Evaluation of breastfeeding and infant feeding attitudes among syrian refugees in Turkey: observations of Syrian healthcare workers
The influx of Syrian refugees into Turkey has highlighted the importance of supporting breastfeeding practices among this vulnerable population. We aimed to evaluate the breastfeeding and infant feeding attitudes of Syrian mothers based on the observations of Syrian healthcare workers (HCWs). An onl...
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| Published in | International breastfeeding journal Vol. 18; no. 1; pp. 38 - 10 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
BioMed Central Ltd
09.08.2023
BioMed Central BMC |
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| Abstract | The influx of Syrian refugees into Turkey has highlighted the importance of supporting breastfeeding practices among this vulnerable population. We aimed to evaluate the breastfeeding and infant feeding attitudes of Syrian mothers based on the observations of Syrian healthcare workers (HCWs).
An online form including 31 questions was prepared in Turkish, Arabic, and English languages and distributed to HCWs, working in refugee health centers via e-mail, WhatsApp, or text message with the help of Ministry of Health in Turkey between January 2020 and March 2020. The questions were about HCWs' characteristics (occupation, region of employment, duration of employment, participation in breastfeeding counseling course) and about HCWs' observations of Syrian mothers' breastfeeding and infant feeding practices.
A total of 876 HCWs were included in the study; about 37.3% were physicians. Only 40.0% of HCWs reported that babies were predominantly fed with breast milk in the first three days after birth, 45.2% of HCWs indicated that mothers typically used sugary water as a prelacteal food, and 30.5% believed that breastfeeding was discontinued before 12 months. The main barriers to breastfeeding identified by HCWs included the lack of education, mental and physical health issues in the mother, food insecurity, low income, inadequate housing, lack of family planning, sociocultural environment, and limited access to quality health services. For complementary feeding, 28.0% of HCWs stated early introduction and 7.4% remarked delayed. HCWs believed grains, fruits and vegetables, and dairy products as top three foods for starting complementary food (59.5%, 47.8%, and 30.3% respectively). Healthcare challenges of Syrian pregnant and lactating mothers were reported to be associated primarily with "food, finance, and housing difficulties", low maternal education, and cultural and environmental issues. HCWs recommended various solutions, such as supporting breastfeeding, offering nutrition and health support, promoting family planning, improving healthcare systems through legislation, and addressing cultural barriers.
To address breastfeeding issues among Syrian mothers, it is crucial to provide breastfeeding training to both HCWs and mothers. Expanding interventions that support breastfeeding-friendly practices, including community support and food aid for breastfeeding mothers, should also be considered to address the social determinants of breastfeeding. |
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| AbstractList | Abstract
Background
The influx of Syrian refugees into Turkey has highlighted the importance of supporting breastfeeding practices among this vulnerable population. We aimed to evaluate the breastfeeding and infant feeding attitudes of Syrian mothers based on the observations of Syrian healthcare workers (HCWs).
Methods
An online form including 31 questions was prepared in Turkish, Arabic, and English languages and distributed to HCWs, working in refugee health centers via e-mail, WhatsApp, or text message with the help of Ministry of Health in Turkey between January 2020 and March 2020. The questions were about HCWs’ characteristics (occupation, region of employment, duration of employment, participation in breastfeeding counseling course) and about HCWs’ observations of Syrian mothers’ breastfeeding and infant feeding practices.
Results
A total of 876 HCWs were included in the study; about 37.3% were physicians. Only 40.0% of HCWs reported that babies were predominantly fed with breast milk in the first three days after birth, 45.2% of HCWs indicated that mothers typically used sugary water as a prelacteal food, and 30.5% believed that breastfeeding was discontinued before 12 months. The main barriers to breastfeeding identified by HCWs included the lack of education, mental and physical health issues in the mother, food insecurity, low income, inadequate housing, lack of family planning, sociocultural environment, and limited access to quality health services. For complementary feeding, 28.0% of HCWs stated early introduction and 7.4% remarked delayed. HCWs believed grains, fruits and vegetables, and dairy products as top three foods for starting complementary food (59.5%, 47.8%, and 30.3% respectively). Healthcare challenges of Syrian pregnant and lactating mothers were reported to be associated primarily with “food, finance, and housing difficulties”, low maternal education, and cultural and environmental issues. HCWs recommended various solutions, such as supporting breastfeeding, offering nutrition and health support, promoting family planning, improving healthcare systems through legislation, and addressing cultural barriers.
Conclusions
To address breastfeeding issues among Syrian mothers, it is crucial to provide breastfeeding training to both HCWs and mothers. Expanding interventions that support breastfeeding-friendly practices, including community support and food aid for breastfeeding mothers, should also be considered to address the social determinants of breastfeeding. Background The influx of Syrian refugees into Turkey has highlighted the importance of supporting breastfeeding practices among this vulnerable population. We aimed to evaluate the breastfeeding and infant feeding attitudes of Syrian mothers based on the observations of Syrian healthcare workers (HCWs). Methods An online form including 31 questions was prepared in Turkish, Arabic, and English languages and distributed to HCWs, working in refugee health centers via e-mail, WhatsApp, or text message with the help of Ministry of Health in Turkey between January 2020 and March 2020. The questions were about HCWs' characteristics (occupation, region of employment, duration of employment, participation in breastfeeding counseling course) and about HCWs' observations of Syrian mothers' breastfeeding and infant feeding practices. Results A total of 876 HCWs were included in the study; about 37.3% were physicians. Only 40.0% of HCWs reported that babies were predominantly fed with breast milk in the first three days after birth, 45.2% of HCWs indicated that mothers typically used sugary water as a prelacteal food, and 30.5% believed that breastfeeding was discontinued before 12 months. The main barriers to breastfeeding identified by HCWs included the lack of education, mental and physical health issues in the mother, food insecurity, low income, inadequate housing, lack of family planning, sociocultural environment, and limited access to quality health services. For complementary feeding, 28.0% of HCWs stated early introduction and 7.4% remarked delayed. HCWs believed grains, fruits and vegetables, and dairy products as top three foods for starting complementary food (59.5%, 47.8%, and 30.3% respectively). Healthcare challenges of Syrian pregnant and lactating mothers were reported to be associated primarily with "food, finance, and housing difficulties", low maternal education, and cultural and environmental issues. HCWs recommended various solutions, such as supporting breastfeeding, offering nutrition and health support, promoting family planning, improving healthcare systems through legislation, and addressing cultural barriers. Conclusions To address breastfeeding issues among Syrian mothers, it is crucial to provide breastfeeding training to both HCWs and mothers. Expanding interventions that support breastfeeding-friendly practices, including community support and food aid for breastfeeding mothers, should also be considered to address the social determinants of breastfeeding. Keywords: Syrian refugees, Breastfeeding, Social determinants of health, Breastfeeding-friendly, Turkey The influx of Syrian refugees into Turkey has highlighted the importance of supporting breastfeeding practices among this vulnerable population. We aimed to evaluate the breastfeeding and infant feeding attitudes of Syrian mothers based on the observations of Syrian healthcare workers (HCWs). An online form including 31 questions was prepared in Turkish, Arabic, and English languages and distributed to HCWs, working in refugee health centers via e-mail, WhatsApp, or text message with the help of Ministry of Health in Turkey between January 2020 and March 2020. The questions were about HCWs' characteristics (occupation, region of employment, duration of employment, participation in breastfeeding counseling course) and about HCWs' observations of Syrian mothers' breastfeeding and infant feeding practices. A total of 876 HCWs were included in the study; about 37.3% were physicians. Only 40.0% of HCWs reported that babies were predominantly fed with breast milk in the first three days after birth, 45.2% of HCWs indicated that mothers typically used sugary water as a prelacteal food, and 30.5% believed that breastfeeding was discontinued before 12 months. The main barriers to breastfeeding identified by HCWs included the lack of education, mental and physical health issues in the mother, food insecurity, low income, inadequate housing, lack of family planning, sociocultural environment, and limited access to quality health services. For complementary feeding, 28.0% of HCWs stated early introduction and 7.4% remarked delayed. HCWs believed grains, fruits and vegetables, and dairy products as top three foods for starting complementary food (59.5%, 47.8%, and 30.3% respectively). Healthcare challenges of Syrian pregnant and lactating mothers were reported to be associated primarily with "food, finance, and housing difficulties", low maternal education, and cultural and environmental issues. HCWs recommended various solutions, such as supporting breastfeeding, offering nutrition and health support, promoting family planning, improving healthcare systems through legislation, and addressing cultural barriers. To address breastfeeding issues among Syrian mothers, it is crucial to provide breastfeeding training to both HCWs and mothers. Expanding interventions that support breastfeeding-friendly practices, including community support and food aid for breastfeeding mothers, should also be considered to address the social determinants of breastfeeding. Abstract Background The influx of Syrian refugees into Turkey has highlighted the importance of supporting breastfeeding practices among this vulnerable population. We aimed to evaluate the breastfeeding and infant feeding attitudes of Syrian mothers based on the observations of Syrian healthcare workers (HCWs). Methods An online form including 31 questions was prepared in Turkish, Arabic, and English languages and distributed to HCWs, working in refugee health centers via e-mail, WhatsApp, or text message with the help of Ministry of Health in Turkey between January 2020 and March 2020. The questions were about HCWs’ characteristics (occupation, region of employment, duration of employment, participation in breastfeeding counseling course) and about HCWs’ observations of Syrian mothers’ breastfeeding and infant feeding practices. Results A total of 876 HCWs were included in the study; about 37.3% were physicians. Only 40.0% of HCWs reported that babies were predominantly fed with breast milk in the first three days after birth, 45.2% of HCWs indicated that mothers typically used sugary water as a prelacteal food, and 30.5% believed that breastfeeding was discontinued before 12 months. The main barriers to breastfeeding identified by HCWs included the lack of education, mental and physical health issues in the mother, food insecurity, low income, inadequate housing, lack of family planning, sociocultural environment, and limited access to quality health services. For complementary feeding, 28.0% of HCWs stated early introduction and 7.4% remarked delayed. HCWs believed grains, fruits and vegetables, and dairy products as top three foods for starting complementary food (59.5%, 47.8%, and 30.3% respectively). Healthcare challenges of Syrian pregnant and lactating mothers were reported to be associated primarily with “food, finance, and housing difficulties”, low maternal education, and cultural and environmental issues. HCWs recommended various solutions, such as supporting breastfeeding, offering nutrition and health support, promoting family planning, improving healthcare systems through legislation, and addressing cultural barriers. Conclusions To address breastfeeding issues among Syrian mothers, it is crucial to provide breastfeeding training to both HCWs and mothers. Expanding interventions that support breastfeeding-friendly practices, including community support and food aid for breastfeeding mothers, should also be considered to address the social determinants of breastfeeding. The influx of Syrian refugees into Turkey has highlighted the importance of supporting breastfeeding practices among this vulnerable population. We aimed to evaluate the breastfeeding and infant feeding attitudes of Syrian mothers based on the observations of Syrian healthcare workers (HCWs). An online form including 31 questions was prepared in Turkish, Arabic, and English languages and distributed to HCWs, working in refugee health centers via e-mail, WhatsApp, or text message with the help of Ministry of Health in Turkey between January 2020 and March 2020. The questions were about HCWs' characteristics (occupation, region of employment, duration of employment, participation in breastfeeding counseling course) and about HCWs' observations of Syrian mothers' breastfeeding and infant feeding practices. A total of 876 HCWs were included in the study; about 37.3% were physicians. Only 40.0% of HCWs reported that babies were predominantly fed with breast milk in the first three days after birth, 45.2% of HCWs indicated that mothers typically used sugary water as a prelacteal food, and 30.5% believed that breastfeeding was discontinued before 12 months. The main barriers to breastfeeding identified by HCWs included the lack of education, mental and physical health issues in the mother, food insecurity, low income, inadequate housing, lack of family planning, sociocultural environment, and limited access to quality health services. For complementary feeding, 28.0% of HCWs stated early introduction and 7.4% remarked delayed. HCWs believed grains, fruits and vegetables, and dairy products as top three foods for starting complementary food (59.5%, 47.8%, and 30.3% respectively). Healthcare challenges of Syrian pregnant and lactating mothers were reported to be associated primarily with "food, finance, and housing difficulties", low maternal education, and cultural and environmental issues. HCWs recommended various solutions, such as supporting breastfeeding, offering nutrition and health support, promoting family planning, improving healthcare systems through legislation, and addressing cultural barriers. To address breastfeeding issues among Syrian mothers, it is crucial to provide breastfeeding training to both HCWs and mothers. Expanding interventions that support breastfeeding-friendly practices, including community support and food aid for breastfeeding mothers, should also be considered to address the social determinants of breastfeeding. BackgroundThe influx of Syrian refugees into Turkey has highlighted the importance of supporting breastfeeding practices among this vulnerable population. We aimed to evaluate the breastfeeding and infant feeding attitudes of Syrian mothers based on the observations of Syrian healthcare workers (HCWs).MethodsAn online form including 31 questions was prepared in Turkish, Arabic, and English languages and distributed to HCWs, working in refugee health centers via e-mail, WhatsApp, or text message with the help of Ministry of Health in Turkey between January 2020 and March 2020. The questions were about HCWs’ characteristics (occupation, region of employment, duration of employment, participation in breastfeeding counseling course) and about HCWs’ observations of Syrian mothers’ breastfeeding and infant feeding practices.ResultsA total of 876 HCWs were included in the study; about 37.3% were physicians. Only 40.0% of HCWs reported that babies were predominantly fed with breast milk in the first three days after birth, 45.2% of HCWs indicated that mothers typically used sugary water as a prelacteal food, and 30.5% believed that breastfeeding was discontinued before 12 months. The main barriers to breastfeeding identified by HCWs included the lack of education, mental and physical health issues in the mother, food insecurity, low income, inadequate housing, lack of family planning, sociocultural environment, and limited access to quality health services. For complementary feeding, 28.0% of HCWs stated early introduction and 7.4% remarked delayed. HCWs believed grains, fruits and vegetables, and dairy products as top three foods for starting complementary food (59.5%, 47.8%, and 30.3% respectively). Healthcare challenges of Syrian pregnant and lactating mothers were reported to be associated primarily with “food, finance, and housing difficulties”, low maternal education, and cultural and environmental issues. HCWs recommended various solutions, such as supporting breastfeeding, offering nutrition and health support, promoting family planning, improving healthcare systems through legislation, and addressing cultural barriers.ConclusionsTo address breastfeeding issues among Syrian mothers, it is crucial to provide breastfeeding training to both HCWs and mothers. Expanding interventions that support breastfeeding-friendly practices, including community support and food aid for breastfeeding mothers, should also be considered to address the social determinants of breastfeeding. The influx of Syrian refugees into Turkey has highlighted the importance of supporting breastfeeding practices among this vulnerable population. We aimed to evaluate the breastfeeding and infant feeding attitudes of Syrian mothers based on the observations of Syrian healthcare workers (HCWs).BACKGROUNDThe influx of Syrian refugees into Turkey has highlighted the importance of supporting breastfeeding practices among this vulnerable population. We aimed to evaluate the breastfeeding and infant feeding attitudes of Syrian mothers based on the observations of Syrian healthcare workers (HCWs).An online form including 31 questions was prepared in Turkish, Arabic, and English languages and distributed to HCWs, working in refugee health centers via e-mail, WhatsApp, or text message with the help of Ministry of Health in Turkey between January 2020 and March 2020. The questions were about HCWs' characteristics (occupation, region of employment, duration of employment, participation in breastfeeding counseling course) and about HCWs' observations of Syrian mothers' breastfeeding and infant feeding practices.METHODSAn online form including 31 questions was prepared in Turkish, Arabic, and English languages and distributed to HCWs, working in refugee health centers via e-mail, WhatsApp, or text message with the help of Ministry of Health in Turkey between January 2020 and March 2020. The questions were about HCWs' characteristics (occupation, region of employment, duration of employment, participation in breastfeeding counseling course) and about HCWs' observations of Syrian mothers' breastfeeding and infant feeding practices.A total of 876 HCWs were included in the study; about 37.3% were physicians. Only 40.0% of HCWs reported that babies were predominantly fed with breast milk in the first three days after birth, 45.2% of HCWs indicated that mothers typically used sugary water as a prelacteal food, and 30.5% believed that breastfeeding was discontinued before 12 months. The main barriers to breastfeeding identified by HCWs included the lack of education, mental and physical health issues in the mother, food insecurity, low income, inadequate housing, lack of family planning, sociocultural environment, and limited access to quality health services. For complementary feeding, 28.0% of HCWs stated early introduction and 7.4% remarked delayed. HCWs believed grains, fruits and vegetables, and dairy products as top three foods for starting complementary food (59.5%, 47.8%, and 30.3% respectively). Healthcare challenges of Syrian pregnant and lactating mothers were reported to be associated primarily with "food, finance, and housing difficulties", low maternal education, and cultural and environmental issues. HCWs recommended various solutions, such as supporting breastfeeding, offering nutrition and health support, promoting family planning, improving healthcare systems through legislation, and addressing cultural barriers.RESULTSA total of 876 HCWs were included in the study; about 37.3% were physicians. Only 40.0% of HCWs reported that babies were predominantly fed with breast milk in the first three days after birth, 45.2% of HCWs indicated that mothers typically used sugary water as a prelacteal food, and 30.5% believed that breastfeeding was discontinued before 12 months. The main barriers to breastfeeding identified by HCWs included the lack of education, mental and physical health issues in the mother, food insecurity, low income, inadequate housing, lack of family planning, sociocultural environment, and limited access to quality health services. For complementary feeding, 28.0% of HCWs stated early introduction and 7.4% remarked delayed. HCWs believed grains, fruits and vegetables, and dairy products as top three foods for starting complementary food (59.5%, 47.8%, and 30.3% respectively). Healthcare challenges of Syrian pregnant and lactating mothers were reported to be associated primarily with "food, finance, and housing difficulties", low maternal education, and cultural and environmental issues. HCWs recommended various solutions, such as supporting breastfeeding, offering nutrition and health support, promoting family planning, improving healthcare systems through legislation, and addressing cultural barriers.To address breastfeeding issues among Syrian mothers, it is crucial to provide breastfeeding training to both HCWs and mothers. Expanding interventions that support breastfeeding-friendly practices, including community support and food aid for breastfeeding mothers, should also be considered to address the social determinants of breastfeeding.CONCLUSIONSTo address breastfeeding issues among Syrian mothers, it is crucial to provide breastfeeding training to both HCWs and mothers. Expanding interventions that support breastfeeding-friendly practices, including community support and food aid for breastfeeding mothers, should also be considered to address the social determinants of breastfeeding. |
| ArticleNumber | 38 |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Erat Nergiz, Meryem Yalçın, Siddika Songül Yalçın, Suzan |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Siddika Songül orcidid: 0000-0001-9061-4281 surname: Yalçın fullname: Yalçın, Siddika Songül email: siyalcin@hacettepe.edu.tr organization: Departmant of Social Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Child Health, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. siyalcin@hacettepe.edu.tr – sequence: 2 givenname: Meryem surname: Erat Nergiz fullname: Erat Nergiz, Meryem organization: Department of Pediatrics, Yenimahalle Research Hospital, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey – sequence: 3 givenname: Suzan surname: Yalçın fullname: Yalçın, Suzan organization: Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey |
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| Keywords | Syrian refugees Social determinants of health Breastfeeding-friendly Turkey Breastfeeding |
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| References | V Bayram Değer (579_CR5) 2020; 15 JPC Dukuzumuremyi (579_CR17) 2020; 15 SS Yalcin (579_CR8) 2023; 18 579_CR10 SS Yalçin (579_CR25) 2011; 96 M de Vera Reyes (579_CR3) 2020 N Sayed (579_CR14) 2021; 19 I Engebretsen (579_CR13) 2010; 5 Q Jiang (579_CR24) 2022; 17 579_CR9 S Halasa (579_CR12) 2022 R Pérez-Escamilla (579_CR31) 2016; 12 CM Frazier (579_CR19) 2023; 44 AC Munn (579_CR29) 2016; 11 J Abou-Rizk (579_CR11) 2022; 14 CG Victora (579_CR1) 2016; 387 SS Yalçin (579_CR6) 2022; 17 CN Walters (579_CR22) 2023; 18 N Çaylan (579_CR28) 2022; 28 T Sha (579_CR21) 2019; 19 JA Kavle (579_CR16) 2017; 20 579_CR20 M Ozkaya (579_CR7) 2022; 142 579_CR26 579_CR4 SK Orr (579_CR18) 2018; 190 KR Standish (579_CR27) 2022; 44 579_CR2 L Pezley (579_CR23) 2022; 17 A Webb-Girard (579_CR15) 2012; 8 PE Erkul (579_CR30) 2010; 18 SS Yalçın (579_CR32) 2021 |
| References_xml | – volume: 17 start-page: 10 year: 2022 ident: 579_CR6 publication-title: Int Breastfeed J doi: 10.1186/s13006-022-00450-3 contributor: fullname: SS Yalçin – volume: 14 start-page: 4459 issue: 21 year: 2022 ident: 579_CR11 publication-title: Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu14214459 contributor: fullname: J Abou-Rizk – volume: 18 start-page: 10 year: 2023 ident: 579_CR8 publication-title: Int Breastfeed J doi: 10.1186/s13006-022-00538-w contributor: fullname: SS Yalcin – ident: 579_CR20 doi: 10.1080/19320248.2022.2053629 – ident: 579_CR4 – ident: 579_CR2 – volume: 44 start-page: 186 issue: 2 year: 2022 ident: 579_CR27 publication-title: Clin Ther doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2021.11.010 contributor: fullname: KR Standish – ident: 579_CR26 – volume: 12 start-page: 402 issue: 3 year: 2016 ident: 579_CR31 publication-title: Matern Child Nutr doi: 10.1111/mcn.12294 contributor: fullname: R Pérez-Escamilla – volume: 8 start-page: 199 issue: 2 year: 2012 ident: 579_CR15 publication-title: Matern Child Nutr doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8709.2010.00272.x contributor: fullname: A Webb-Girard – volume: 387 start-page: 475 issue: 10017 year: 2016 ident: 579_CR1 publication-title: The Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01024-7 contributor: fullname: CG Victora – ident: 579_CR10 – volume: 17 start-page: 60 issue: 1 year: 2022 ident: 579_CR24 publication-title: Int Breastfeed J doi: 10.1186/s13006-022-00504-6 contributor: fullname: Q Jiang – volume: 17 start-page: 67 issue: 1 year: 2022 ident: 579_CR23 publication-title: Int Breastfeed J doi: 10.1186/s13006-022-00501-9 contributor: fullname: L Pezley – ident: 579_CR9 – volume: 44 start-page: 234 issue: 3 year: 2023 ident: 579_CR19 publication-title: Health Care Women Int doi: 10.1080/07399332.2021.1929992 contributor: fullname: CM Frazier – volume: 142 start-page: 46 issue: 1 year: 2022 ident: 579_CR7 publication-title: Perspect Public Health doi: 10.1177/1757913920964520 contributor: fullname: M Ozkaya – volume: 11 start-page: 222 issue: 5 year: 2016 ident: 579_CR29 publication-title: Breastfeed Med doi: 10.1089/bfm.2015.0135 contributor: fullname: AC Munn – volume: 96 start-page: 900 issue: 9 year: 2011 ident: 579_CR25 publication-title: Arch Dis Child doi: 10.1136/adc.2011.214007 contributor: fullname: SS Yalçin – volume: 18 start-page: 31 issue: 1 year: 2010 ident: 579_CR30 publication-title: Cent Eur J Public Health doi: 10.21101/cejph.a3552 contributor: fullname: PE Erkul – volume: 20 start-page: 3120 issue: 17 year: 2017 ident: 579_CR16 publication-title: Public Health Nutr doi: 10.1017/S1368980017002531 contributor: fullname: JA Kavle – volume: 18 start-page: 18 issue: 1 year: 2023 ident: 579_CR22 publication-title: Int Breastfeed J doi: 10.1186/s13006-023-00549-1 contributor: fullname: CN Walters – volume: 15 start-page: 70 year: 2020 ident: 579_CR17 publication-title: Int Breastfeed J doi: 10.1186/s13006-020-00313-9 contributor: fullname: JPC Dukuzumuremyi – volume: 5 start-page: 13 year: 2010 ident: 579_CR13 publication-title: Int Breastfeed J doi: 10.1186/1746-4358-5-13 contributor: fullname: I Engebretsen – volume: 19 start-page: 351 issue: 1 year: 2021 ident: 579_CR14 publication-title: Int J Environ Res Public Health doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010351 contributor: fullname: N Sayed – volume: 28 start-page: 352 issue: 5 year: 2022 ident: 579_CR28 publication-title: East Mediterr Health J doi: 10.26719/emhj.22.021 contributor: fullname: N Çaylan – volume: 190 start-page: E312 issue: 11 year: 2018 ident: 579_CR18 publication-title: CMAJ doi: 10.1503/cmaj.170880 contributor: fullname: SK Orr – start-page: 377 volume-title: Nursing management of Pediatric Disaster year: 2020 ident: 579_CR3 doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-43428-1_17 contributor: fullname: M de Vera Reyes – volume: 15 start-page: 170 issue: 3 year: 2020 ident: 579_CR5 publication-title: Breastfeed Med doi: 10.1089/bfm.2019.0233 contributor: fullname: V Bayram Değer – year: 2022 ident: 579_CR12 publication-title: Res Square: preprint doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1670497/v1 contributor: fullname: S Halasa – start-page: 124 volume-title: What every physician should know about Breastfeeding year: 2021 ident: 579_CR32 contributor: fullname: SS Yalçın – volume: 19 start-page: 388 year: 2019 ident: 579_CR21 publication-title: BMC Pregnancy Childbirth doi: 10.1186/s12884-019-2559-1 contributor: fullname: T Sha |
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| Snippet | The influx of Syrian refugees into Turkey has highlighted the importance of supporting breastfeeding practices among this vulnerable population. We aimed to... Abstract Background The influx of Syrian refugees into Turkey has highlighted the importance of supporting breastfeeding practices among this vulnerable... Background The influx of Syrian refugees into Turkey has highlighted the importance of supporting breastfeeding practices among this vulnerable population. We... BackgroundThe influx of Syrian refugees into Turkey has highlighted the importance of supporting breastfeeding practices among this vulnerable population. We... Abstract Background The influx of Syrian refugees into Turkey has highlighted the importance of supporting breastfeeding practices among this vulnerable... |
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| SubjectTerms | Analysis Bilingualism Breast feeding Breast Feeding - psychology Breast milk Breastfeeding Breastfeeding & lactation Breastfeeding-friendly Chi-square test Dairy products Education Employment Family planning Female Food Food and nutrition Food security Health care Health care reform Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice Health Personnel Housing Humans Infant Infants Interpreters Lactation Maternal & child health Medical personnel Midwifery Milk, Human Mothers Mothers - psychology Nurses Political activity Political aspects Pregnancy Refugees Social aspects Social determinants of health Syria Syrian refugees Text messaging Turkey Workers |
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| Title | Evaluation of breastfeeding and infant feeding attitudes among syrian refugees in Turkey: observations of Syrian healthcare workers |
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