Impact of In Utero Exposure to Malaria on Fetal T Cell Immunity

Pregnancy-associated malaria, including placental malaria, causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recently, it has been suggested that in utero exposure of the fetus to malaria antigens may negatively impact the developing immune system and result in tolerance to malaria. Here, we rev...

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Published inTrends in molecular medicine Vol. 22; no. 10; pp. 877 - 888
Main Authors Odorizzi, Pamela M, Feeney, Margaret E
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Ltd 01.10.2016
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Abstract Pregnancy-associated malaria, including placental malaria, causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recently, it has been suggested that in utero exposure of the fetus to malaria antigens may negatively impact the developing immune system and result in tolerance to malaria. Here, we review our current knowledge of fetal immunity to malaria, focusing on the dynamic interactions between maternal malaria infection, placental development, and the fetal immune system. A better understanding of the long-term impact of in utero malaria exposure on the development of natural immunity to malaria, immune responses to other childhood pathogens, and vaccine immunogenicity is urgently needed. This may guide the implementation of novel chemoprevention strategies during pregnancy and facilitate the push toward malaria vaccines.
AbstractList Pregnancy-associated malaria, including placental malaria, causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recently, it has been suggested that in utero exposure of the fetus to malaria antigens may negatively impact the developing immune system and result in tolerance to malaria. Here, we review our current knowledge of fetal immunity to malaria, focusing on the dynamic interactions between maternal malaria infection, placental development, and the fetal immune system. A better understanding of the long-term impact of in utero malaria exposure on the development of natural immunity to malaria, immune responses to other childhood pathogens, and vaccine immunogenicity is urgently needed. This may guide the implementation of novel chemoprevention strategies during pregnancy and facilitate the push toward malaria vaccines.
Pregnancy-associated malaria, including placental malaria, causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recently, it has been suggested that in utero exposure of the fetus to malaria antigens may negatively impact the developing immune system and result in tolerance to malaria. Here, we review our current knowledge of fetal immunity to malaria, focusing on the dynamic interactions between maternal malaria infection, placental development, and the fetal immune system. A better understanding of the long-term impact of in utero malaria exposure on the development of natural immunity to malaria, immune responses to other childhood pathogens, and vaccine immunogenicity is urgently needed. This may guide the implementation of novel chemoprevention strategies during pregnancy and facilitate the push toward malaria vaccines. Fetal T cells are uniquely predisposed towards tolerance, including regulatory T cell differentiation and attenuated inflammatory cytokine production. Recent evidence suggests that robust effector T cell responses can be mounted during fetal life. Although the fetal microenvironment has traditionally been regarded as sterile, microbes and pathogens can disrupt the maternal–fetal interface and impact fetal development and immunity. Pregnancy-associated malaria, including placental malaria, may lead to priming of regulatory and effector T cell responses in utero. Novel interventions, including artemisinin-based chemoprevention, may enable prevention of malaria during pregnancy.
Pregnancy-associated malaria, including placental malaria, causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recently, it has been suggested that in utero exposure of the fetus to malaria antigens may negatively impact the developing immune system and result in tolerance to malaria. Here, we review our current knowledge of fetal immunity to malaria, focusing on the dynamic interactions between maternal malaria infection, placental development and the fetal immune system. A better understanding of the long-term impact of in utero malaria exposure on the development of natural immunity to malaria, immune responses to other childhood pathogens, and vaccine immunogenicity is urgently needed. This may guide the implementation of novel chemoprevention strategies during pregnancy and facilitate the push towards malaria vaccines.
Author Feeney, Margaret E
Odorizzi, Pamela M
AuthorAffiliation 2 Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, USA
1 Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, USA
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Snippet Pregnancy-associated malaria, including placental malaria, causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recently, it has been suggested that in utero...
Pregnancy-associated malaria, including placental malaria, causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recently, it has been suggested that in utero...
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SubjectTerms Female
fetal immune system
fetal tolerance
Fetus - cytology
Fetus - immunology
Fetus - pathology
Humans
Immune Tolerance
Immunity
Immunity, Cellular
Immunity, Innate
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
Malaria - complications
Malaria - epidemiology
Malaria - immunology
Malaria - pathology
Pathology
placental malaria
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic - epidemiology
Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic - immunology
Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic - pathology
pregnancy-associated malaria
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - epidemiology
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - immunology
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - pathology
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Title Impact of In Utero Exposure to Malaria on Fetal T Cell Immunity
URI https://www.clinicalkey.es/playcontent/1-s2.0-S1471491416301010
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2016.08.005
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27614925
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1835369822
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC5048621
Volume 22
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