A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Myocarditis or Pericarditis
There have been reports of potential negative cardiovascular effects from the COVID-19 vaccine, such as myocarditis or pericarditis. This study sought to ascertain the risk of myocarditis/pericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination by conducting an extensive meta-analysis of published cases. A systemati...
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| Published in | American journal of preventive medicine Vol. 64; no. 2; pp. 275 - 284 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Netherlands
Elsevier Inc
01.02.2023
Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine |
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| ISSN | 0749-3797 1873-2607 1873-2607 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.09.002 |
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| Abstract | There have been reports of potential negative cardiovascular effects from the COVID-19 vaccine, such as myocarditis or pericarditis. This study sought to ascertain the risk of myocarditis/pericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination by conducting an extensive meta-analysis of published cases.
A systematic literature search was conducted in 7 online databases by March 31, 2022. Heterogeneity was tested by I2 index. RR and 95% CI were pooled through either random-effect or fixed-effect models. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also conducted.
A total of 11 studies with 58,620,611 subjects were included. COVID-19 vaccination correlated with an increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis (RR=2.04; 95% CI=1.33, 3.14). In addition, an increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis in people who received the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine compared with that in those who received only the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine was also found (RR=4.06; 95% CI=2.08, 7.92). An increased incidence of pericarditis or myocarditis was noted predominantly in those who received BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines (RR=2.19; 95% CI=1.46, 3.29 and RR=4.15; 95% CI=1.87, 9.22, respectively).
Study results indicate that a higher incidence of myocarditis or pericarditis was found after COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, the risk of developing myocarditis or pericarditis was greater after the second dose than after the first dose. Nevertheless, the risks of myocarditis and pericarditis in COVID-19 vaccine recipients are still significantly lower than the health risks observed in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, the benefits and harms must be carefully assessed to determine the best management option for patients who are in the high-risk group of myocarditis or pericarditis. |
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| AbstractList | There have been reports of potential negative cardiovascular effects from the COVID-19 vaccine, such as myocarditis or pericarditis. This study sought to ascertain the risk of myocarditis/pericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination by conducting an extensive meta-analysis of published cases.
A systematic literature search was conducted in 7 online databases by March 31, 2022. Heterogeneity was tested by I2 index. RR and 95% CI were pooled through either random-effect or fixed-effect models. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also conducted.
A total of 11 studies with 58,620,611 subjects were included. COVID-19 vaccination correlated with an increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis (RR=2.04; 95% CI=1.33, 3.14). In addition, an increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis in people who received the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine compared with that in those who received only the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine was also found (RR=4.06; 95% CI=2.08, 7.92). An increased incidence of pericarditis or myocarditis was noted predominantly in those who received BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines (RR=2.19; 95% CI=1.46, 3.29 and RR=4.15; 95% CI=1.87, 9.22, respectively).
Study results indicate that a higher incidence of myocarditis or pericarditis was found after COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, the risk of developing myocarditis or pericarditis was greater after the second dose than after the first dose. Nevertheless, the risks of myocarditis and pericarditis in COVID-19 vaccine recipients are still significantly lower than the health risks observed in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, the benefits and harms must be carefully assessed to determine the best management option for patients who are in the high-risk group of myocarditis or pericarditis. There have been reports of potential negative cardiovascular effects from the COVID-19 vaccine, such as myocarditis or pericarditis. This study sought to ascertain the risk of myocarditis/pericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination by conducting an extensive meta-analysis of published cases.INTRODUCTIONThere have been reports of potential negative cardiovascular effects from the COVID-19 vaccine, such as myocarditis or pericarditis. This study sought to ascertain the risk of myocarditis/pericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination by conducting an extensive meta-analysis of published cases.A systematic literature search was conducted in 7 online databases by March 31, 2022. Heterogeneity was tested by I2 index. RR and 95% CI were pooled through either random-effect or fixed-effect models. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also conducted.METHODSA systematic literature search was conducted in 7 online databases by March 31, 2022. Heterogeneity was tested by I2 index. RR and 95% CI were pooled through either random-effect or fixed-effect models. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also conducted.A total of 11 studies with 58,620,611 subjects were included. COVID-19 vaccination correlated with an increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis (RR=2.04; 95% CI=1.33, 3.14). In addition, an increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis in people who received the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine compared with that in those who received only the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine was also found (RR=4.06; 95% CI=2.08, 7.92). An increased incidence of pericarditis or myocarditis was noted predominantly in those who received BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines (RR=2.19; 95% CI=1.46, 3.29 and RR=4.15; 95% CI=1.87, 9.22, respectively).RESULTSA total of 11 studies with 58,620,611 subjects were included. COVID-19 vaccination correlated with an increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis (RR=2.04; 95% CI=1.33, 3.14). In addition, an increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis in people who received the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine compared with that in those who received only the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine was also found (RR=4.06; 95% CI=2.08, 7.92). An increased incidence of pericarditis or myocarditis was noted predominantly in those who received BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines (RR=2.19; 95% CI=1.46, 3.29 and RR=4.15; 95% CI=1.87, 9.22, respectively).Study results indicate that a higher incidence of myocarditis or pericarditis was found after COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, the risk of developing myocarditis or pericarditis was greater after the second dose than after the first dose. Nevertheless, the risks of myocarditis and pericarditis in COVID-19 vaccine recipients are still significantly lower than the health risks observed in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, the benefits and harms must be carefully assessed to determine the best management option for patients who are in the high-risk group of myocarditis or pericarditis.DISCUSSIONStudy results indicate that a higher incidence of myocarditis or pericarditis was found after COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, the risk of developing myocarditis or pericarditis was greater after the second dose than after the first dose. Nevertheless, the risks of myocarditis and pericarditis in COVID-19 vaccine recipients are still significantly lower than the health risks observed in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, the benefits and harms must be carefully assessed to determine the best management option for patients who are in the high-risk group of myocarditis or pericarditis. There have been reports of potential negative cardiovascular effects from the COVID-19 vaccine, such as myocarditis or pericarditis. This study sought to ascertain the risk of myocarditis/pericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination by conducting an extensive meta-analysis of published cases. A systematic literature search was conducted in 7 online databases by March 31, 2022. Heterogeneity was tested by I index. RR and 95% CI were pooled through either random-effect or fixed-effect models. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also conducted. A total of 11 studies with 58,620,611 subjects were included. COVID-19 vaccination correlated with an increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis (RR=2.04; 95% CI=1.33, 3.14). In addition, an increased risk of myocarditis or pericarditis in people who received the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine compared with that in those who received only the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine was also found (RR=4.06; 95% CI=2.08, 7.92). An increased incidence of pericarditis or myocarditis was noted predominantly in those who received BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines (RR=2.19; 95% CI=1.46, 3.29 and RR=4.15; 95% CI=1.87, 9.22, respectively). Study results indicate that a higher incidence of myocarditis or pericarditis was found after COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, the risk of developing myocarditis or pericarditis was greater after the second dose than after the first dose. Nevertheless, the risks of myocarditis and pericarditis in COVID-19 vaccine recipients are still significantly lower than the health risks observed in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, the benefits and harms must be carefully assessed to determine the best management option for patients who are in the high-risk group of myocarditis or pericarditis. |
| Author | Xie, Peng Xia, Weihang Wazir, Hina Liu, Haixia Uy, John Patrick N. Lowe, Scott Guo, Zhichun Xie, Chuman Guo, Xianwei Zhou, Qin Li, Yaru Ma, Shaodi Wu, Birong Gao, Juan Feng, Linya Sun, Chenyu Bentley, Rachel |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Juan surname: Gao fullname: Gao, Juan organization: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Linya surname: Feng fullname: Feng, Linya organization: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Yaru orcidid: 0000-0002-2794-5085 surname: Li fullname: Li, Yaru organization: Internal Medicine, Swedish Hospital, Chicago, Illinois – sequence: 4 givenname: Scott surname: Lowe fullname: Lowe, Scott organization: College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Kansas City, Missouri – sequence: 5 givenname: Zhichun surname: Guo fullname: Guo, Zhichun organization: School of Pharmacy, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 6 givenname: Rachel orcidid: 0000-0003-4955-4269 surname: Bentley fullname: Bentley, Rachel organization: College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Kansas City, Missouri – sequence: 7 givenname: Chuman orcidid: 0000-0001-5342-8818 surname: Xie fullname: Xie, Chuman organization: School of Pharmacy, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 8 givenname: Birong surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Birong organization: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China – sequence: 9 givenname: Peng surname: Xie fullname: Xie, Peng organization: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China – sequence: 10 givenname: Weihang surname: Xia fullname: Xia, Weihang organization: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China – sequence: 11 givenname: Shaodi surname: Ma fullname: Ma, Shaodi organization: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China – sequence: 12 givenname: Haixia surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Haixia organization: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China – sequence: 13 givenname: Xianwei surname: Guo fullname: Guo, Xianwei organization: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China – sequence: 14 givenname: John Patrick N. surname: Uy fullname: Uy, John Patrick N. organization: Infectious Disease and International Health, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire – sequence: 15 givenname: Qin surname: Zhou fullname: Zhou, Qin organization: Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota – sequence: 16 givenname: Hina surname: Wazir fullname: Wazir, Hina organization: AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois – sequence: 17 givenname: Chenyu orcidid: 0000-0003-3812-3164 surname: Sun fullname: Sun, Chenyu email: drsunchenyu@yeah.net organization: AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois |
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| SubjectTerms | 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 - adverse effects BNT162 Vaccine - adverse effects COVID-19 - epidemiology COVID-19 - prevention & control COVID-19 Vaccines - adverse effects Humans Myocarditis - epidemiology Pericarditis - epidemiology Review Vaccination - adverse effects |
| Title | A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Myocarditis or Pericarditis |
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