The roles of health literacy and social support in the association between smartphone ownership and frailty in older adults: a moderated mediation model

Understanding the role of smartphones to promote the health status of older adults is important in the digital society. Little is known about the effects of having smartphones on physical frailty despite its positive effect on the well-being of older adults. This study aimed to explore the associati...

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Published inBMC public health Vol. 24; no. 1; p. 1064
Main Authors Yi, Jinseon, Yoon, Ju Young, Won, Chang Won, Kim, Miji, Lee, Kyoung Suk
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England BioMed Central Ltd 17.04.2024
BioMed Central
BMC
Subjects
Adults
Aging
Analysis
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases
Cellular telephones
Cohort analysis
Coronary artery disease
Digital divide
Digital divide (Technology)
Digital health
Energy consumption
Exercise
Frail elderly
Frailty
Health aspects
Health education
Health literacy
Health promotion
Heart diseases
Hypotheses
Internet access
Literacy
Older people
Ownership
Phenotypes
Psychological aspects
Questionnaires
Risk factors
Risk taking
Smart phones
Smartphone
Smartphones
Social aspects
Social interactions
Social networks
Social support
Surveillance systems
South Korea
United States > US
Health literacy
Frailty
Digital health
Digital divide
Smartphone
Social support
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Abstract Understanding the role of smartphones to promote the health status of older adults is important in the digital society. Little is known about the effects of having smartphones on physical frailty despite its positive effect on the well-being of older adults. This study aimed to explore the association between smartphone ownership and frailty in community-dwelling older adults and its underlying mechanism. We used data from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study and analyzed 2,469 older adults aged 72-86 years. Frailty, health literacy, and social support were assessed by Fried's frailty phenotype, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System health literacy module, and the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Social Support Instrument, respectively. The mediation model and moderated mediation model were estimated, where the mediator was health literacy and the moderator was social support, to explore the relationship between smartphone ownership and frailty. Of our study participants, 58.9% owned smartphones, and 10.9% were classified as frail. Smartphone ownership was negatively associated with frailty (β = -0.623, p < 0.001). Health literacy mediated the relationship between smartphone ownership and frailty (β = -0.154, boot confidence interval [CI] = - 0.222, - 0.096), and social support moderated the mediation effect (β = -0.010, Boot CI = - 0.016, - 0.004). Owning smartphones among older adults could reduce the risk of frailty. Promoting health literacy and social support among older adults with smartphones would be effective to prevent frailty.
AbstractList BackgroundUnderstanding the role of smartphones to promote the health status of older adults is important in the digital society. Little is known about the effects of having smartphones on physical frailty despite its positive effect on the well-being of older adults. This study aimed to explore the association between smartphone ownership and frailty in community-dwelling older adults and its underlying mechanism.MethodsWe used data from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study and analyzed 2,469 older adults aged 72–86 years. Frailty, health literacy, and social support were assessed by Fried’s frailty phenotype, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System health literacy module, and the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Social Support Instrument, respectively. The mediation model and moderated mediation model were estimated, where the mediator was health literacy and the moderator was social support, to explore the relationship between smartphone ownership and frailty.ResultsOf our study participants, 58.9% owned smartphones, and 10.9% were classified as frail. Smartphone ownership was negatively associated with frailty (β = −0.623, p < 0.001). Health literacy mediated the relationship between smartphone ownership and frailty (β = −0.154, boot confidence interval [CI] = − 0.222, − 0.096), and social support moderated the mediation effect (β = −0.010, Boot CI = − 0.016, − 0.004).ConclusionsOwning smartphones among older adults could reduce the risk of frailty. Promoting health literacy and social support among older adults with smartphones would be effective to prevent frailty.
Understanding the role of smartphones to promote the health status of older adults is important in the digital society. Little is known about the effects of having smartphones on physical frailty despite its positive effect on the well-being of older adults. This study aimed to explore the association between smartphone ownership and frailty in community-dwelling older adults and its underlying mechanism. We used data from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study and analyzed 2,469 older adults aged 72-86 years. Frailty, health literacy, and social support were assessed by Fried's frailty phenotype, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System health literacy module, and the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Social Support Instrument, respectively. The mediation model and moderated mediation model were estimated, where the mediator was health literacy and the moderator was social support, to explore the relationship between smartphone ownership and frailty. Of our study participants, 58.9% owned smartphones, and 10.9% were classified as frail. Smartphone ownership was negatively associated with frailty ([beta] = -0.623, p < 0.001). Health literacy mediated the relationship between smartphone ownership and frailty ([beta] = -0.154, boot confidence interval [CI] = - 0.222, - 0.096), and social support moderated the mediation effect ([beta] = -0.010, Boot CI = - 0.016, - 0.004). Owning smartphones among older adults could reduce the risk of frailty. Promoting health literacy and social support among older adults with smartphones would be effective to prevent frailty.
BACKGROUNDUnderstanding the role of smartphones to promote the health status of older adults is important in the digital society. Little is known about the effects of having smartphones on physical frailty despite its positive effect on the well-being of older adults. This study aimed to explore the association between smartphone ownership and frailty in community-dwelling older adults and its underlying mechanism.METHODSWe used data from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study and analyzed 2,469 older adults aged 72-86 years. Frailty, health literacy, and social support were assessed by Fried's frailty phenotype, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System health literacy module, and the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Social Support Instrument, respectively. The mediation model and moderated mediation model were estimated, where the mediator was health literacy and the moderator was social support, to explore the relationship between smartphone ownership and frailty.RESULTSOf our study participants, 58.9% owned smartphones, and 10.9% were classified as frail. Smartphone ownership was negatively associated with frailty (β = -0.623, p < 0.001). Health literacy mediated the relationship between smartphone ownership and frailty (β = -0.154, boot confidence interval [CI] = - 0.222, - 0.096), and social support moderated the mediation effect (β = -0.010, Boot CI = - 0.016, - 0.004).CONCLUSIONSOwning smartphones among older adults could reduce the risk of frailty. Promoting health literacy and social support among older adults with smartphones would be effective to prevent frailty.
Understanding the role of smartphones to promote the health status of older adults is important in the digital society. Little is known about the effects of having smartphones on physical frailty despite its positive effect on the well-being of older adults. This study aimed to explore the association between smartphone ownership and frailty in community-dwelling older adults and its underlying mechanism. We used data from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study and analyzed 2,469 older adults aged 72-86 years. Frailty, health literacy, and social support were assessed by Fried's frailty phenotype, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System health literacy module, and the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Social Support Instrument, respectively. The mediation model and moderated mediation model were estimated, where the mediator was health literacy and the moderator was social support, to explore the relationship between smartphone ownership and frailty. Of our study participants, 58.9% owned smartphones, and 10.9% were classified as frail. Smartphone ownership was negatively associated with frailty (β = -0.623, p < 0.001). Health literacy mediated the relationship between smartphone ownership and frailty (β = -0.154, boot confidence interval [CI] = - 0.222, - 0.096), and social support moderated the mediation effect (β = -0.010, Boot CI = - 0.016, - 0.004). Owning smartphones among older adults could reduce the risk of frailty. Promoting health literacy and social support among older adults with smartphones would be effective to prevent frailty.
Background Understanding the role of smartphones to promote the health status of older adults is important in the digital society. Little is known about the effects of having smartphones on physical frailty despite its positive effect on the well-being of older adults. This study aimed to explore the association between smartphone ownership and frailty in community-dwelling older adults and its underlying mechanism. Methods We used data from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study and analyzed 2,469 older adults aged 72-86 years. Frailty, health literacy, and social support were assessed by Fried's frailty phenotype, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System health literacy module, and the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Social Support Instrument, respectively. The mediation model and moderated mediation model were estimated, where the mediator was health literacy and the moderator was social support, to explore the relationship between smartphone ownership and frailty. Results Of our study participants, 58.9% owned smartphones, and 10.9% were classified as frail. Smartphone ownership was negatively associated with frailty ([beta] = -0.623, p < 0.001). Health literacy mediated the relationship between smartphone ownership and frailty ([beta] = -0.154, boot confidence interval [CI] = - 0.222, - 0.096), and social support moderated the mediation effect ([beta] = -0.010, Boot CI = - 0.016, - 0.004). Conclusions Owning smartphones among older adults could reduce the risk of frailty. Promoting health literacy and social support among older adults with smartphones would be effective to prevent frailty. Keywords: Smartphone, Health literacy, Social support, Frailty, Digital health, Digital divide
Abstract Background Understanding the role of smartphones to promote the health status of older adults is important in the digital society. Little is known about the effects of having smartphones on physical frailty despite its positive effect on the well-being of older adults. This study aimed to explore the association between smartphone ownership and frailty in community-dwelling older adults and its underlying mechanism. Methods We used data from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study and analyzed 2,469 older adults aged 72–86 years. Frailty, health literacy, and social support were assessed by Fried’s frailty phenotype, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System health literacy module, and the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Social Support Instrument, respectively. The mediation model and moderated mediation model were estimated, where the mediator was health literacy and the moderator was social support, to explore the relationship between smartphone ownership and frailty. Results Of our study participants, 58.9% owned smartphones, and 10.9% were classified as frail. Smartphone ownership was negatively associated with frailty (β = −0.623, p < 0.001). Health literacy mediated the relationship between smartphone ownership and frailty (β = −0.154, boot confidence interval [CI] = − 0.222, − 0.096), and social support moderated the mediation effect (β = −0.010, Boot CI = − 0.016, − 0.004). Conclusions Owning smartphones among older adults could reduce the risk of frailty. Promoting health literacy and social support among older adults with smartphones would be effective to prevent frailty.
Abstract Background Understanding the role of smartphones to promote the health status of older adults is important in the digital society. Little is known about the effects of having smartphones on physical frailty despite its positive effect on the well-being of older adults. This study aimed to explore the association between smartphone ownership and frailty in community-dwelling older adults and its underlying mechanism. Methods We used data from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study and analyzed 2,469 older adults aged 72–86 years. Frailty, health literacy, and social support were assessed by Fried’s frailty phenotype, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System health literacy module, and the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Social Support Instrument, respectively. The mediation model and moderated mediation model were estimated, where the mediator was health literacy and the moderator was social support, to explore the relationship between smartphone ownership and frailty. Results Of our study participants, 58.9% owned smartphones, and 10.9% were classified as frail. Smartphone ownership was negatively associated with frailty ( β = −0.623, p <  0.001 ). Health literacy mediated the relationship between smartphone ownership and frailty ( β = −0.154, boot confidence interval [CI] = − 0.222, − 0.096), and social support moderated the mediation effect ( β = −0.010, Boot CI = − 0.016, − 0.004). Conclusions Owning smartphones among older adults could reduce the risk of frailty. Promoting health literacy and social support among older adults with smartphones would be effective to prevent frailty.
ArticleNumber 1064
Audience Academic
Author Won, Chang Won
Lee, Kyoung Suk
Yi, Jinseon
Yoon, Ju Young
Kim, Miji
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Issue 1
Keywords Health literacy
Frailty
Digital health
Digital divide
Smartphone
Social support
Language English
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Snippet Understanding the role of smartphones to promote the health status of older adults is important in the digital society. Little is known about the effects of...
Abstract Background Understanding the role of smartphones to promote the health status of older adults is important in the digital society. Little is known...
Background Understanding the role of smartphones to promote the health status of older adults is important in the digital society. Little is known about the...
BackgroundUnderstanding the role of smartphones to promote the health status of older adults is important in the digital society. Little is known about the...
BACKGROUNDUnderstanding the role of smartphones to promote the health status of older adults is important in the digital society. Little is known about the...
Abstract Background Understanding the role of smartphones to promote the health status of older adults is important in the digital society. Little is known...
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pubmedcentral
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SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
StartPage 1064
SubjectTerms Adults
Aging
Analysis
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases
Cellular telephones
Cohort analysis
Coronary artery disease
Digital divide
Digital divide (Technology)
Digital health
Energy consumption
Exercise
Frail elderly
Frailty
Health aspects
Health education
Health literacy
Health promotion
Heart diseases
Hypotheses
Internet access
Literacy
Older people
Ownership
Phenotypes
Psychological aspects
Questionnaires
Risk factors
Risk taking
Smart phones
Smartphone
Smartphones
Social aspects
Social interactions
Social networks
Social support
Surveillance systems
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Title The roles of health literacy and social support in the association between smartphone ownership and frailty in older adults: a moderated mediation model
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38632509
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3054183238
https://search.proquest.com/docview/3041234932
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC11037091
https://doaj.org/article/cdc2c31ae11f43b09f4b67b022503347
Volume 24
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