂O₂ scavenger catalase, but not in that of anti-CD22 IT. Moreover, the IT toxicity can be augmented by the contemporary administration of other chemotherapeutic drugs, such as PS-341, MG-132, and fludarabine. These results contribute to the understanding of the immunotoxin mechanism of action that is required for their clinical use, either alone or in combination with other drugs.Immunotoxins (ITs) are hybrid proteins combining the binding specificity of antibodies with the cytocidal properties of toxins. They represent a promising approach to lymphoma therapy. The cytotoxicity of two immunotoxins obtained by chemical conjugation of the plant toxin saporin-S6 with the anti-CD20 chimeric antibody rituximab and the anti-CD22 murine antibody OM124 were evaluated on the CD20-/CD22-positive cell line Raji. Both ITs showed strong cytotoxicity for Raji cells, but the anti-CD22 IT was two logs more efficient in killing, probably because of its faster internalization. The anti-CD22 IT gave slower but greater caspase activation than the anti-CD20 IT. The cytotoxic effect of both immunotoxins can be partially prevented by either the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD or the necroptosis inhibitor necrostatin-1. Oxidative stress seems to be involved in the cell killing activity of anti-CD20 IT, as demonstrated by the protective role of the H₂O₂ scavenger catalase, but not in that of anti-CD22 IT. Moreover, the IT toxicity can be augmented by the contemporary administration of other chemotherapeutic drugs, such as PS-341, MG-132, and fludarabine. These results contribute to the understanding of the immunotoxin mechanism of action that is required for their clinical use, either alone or in combination with other drugs.
Author Bolognesi, Andrea
Polito, Letizia
Mercatelli, Daniele
Bortolotti, Massimo
Djemil, Alice
Maiello, Stefania
Battelli, Maria
AuthorAffiliation Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES, General Pathology Section, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 14, 40126 Bologna, Italy; danielemercatelli@gmail.com (D.M.); massimo.bortolotti2@unibo.it (M.B.); stefania.maiello2@unibo.it (S.M.); alice.djemil2@unibo.it (A.D.); mariagiulia.battelli@unibo.it (M.G.B.); andrea.bolognesi@unibo.it (A.B.)
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES, General Pathology Section, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 14, 40126 Bologna, Italy; danielemercatelli@gmail.com (D.M.); massimo.bortolotti2@unibo.it (M.B.); stefania.maiello2@unibo.it (S.M.); alice.djemil2@unibo.it (A.D.); mariagiulia.battelli@unibo.it (M.G.B.); andrea.bolognesi@unibo.it (A.B.)
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28556822$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords CD20
saporin-S6
B-lymphoma
immunotherapy
immunotoxin
ribosome-inactivating proteins
CD22
Language English
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These authors contributed equally to this work.
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Snippet Immunotoxins (ITs) are hybrid proteins combining the binding specificity of antibodies with the cytocidal properties of toxins. They represent a promising...
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StartPage 182
SubjectTerms Antigens, CD20 - immunology
Antineoplastic Agents - chemistry
Antineoplastic Agents - immunology
Apoptosis - drug effects
B-lymphoma
Catalase - pharmacology
CD20
CD22
Cell Line
Cell Survival - drug effects
Humans
immunotherapy
immunotoxin
Immunotoxins - chemistry
Immunotoxins - pharmacology
Jurkat Cells
Lymphoma - drug therapy
Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 1 - chemistry
Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 1 - pharmacology
ribosome-inactivating proteins
saporin-S6
Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2 - immunology
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Title Two Saporin-Containing Immunotoxins Specific for CD20 and CD22 Show Different Behavior in Killing Lymphoma Cells
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