Gut Microbiota and Dysbiosis in Alzheimer’s Disease: Implications for Pathogenesis and Treatment

Understanding how gut flora influences gut-brain communications has been the subject of significant research over the past decade. The broadening of the term “microbiota-gut-brain axis” from “gut-brain axis” underscores a bidirectional communication system between the gut and the brain. The microbio...

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Published inMolecular neurobiology Vol. 57; no. 12; pp. 5026 - 5043
Main Authors Liu, Shan, Gao, Jiguo, Zhu, Mingqin, Liu, Kangding, Zhang, Hong-Liang
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Springer US 01.12.2020
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Alzheimer's disease
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cell Biology
Communications systems
Dysbacteriosis
Gut microbiota
Gut-brain axis
Homeostasis
Inflammation
Insulin resistance
Intestinal microflora
Mental disorders
Microbiota
Neurobiology
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neurology
Neurosciences
Oxidative stress
Pathogenesis
Gut microbiota
Microbiota-gut-brain axis
Gut dysbiosis
Alzheimer’s disease
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Abstract Understanding how gut flora influences gut-brain communications has been the subject of significant research over the past decade. The broadening of the term “microbiota-gut-brain axis” from “gut-brain axis” underscores a bidirectional communication system between the gut and the brain. The microbiota-gut-brain axis involves metabolic, endocrine, neural, and immune pathways which are crucial for the maintenance of brain homeostasis. Alterations in the composition of gut microbiota are associated with multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. Although a causal relationship between gut dysbiosis and neural dysfunction remains elusive, emerging evidence indicates that gut dysbiosis may promote amyloid-beta aggregation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Illustration of the mechanisms underlying the regulation by gut microbiota may pave the way for developing novel therapeutic strategies for AD. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of gut microbiota and their dysregulation in the pathogenesis of AD. Novel insights into the modification of gut microbiota composition as a preventive or therapeutic approach for AD are highlighted.
AbstractList Understanding how gut flora influences gut-brain communications has been the subject of significant research over the past decade. The broadening of the term “microbiota-gut-brain axis” from “gut-brain axis” underscores a bidirectional communication system between the gut and the brain. The microbiota-gut-brain axis involves metabolic, endocrine, neural, and immune pathways which are crucial for the maintenance of brain homeostasis. Alterations in the composition of gut microbiota are associated with multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. Although a causal relationship between gut dysbiosis and neural dysfunction remains elusive, emerging evidence indicates that gut dysbiosis may promote amyloid-beta aggregation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Illustration of the mechanisms underlying the regulation by gut microbiota may pave the way for developing novel therapeutic strategies for AD. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of gut microbiota and their dysregulation in the pathogenesis of AD. Novel insights into the modification of gut microbiota composition as a preventive or therapeutic approach for AD are highlighted.
Understanding how gut flora influences gut-brain communications has been the subject of significant research over the past decade. The broadening of the term "microbiota-gut-brain axis" from "gut-brain axis" underscores a bidirectional communication system between the gut and the brain. The microbiota-gut-brain axis involves metabolic, endocrine, neural, and immune pathways which are crucial for the maintenance of brain homeostasis. Alterations in the composition of gut microbiota are associated with multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. Although a causal relationship between gut dysbiosis and neural dysfunction remains elusive, emerging evidence indicates that gut dysbiosis may promote amyloid-beta aggregation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Illustration of the mechanisms underlying the regulation by gut microbiota may pave the way for developing novel therapeutic strategies for AD. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of gut microbiota and their dysregulation in the pathogenesis of AD. Novel insights into the modification of gut microbiota composition as a preventive or therapeutic approach for AD are highlighted.Understanding how gut flora influences gut-brain communications has been the subject of significant research over the past decade. The broadening of the term "microbiota-gut-brain axis" from "gut-brain axis" underscores a bidirectional communication system between the gut and the brain. The microbiota-gut-brain axis involves metabolic, endocrine, neural, and immune pathways which are crucial for the maintenance of brain homeostasis. Alterations in the composition of gut microbiota are associated with multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. Although a causal relationship between gut dysbiosis and neural dysfunction remains elusive, emerging evidence indicates that gut dysbiosis may promote amyloid-beta aggregation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Illustration of the mechanisms underlying the regulation by gut microbiota may pave the way for developing novel therapeutic strategies for AD. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of gut microbiota and their dysregulation in the pathogenesis of AD. Novel insights into the modification of gut microbiota composition as a preventive or therapeutic approach for AD are highlighted.
Author Liu, Kangding
Zhang, Hong-Liang
Gao, Jiguo
Liu, Shan
Zhu, Mingqin
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Shan
  surname: Liu
  fullname: Liu, Shan
  organization: Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Jiguo
  surname: Gao
  fullname: Gao, Jiguo
  organization: Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Mingqin
  surname: Zhu
  fullname: Zhu, Mingqin
  organization: Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Neurology and Immunology, Mayo Clinic
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Kangding
  surname: Liu
  fullname: Liu, Kangding
  email: kangdingliu@163.com
  organization: Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Hong-Liang
  orcidid: 0000-0001-9205-5559
  surname: Zhang
  fullname: Zhang, Hong-Liang
  email: drzhl@hotmail.com, zhanghl@nsfc.gov.cn
  organization: Department of Life Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China
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Keywords Gut microbiota
Microbiota-gut-brain axis
Gut dysbiosis
Alzheimer’s disease
Language English
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SubjectTerms Alzheimer's disease
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cell Biology
Communications systems
Dysbacteriosis
Gut microbiota
Gut-brain axis
Homeostasis
Inflammation
Insulin resistance
Intestinal microflora
Mental disorders
Microbiota
Neurobiology
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neurology
Neurosciences
Oxidative stress
Pathogenesis
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