Pathophysiology of placental-derived fetal growth restriction

• Published in: American journal of obstetrics and gynecology Vol. 218; no. 2; pp. S745 - S761
• Main Authors: Burton, Graham J., Jauniaux, Eric
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.02.2018
• Subjects: AKT/mTOR; apoptosis; atherosis; chorion laeve; Chorionic Villi - metabolism; Chorionic Villi - pathology; Chorionic Villi - physiopathology; electron transport chain; extravillous trophoblast; failure of physiologic transformation; Female; fetal growth restriction; Fetal Growth Retardation - etiology; Fetal Growth Retardation - metabolism; Fetal Growth Retardation - physiopathology; fetoplacental weight ratio; Gene Expression Regulation; Genomic Imprinting; hemochorial placentation; Humans; interstitial trophoblast; intervillous space; intraplacental oxygen concentration; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; mitochondria; oxidative stress; perivillous fibrin deposition; placenta; Placenta - diagnostic imaging; Placenta - pathology; Placental Circulation; placental infarct; placental inflammation; Placental Insufficiency - diagnostic imaging; Placental Insufficiency - metabolism; Placental Insufficiency - pathology; Placental Insufficiency - physiopathology; placental location; Placentation; Pre-Eclampsia - metabolism; Pre-Eclampsia - physiopathology; Pregnancy; reactive oxygen species; spiral arteries; Stress, Physiological; Trophoblasts - metabolism; Trophoblasts - pathology; Ultrasonography, Prenatal; ultrasound imaging; Umbilical Arteries - physiopathology; unfolded protein response; Uterine Artery - diagnostic imaging; Uterine Artery - pathology; Uterine Artery - physiopathology; Vascular Remodeling; villi regression; villous hypoplasia; atherosis; failure of physiologic transformation; placental inflammation; villous hypoplasia; apoptosis; extravillous trophoblast; intraplacental oxygen concentration; chorion laeve; AKT/mTOR; fetal growth restriction; reactive oxygen species; intervillous space; ultrasound imaging; electron transport chain; fetoplacental weight ratio; spiral arteries; mitochondria; perivillous fibrin deposition; placental infarct; hemochorial placentation; interstitial trophoblast; unfolded protein response; placental location; villi regression; placenta; oxidative stress

Placental-related fetal growth restriction arises primarily due to deficient remodeling of the uterine spiral arteries supplying the placenta during early pregnancy. The resultant malperfusion induces cell stress within the placental tissues, leading to selective suppression of protein synthesis and...