Delayed neutralizing antibody response in the acute phase correlates with severe progression of COVID-19
Adaptive immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dynamics remain largely unknown. The neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are helpful for understanding the pathology. Using SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus, serum sample...
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| Published in | Scientific reports Vol. 11; no. 1; pp. 16535 - 5 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
London
Nature Publishing Group UK
16.08.2021
Nature Publishing Group Nature Portfolio |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2045-2322 2045-2322 |
| DOI | 10.1038/s41598-021-96143-8 |
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| Abstract | Adaptive immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dynamics remain largely unknown. The neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are helpful for understanding the pathology. Using SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus, serum sample neutralization values in symptomatic COVID-19 patients were measured using the chemiluminescence reduction neutralization test (CRNT). At least two sequential serum samples collected during hospitalization were analyzed to assess NAbs neutralizing activity dynamics at different time points. Of the 11 patients, four (36.4%), six (54.5%), and one (9.1%) had moderate, severe, and critical disease, respectively. Fifty percent neutralization (N50%-CRNT) was observed upon admission in 90.9% (10/11); all patients acquired neutralizing activity 2–12 days after onset. In patients with moderate disease, neutralization was observed at earliest within two days after symptom onset. In patients with severe-to-critical disease, neutralization activity increased, plateauing 9–16 days after onset. Neutralization activity on admission was significantly higher in patients with moderate disease than in patients with severe-to-critical disease (relative % of infectivity, 6.4% vs. 41.1%;
P
= .011). Neutralization activity on admission inversely correlated with disease severity. The rapid NAb response may play a crucial role in preventing the progression of COVID-19. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Adaptive immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dynamics remain largely unknown. The neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are helpful for understanding the pathology. Using SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus, serum sample neutralization values in symptomatic COVID-19 patients were measured using the chemiluminescence reduction neutralization test (CRNT). At least two sequential serum samples collected during hospitalization were analyzed to assess NAbs neutralizing activity dynamics at different time points. Of the 11 patients, four (36.4%), six (54.5%), and one (9.1%) had moderate, severe, and critical disease, respectively. Fifty percent neutralization (N50%-CRNT) was observed upon admission in 90.9% (10/11); all patients acquired neutralizing activity 2–12 days after onset. In patients with moderate disease, neutralization was observed at earliest within two days after symptom onset. In patients with severe-to-critical disease, neutralization activity increased, plateauing 9–16 days after onset. Neutralization activity on admission was significantly higher in patients with moderate disease than in patients with severe-to-critical disease (relative % of infectivity, 6.4% vs. 41.1%;
P
= .011). Neutralization activity on admission inversely correlated with disease severity. The rapid NAb response may play a crucial role in preventing the progression of COVID-19. Abstract Adaptive immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dynamics remain largely unknown. The neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are helpful for understanding the pathology. Using SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus, serum sample neutralization values in symptomatic COVID-19 patients were measured using the chemiluminescence reduction neutralization test (CRNT). At least two sequential serum samples collected during hospitalization were analyzed to assess NAbs neutralizing activity dynamics at different time points. Of the 11 patients, four (36.4%), six (54.5%), and one (9.1%) had moderate, severe, and critical disease, respectively. Fifty percent neutralization (N50%-CRNT) was observed upon admission in 90.9% (10/11); all patients acquired neutralizing activity 2–12 days after onset. In patients with moderate disease, neutralization was observed at earliest within two days after symptom onset. In patients with severe-to-critical disease, neutralization activity increased, plateauing 9–16 days after onset. Neutralization activity on admission was significantly higher in patients with moderate disease than in patients with severe-to-critical disease (relative % of infectivity, 6.4% vs. 41.1%; P = .011). Neutralization activity on admission inversely correlated with disease severity. The rapid NAb response may play a crucial role in preventing the progression of COVID-19. Adaptive immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dynamics remain largely unknown. The neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are helpful for understanding the pathology. Using SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus, serum sample neutralization values in symptomatic COVID-19 patients were measured using the chemiluminescence reduction neutralization test (CRNT). At least two sequential serum samples collected during hospitalization were analyzed to assess NAbs neutralizing activity dynamics at different time points. Of the 11 patients, four (36.4%), six (54.5%), and one (9.1%) had moderate, severe, and critical disease, respectively. Fifty percent neutralization (N50%-CRNT) was observed upon admission in 90.9% (10/11); all patients acquired neutralizing activity 2–12 days after onset. In patients with moderate disease, neutralization was observed at earliest within two days after symptom onset. In patients with severe-to-critical disease, neutralization activity increased, plateauing 9–16 days after onset. Neutralization activity on admission was significantly higher in patients with moderate disease than in patients with severe-to-critical disease (relative % of infectivity, 6.4% vs. 41.1%; P = .011). Neutralization activity on admission inversely correlated with disease severity. The rapid NAb response may play a crucial role in preventing the progression of COVID-19. Adaptive immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dynamics remain largely unknown. The neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are helpful for understanding the pathology. Using SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus, serum sample neutralization values in symptomatic COVID-19 patients were measured using the chemiluminescence reduction neutralization test (CRNT). At least two sequential serum samples collected during hospitalization were analyzed to assess NAbs neutralizing activity dynamics at different time points. Of the 11 patients, four (36.4%), six (54.5%), and one (9.1%) had moderate, severe, and critical disease, respectively. Fifty percent neutralization (N50%-CRNT) was observed upon admission in 90.9% (10/11); all patients acquired neutralizing activity 2-12 days after onset. In patients with moderate disease, neutralization was observed at earliest within two days after symptom onset. In patients with severe-to-critical disease, neutralization activity increased, plateauing 9-16 days after onset. Neutralization activity on admission was significantly higher in patients with moderate disease than in patients with severe-to-critical disease (relative % of infectivity, 6.4% vs. 41.1%; P = .011). Neutralization activity on admission inversely correlated with disease severity. The rapid NAb response may play a crucial role in preventing the progression of COVID-19.Adaptive immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dynamics remain largely unknown. The neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are helpful for understanding the pathology. Using SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus, serum sample neutralization values in symptomatic COVID-19 patients were measured using the chemiluminescence reduction neutralization test (CRNT). At least two sequential serum samples collected during hospitalization were analyzed to assess NAbs neutralizing activity dynamics at different time points. Of the 11 patients, four (36.4%), six (54.5%), and one (9.1%) had moderate, severe, and critical disease, respectively. Fifty percent neutralization (N50%-CRNT) was observed upon admission in 90.9% (10/11); all patients acquired neutralizing activity 2-12 days after onset. In patients with moderate disease, neutralization was observed at earliest within two days after symptom onset. In patients with severe-to-critical disease, neutralization activity increased, plateauing 9-16 days after onset. Neutralization activity on admission was significantly higher in patients with moderate disease than in patients with severe-to-critical disease (relative % of infectivity, 6.4% vs. 41.1%; P = .011). Neutralization activity on admission inversely correlated with disease severity. The rapid NAb response may play a crucial role in preventing the progression of COVID-19. |
| ArticleNumber | 16535 |
| Author | Fukui, Yasutaka Yoshida, Yoshihiro Takegoshi, Yusuke Yamada, Hiroshi Kawago, Koyomi Murai, Yushi Miyajima, Yuki Yamamoto, Yoshihiro Ueno, Akitoshi Sakamaki, Ippei Kawasuji, Hitoshi Tani, Hideki Kimura, Miyuki Kimoto, Kou Kaneda, Makito Morinaga, Yoshitomo |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1128_Spectrum_00560_21 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jiac_2022_05_009 crossref_primary_10_3390_diagnostics13040643 crossref_primary_10_1183_23120541_00216_2022 crossref_primary_10_5858_arpa_2022_0041_SA crossref_primary_10_3390_diagnostics12081813 crossref_primary_10_3390_v14071399 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2023_1287388 crossref_primary_10_1007_s15010_024_02250_9 crossref_primary_10_1080_1744666X_2022_2044797 crossref_primary_10_1128_cmr_00188_21 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2023_e13045 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2024_1377014 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1183/13993003.01526-2020 10.1093/cid/ciaa721 10.1038/s41591-020-0897-1 10.1101/2020.12.17.20248388 10.1126/scitranslmed.abd2223 10.1038/s41598-021-81629-2 10.1126/sciimmunol.abe0240 10.1016/j.cell.2020.12.015 10.1038/s41591-020-0913-5 10.1186/s12985-021-01490-7 10.1038/s41392-020-00301-9 10.1038/s41423-020-00588-2 |
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| References_xml | – reference: Long, Q. X. et al. Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19. Nat. Med.26(6), 845–848. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0897-1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32350462 (2020). – reference: Tani, H. et al. Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies using a vesicular stomatitis virus possessing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Virol. J.18(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-021-01490-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33435994 (2021). – reference: Röltgen K. et al. Defining the features and duration of antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with disease severity and outcome. Sci. Immunol.5(54), eabe0240. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciimmunol.abe0240. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33288645/ (2020). – reference: Wang, X. et al. Neutralizing Antibodies Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 inpatients and convalescent patients. Clin. Infect. Dis.https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa721. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32497196 (2020). – reference: Chen, X. et al. Disease severity dictates SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibody responses in COVID-19. Signal Transduct. Target. Ther.5(1), 180. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-020-00301-9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32879307 (2020). – reference: Sterlin, D. et al. IgA dominates the early neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2. Sci. Transl. Med.13(577). https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.abd2223. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33288662 (2021). – reference: Jeewandara, C. et al. SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in patients with varying severity of acute COVID-19 illness. Sci. Rep.11(1), 2062. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81629-2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33479465 (2021). – reference: Kawasuji, H. et al. SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia with higher nasopharyngeal viral load is strongly associated with severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19. medRxiv 2020.2012.2017.20248388. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.17.20248388 (2020) – reference: Yu, H. Q. et al. Distinct features of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA response in COVID-19 patients. Eur. Respir. J.56(2). https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01526-2020. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32398307 (2020). – reference: Amanat, F. et al. A serological assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion in humans. Nat. Med.26(7), 1033–1036. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0913-5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32398876 (2020). – reference: Garcia-Beltran, W. F. et al. COVID-19-neutralizing antibodies predict disease severity and survival. Cell184(2), 476–488.e11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.12.015. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33412089 (2021). – reference: Legros, V. et al. A longitudinal study of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients reveals a high correlation between neutralizing antibodies and COVID-19 severity. Cell. Mol. Immunol. 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41423-020-00588-2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33408342 (2021). – ident: 96143_CR9 doi: 10.1183/13993003.01526-2020 – ident: 96143_CR12 doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa721 – ident: 96143_CR2 doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-0897-1 – ident: 96143_CR7 doi: 10.1101/2020.12.17.20248388 – ident: 96143_CR8 doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abd2223 – ident: 96143_CR10 doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-81629-2 – ident: 96143_CR11 doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abe0240 – ident: 96143_CR4 doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.12.015 – ident: 96143_CR3 doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-0913-5 – ident: 96143_CR6 doi: 10.1186/s12985-021-01490-7 – ident: 96143_CR1 doi: 10.1038/s41392-020-00301-9 – ident: 96143_CR5 doi: 10.1038/s41423-020-00588-2 |
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| Snippet | Adaptive immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dynamics remain largely unknown. The neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels in... Abstract Adaptive immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dynamics remain largely unknown. The neutralizing antibody (NAb)... |
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| Title | Delayed neutralizing antibody response in the acute phase correlates with severe progression of COVID-19 |
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