Oxidized Products of α-Linolenic Acid Negatively Regulate Cellular Survival and Motility of Breast Cancer Cells

• Published in: Biomolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 10; no. 1; p. 50
• Main Authors: Gutierrez-Pajares, Jorge L, Ben Hassen, Celine, Oger, Camille, Galano, Jean-Marie, Durand, Thierry, Frank, Philippe G
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.01.2020; MDPI
• Subjects: alpha-Linolenic Acid; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Biochemistry; Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Breast cancer; Breast Neoplasms; Cancer; Cell Behavior; Cell cycle; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cell viability; Cellular Biology; Chemosensitization; Cytotoxicity; Diet; Doxorubicin; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Female; Food and Nutrition; Furans; Humans; Inflammation; Leukocyte migration; Life Sciences; Linolenic acid; lipids; Macrophages; MCF-7 Cells; Molecular biology; Motility; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative stress; phytoprostane; Prostanoic Acids; Seeds; Stains & staining; Subcellular Processes; Tumor cell lines; France; breast cancer; lipids; phytoprostane; Phytoprostane; Lipids; Breast cancer
• ISSN: 2218-273X; 2218-273X
• DOI: 10.3390/biom10010050

Despite recent advances in our understanding of the biological processes leading to the development and progression of cancer, there is still a need for new and effective agents to treat this disease. Phytoprostanes (PhytoPs) and phytofurans (PhytoFs) are non-enzymatically oxidized products of α-linolenic acid that are present in seeds and vegetable oils. They have been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and apoptosis-promoting activities in macrophages and leukemia cells, respectively. In this work, seven PhytoPs (PP1-PP7) and one PhytoFs (PF1) were evaluated for their cytotoxic, chemosensitization, and anti-migratory activities using the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. Among the tested compounds, only three PhytoPs had a significant effect on cell viability compared to the control group: -9-L -PhytoP (PP6) decreased cell viability in both cell lines, while 16-F -PhytoP (PP1) and 9-L -PhytoP (PP5) decreased viability of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively. When combined with a sub-cytotoxic dose of doxorubicin, these three PhytoPs displayed significantly enhanced cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 cells while the chemotherapeutic drug alone had no effect. In cellular motility assays, -9-( )-12- -ST-Δ -13-PhytoF could significantly inhibit cellular migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, -9-( )-12- -ST-Δ -13-PhytoF also enhanced cellular adhesion of MDA-MB-231 cells.