Peroxisomes Contain a Specific Phytanoyl-CoA/Pristanoyl-CoA Thioesterase Acting as a Novel Auxiliary Enzyme in α- and β-Oxidation of Methyl-branched Fatty Acids in Mouse

Phytanic acid and pristanic acid are derived from phytol, which enter the body via the diet. Phytanic acid contains a methyl group in position three and, therefore, cannot undergo β-oxidation directly but instead must first undergo α-oxidation to pristanic acid, which then enters β-oxidation. Both t...

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Published inThe Journal of biological chemistry Vol. 282; no. 37; pp. 26707 - 26716
Main Authors Westin, Maria A.K., Hunt, Mary C., Alexson, Stefan E.H.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Elsevier Inc 14.09.2007
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Abstract Phytanic acid and pristanic acid are derived from phytol, which enter the body via the diet. Phytanic acid contains a methyl group in position three and, therefore, cannot undergo β-oxidation directly but instead must first undergo α-oxidation to pristanic acid, which then enters β-oxidation. Both these pathways occur in peroxisomes, and in this study we have identified a novel peroxisomal acyl-CoA thioesterase named ACOT6, which we show is specifically involved in phytanic acid and pristanic acid metabolism. Sequence analysis of ACOT6 revealed a putative peroxisomal targeting signal at the C-terminal end, and cellular localization experiments verified it as a peroxisomal enzyme. Subcellular fractionation experiments showed that peroxisomes contain by far the highest phytanoyl-CoA/pristanoyl-CoA thioesterase activity in the cell, which could be almost completely immunoprecipitated using an ACOT6 antibody. Acot6 mRNA was mainly expressed in white adipose tissue and was co-expressed in tissues with Acox3 (the pristanoyl-CoA oxidase). Furthermore, Acot6 was identified as a target gene of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and is up-regulated in mouse liver in a PPARα-dependent manner.
AbstractList Phytanic acid and pristanic acid are derived from phytol, which enter the body via the diet. Phytanic acid contains a methyl group in position three and, therefore, cannot undergo β-oxidation directly but instead must first undergo α-oxidation to pristanic acid, which then enters β-oxidation. Both these pathways occur in peroxisomes, and in this study we have identified a novel peroxisomal acyl-CoA thioesterase named ACOT6, which we show is specifically involved in phytanic acid and pristanic acid metabolism. Sequence analysis of ACOT6 revealed a putative peroxisomal targeting signal at the C-terminal end, and cellular localization experiments verified it as a peroxisomal enzyme. Subcellular fractionation experiments showed that peroxisomes contain by far the highest phytanoyl-CoA/pristanoyl-CoA thioesterase activity in the cell, which could be almost completely immunoprecipitated using an ACOT6 antibody. Acot6 mRNA was mainly expressed in white adipose tissue and was co-expressed in tissues with Acox3 (the pristanoyl-CoA oxidase). Furthermore, Acot6 was identified as a target gene of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and is up-regulated in mouse liver in a PPARα-dependent manner.
Phytanic acid and pristanic acid are derived from phytol, which enter the body via the diet. Phytanic acid contains a methyl group in position three and, therefore, cannot undergo beta-oxidation directly but instead must first undergo alpha-oxidation to pristanic acid, which then enters beta-oxidation. Both these pathways occur in peroxisomes, and in this study we have identified a novel peroxisomal acyl-CoA thioesterase named ACOT6, which we show is specifically involved in phytanic acid and pristanic acid metabolism. Sequence analysis of ACOT6 revealed a putative peroxisomal targeting signal at the C-terminal end, and cellular localization experiments verified it as a peroxisomal enzyme. Subcellular fractionation experiments showed that peroxisomes contain by far the highest phytanoyl-CoA/pristanoyl-CoA thioesterase activity in the cell, which could be almost completely immunoprecipitated using an ACOT6 antibody. Acot6 mRNA was mainly expressed in white adipose tissue and was co-expressed in tissues with Acox3 (the pristanoyl-CoA oxidase). Furthermore, Acot6 was identified as a target gene of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) and is up-regulated in mouse liver in a PPARalpha-dependent manner.
Author Alexson, Stefan E.H.
Westin, Maria A.K.
Hunt, Mary C.
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Snippet Phytanic acid and pristanic acid are derived from phytol, which enter the body via the diet. Phytanic acid contains a methyl group in position three and,...
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SubjectTerms Animals
Base Sequence
Coenzyme A - metabolism
Fatty Acids - metabolism
Male
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Molecular Sequence Data
Oxidation-Reduction
Peroxisomes - enzymology
Phytanic Acid - analogs & derivatives
Phytanic Acid - metabolism
PPAR alpha - physiology
Thiolester Hydrolases - physiology
Title Peroxisomes Contain a Specific Phytanoyl-CoA/Pristanoyl-CoA Thioesterase Acting as a Novel Auxiliary Enzyme in α- and β-Oxidation of Methyl-branched Fatty Acids in Mouse
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