Multimorbidity patterns of dental caries and obesity/overweight among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Obesity and dental caries may share common dietary and metabolic risk factors, but their association in adults remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the impact of obesity/overweight on dental caries in adults. PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Wiley da...

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Published inBMC oral health Vol. 25; no. 1; pp. 1037 - 13
Main Authors Yu, Su-Tong, Hua, Jing-Yi, Zeng, Yu-Han, Yu, Shi-Yu, Zhang, Zi-Yu, Xiao, Wan-Shu, Li, Dan-Lin
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England BioMed Central Ltd 02.07.2025
BioMed Central
BMC
Subjects
Adult
Adults
Biofilms
Body mass index
Body weight
Carbohydrates
Cardiovascular disease
Care and treatment
Children & youth
Chronic illnesses
Comorbidity
Complications and side effects
Cross-sectional studies
Dental caries
Dental Caries - epidemiology
Dental enamel
Development and progression
Diabetes
Diagnosis
Health aspects
Humans
Insulin resistance
Meta-analysis
Metabolism
Microbiota
Multimorbidity
Nutritional status
Obesity
Obesity - complications
Obesity - epidemiology
Oral diseases
Oral hygiene
Overweight
Overweight - complications
Overweight - epidemiology
Public health
Quality of life
Risk Factors
Socioeconomic factors
Socioeconomic status
Systematic Review
Weight control
China
Dental caries
Obesity
Adults
Overweight
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Abstract Obesity and dental caries may share common dietary and metabolic risk factors, but their association in adults remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the impact of obesity/overweight on dental caries in adults. PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Wiley databases were searched for relevant studies published between January 2000 and January 2025. Observational studies assessing the association between obesity/overweight and dental caries were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using random-effects models. Eighteen cross-sectional studies with 270,408 participants were included. The meta-analysis found no significant association between obesity/overweight and dental caries risk (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.98-1.14, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed no significant differences based on BMI classification or geographical region. However, studies that did not adjust for confounders reported a positive association (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.04-1.29, P = 0.036), which disappeared after adjusting for confounders (OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.89-1.12, P < 0.001). Obesity/overweight was not significantly associated with dental caries in adults, suggesting that previously observed relationships may be influenced by shared risk factors such as dietary habits, age and socioeconomic status. Future studies should pay attention to potential confounders and adopting prospective cohort designs or Mendelian randomization approaches may help explore causual relationshhips.
AbstractList Background Obesity and dental caries may share common dietary and metabolic risk factors, but their association in adults remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the impact of obesity/overweight on dental caries in adults. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Wiley databases were searched for relevant studies published between January 2000 and January 2025. Observational studies assessing the association between obesity/overweight and dental caries were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using random-effects models. Results Eighteen cross-sectional studies with 270,408 participants were included. The meta-analysis found no significant association between obesity/overweight and dental caries risk (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.98-1.14, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed no significant differences based on BMI classification or geographical region. However, studies that did not adjust for confounders reported a positive association (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.04-1.29, P = 0.036), which disappeared after adjusting for confounders (OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.89-1.12, P < 0.001). Conclusions Obesity/overweight was not significantly associated with dental caries in adults, suggesting that previously observed relationships may be influenced by shared risk factors such as dietary habits, age and socioeconomic status. Future studies should pay attention to potential confounders and adopting prospective cohort designs or Mendelian randomization approaches may help explore causual relationshhips. Keywords: Obesity, Overweight, Dental caries, Adults
Abstract Background Obesity and dental caries may share common dietary and metabolic risk factors, but their association in adults remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the impact of obesity/overweight on dental caries in adults. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Wiley databases were searched for relevant studies published between January 2000 and January 2025. Observational studies assessing the association between obesity/overweight and dental caries were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using random-effects models. Results Eighteen cross-sectional studies with 270,408 participants were included. The meta-analysis found no significant association between obesity/overweight and dental caries risk (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.98–1.14, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed no significant differences based on BMI classification or geographical region. However, studies that did not adjust for confounders reported a positive association (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.04–1.29, P = 0.036), which disappeared after adjusting for confounders (OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.89–1.12, P < 0.001). Conclusions Obesity/overweight was not significantly associated with dental caries in adults, suggesting that previously observed relationships may be influenced by shared risk factors such as dietary habits, age and socioeconomic status. Future studies should pay attention to potential confounders and adopting prospective cohort designs or Mendelian randomization approaches may help explore causual relationshhips.
Obesity and dental caries may share common dietary and metabolic risk factors, but their association in adults remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the impact of obesity/overweight on dental caries in adults. PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Wiley databases were searched for relevant studies published between January 2000 and January 2025. Observational studies assessing the association between obesity/overweight and dental caries were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using random-effects models. Eighteen cross-sectional studies with 270,408 participants were included. The meta-analysis found no significant association between obesity/overweight and dental caries risk (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.98-1.14, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed no significant differences based on BMI classification or geographical region. However, studies that did not adjust for confounders reported a positive association (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.04-1.29, P = 0.036), which disappeared after adjusting for confounders (OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.89-1.12, P < 0.001). Obesity/overweight was not significantly associated with dental caries in adults, suggesting that previously observed relationships may be influenced by shared risk factors such as dietary habits, age and socioeconomic status. Future studies should pay attention to potential confounders and adopting prospective cohort designs or Mendelian randomization approaches may help explore causual relationshhips.
Obesity and dental caries may share common dietary and metabolic risk factors, but their association in adults remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the impact of obesity/overweight on dental caries in adults. PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Wiley databases were searched for relevant studies published between January 2000 and January 2025. Observational studies assessing the association between obesity/overweight and dental caries were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using random-effects models. Eighteen cross-sectional studies with 270,408 participants were included. The meta-analysis found no significant association between obesity/overweight and dental caries risk (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.98-1.14, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed no significant differences based on BMI classification or geographical region. However, studies that did not adjust for confounders reported a positive association (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.04-1.29, P = 0.036), which disappeared after adjusting for confounders (OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.89-1.12, P < 0.001). Obesity/overweight was not significantly associated with dental caries in adults, suggesting that previously observed relationships may be influenced by shared risk factors such as dietary habits, age and socioeconomic status. Future studies should pay attention to potential confounders and adopting prospective cohort designs or Mendelian randomization approaches may help explore causual relationshhips.
BackgroundObesity and dental caries may share common dietary and metabolic risk factors, but their association in adults remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the impact of obesity/overweight on dental caries in adults.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Wiley databases were searched for relevant studies published between January 2000 and January 2025. Observational studies assessing the association between obesity/overweight and dental caries were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using random-effects models.ResultsEighteen cross-sectional studies with 270,408 participants were included. The meta-analysis found no significant association between obesity/overweight and dental caries risk (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.98–1.14, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed no significant differences based on BMI classification or geographical region. However, studies that did not adjust for confounders reported a positive association (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.04–1.29, P = 0.036), which disappeared after adjusting for confounders (OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.89–1.12, P < 0.001).ConclusionsObesity/overweight was not significantly associated with dental caries in adults, suggesting that previously observed relationships may be influenced by shared risk factors such as dietary habits, age and socioeconomic status. Future studies should pay attention to potential confounders and adopting prospective cohort designs or Mendelian randomization approaches may help explore causual relationshhips.
Obesity and dental caries may share common dietary and metabolic risk factors, but their association in adults remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the impact of obesity/overweight on dental caries in adults.BACKGROUNDObesity and dental caries may share common dietary and metabolic risk factors, but their association in adults remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the impact of obesity/overweight on dental caries in adults.PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Wiley databases were searched for relevant studies published between January 2000 and January 2025. Observational studies assessing the association between obesity/overweight and dental caries were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using random-effects models.METHODSPubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Wiley databases were searched for relevant studies published between January 2000 and January 2025. Observational studies assessing the association between obesity/overweight and dental caries were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using random-effects models.Eighteen cross-sectional studies with 270,408 participants were included. The meta-analysis found no significant association between obesity/overweight and dental caries risk (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.98-1.14, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed no significant differences based on BMI classification or geographical region. However, studies that did not adjust for confounders reported a positive association (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.04-1.29, P = 0.036), which disappeared after adjusting for confounders (OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.89-1.12, P < 0.001).RESULTSEighteen cross-sectional studies with 270,408 participants were included. The meta-analysis found no significant association between obesity/overweight and dental caries risk (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.98-1.14, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed no significant differences based on BMI classification or geographical region. However, studies that did not adjust for confounders reported a positive association (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.04-1.29, P = 0.036), which disappeared after adjusting for confounders (OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.89-1.12, P < 0.001).Obesity/overweight was not significantly associated with dental caries in adults, suggesting that previously observed relationships may be influenced by shared risk factors such as dietary habits, age and socioeconomic status. Future studies should pay attention to potential confounders and adopting prospective cohort designs or Mendelian randomization approaches may help explore causual relationshhips.CONCLUSIONSObesity/overweight was not significantly associated with dental caries in adults, suggesting that previously observed relationships may be influenced by shared risk factors such as dietary habits, age and socioeconomic status. Future studies should pay attention to potential confounders and adopting prospective cohort designs or Mendelian randomization approaches may help explore causual relationshhips.
ArticleNumber 1037
Audience Academic
Author Yu, Shi-Yu
Xiao, Wan-Shu
Yu, Su-Tong
Zhang, Zi-Yu
Zeng, Yu-Han
Li, Dan-Lin
Hua, Jing-Yi
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Keywords Dental caries
Obesity
Adults
Overweight
Language English
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Snippet Obesity and dental caries may share common dietary and metabolic risk factors, but their association in adults remains unclear. This systematic review and...
Background Obesity and dental caries may share common dietary and metabolic risk factors, but their association in adults remains unclear. This systematic...
BackgroundObesity and dental caries may share common dietary and metabolic risk factors, but their association in adults remains unclear. This systematic...
Abstract Background Obesity and dental caries may share common dietary and metabolic risk factors, but their association in adults remains unclear. This...
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SubjectTerms Adult
Adults
Biofilms
Body mass index
Body weight
Carbohydrates
Cardiovascular disease
Care and treatment
Children & youth
Chronic illnesses
Comorbidity
Complications and side effects
Cross-sectional studies
Dental caries
Dental Caries - epidemiology
Dental enamel
Development and progression
Diabetes
Diagnosis
Health aspects
Humans
Insulin resistance
Meta-analysis
Metabolism
Microbiota
Multimorbidity
Nutritional status
Obesity
Obesity - complications
Obesity - epidemiology
Oral diseases
Oral hygiene
Overweight
Overweight - complications
Overweight - epidemiology
Public health
Quality of life
Risk Factors
Socioeconomic factors
Socioeconomic status
Systematic Review
Weight control
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Title Multimorbidity patterns of dental caries and obesity/overweight among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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