Enhancement of Muscle T Regulatory Cells and Improvement of Muscular Dystrophic Process in mdx Mice by Blockade of Extracellular ATP/P2X Axis

• Published in: The American journal of pathology Vol. 185; no. 12; pp. 3349 - 3360
• Main Authors: Gazzerro, Elisabetta, Baldassari, Simona, Assereto, Stefania, Fruscione, Floriana, Pistorio, Angela, Panicucci, Chiara, Volpi, Stefano, Perruzza, Lisa, Fiorillo, Chiara, Minetti, Carlo, Traggiai, Elisabetta, Grassi, Fabio, Bruno, Claudio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.12.2015
• Subjects: Adenosine Triphosphate - analogs & derivatives; Adenosine Triphosphate - immunology; Adenosine Triphosphate - pharmacology; Adenosine Triphosphate - therapeutic use; Animals; Disease Progression; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical - methods; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred mdx; Muscle, Skeletal - immunology; Muscle, Skeletal - pathology; Muscle, Skeletal - physiology; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne - immunology; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne - pathology; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne - prevention & control; Pathology; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Purinergic P2X Receptor Antagonists - pharmacology; Purinergic P2X Receptor Antagonists - therapeutic use; Receptors, Purinergic P2X - metabolism; Receptors, Purinergic P2X - physiology; Regeneration - drug effects; Signal Transduction - drug effects; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - drug effects; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology

Infiltration of immune cells and chronic inflammation substantially affect skeletal and cardiac muscle degeneration in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. In the immune system, extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) released by dying cells is sensed as a danger associated molecular pattern through P2 p...