Growth responses of 53 open-pollinated loblolly pine families to ozone and acid rain
Field exposures of 9950 containerized 12-wk-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings representing 53 commercially important, open-pollinated families were conducted to evaluate individual and interactive effects of acid rain and O3 on growth response. A 36-plot field research facility comprised...
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Published in | Journal of environmental quality Vol. 23; no. 2; pp. 247 - 257 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Madison, WI
American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America
01.03.1994
Crop Science Society of America American Society of Agronomy |
Subjects | |
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Abstract | Field exposures of 9950 containerized 12-wk-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings representing 53 commercially important, open-pollinated families were conducted to evaluate individual and interactive effects of acid rain and O3 on growth response. A 36-plot field research facility comprised of 33 open-top chambers and three open plots was used to test effects of five levels that included ambient (A) and seasonally integrated levels that were 0.53, 1.10, 1.58, or 2.15 times ambient. Individual effects of three levels of simulated acid rain (pH 3.3, 4.5, and 5.2) as well as their interaction with O3 at 0.53A, 1.58A, and 2.15A levels were also included. Exposure to ambient air reduced average growth in height (26%), diameter (5%), and volume (14%) compared with growth of seedlings exposed to a 47% lower dose in charcoal filtered (CF) air. Responses to increasing O3 above ambient levels varied widely between families, became increasingly inhibitory at the highest O3 levels, but did not significantly exceed growth reductions found in ambient air. Diameter growth was reduced in most families by all levels of O3 addition. Acid rain caused a general stimulation of height growth at ambient levels (pH 4.5), while both height and diameter growth were reduced at a mean pH of 3.3. Significant antagonism between rainfall acidity and O3 effects on height and biomass increment was detected with increasing pollutant concentrations. Ozone reduced root/shoot biomass in most families, while acid rain did not |
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AbstractList | Field exposures of 9950 containerized 12‐wk‐old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings representing 53 commercially important, open‐pollinated families were conducted to evaluate individual and interactive effects of acid rain and O3 on growth response. A 36‐plot field research facility comprised of 33 open‐top chambers and three open plots was used to test effects of five O3 levels that included ambient (A) and seasonally integrated levels that were 0.53, 1.10, 1.58, or 2.15 times ambient. Individual effects of three levels of simulated acid rain (pH 3.3, 4.5, and 5.2) as well as their interaction with O3 at 0.53A, 1.58A, and 2.15A levels were also included. Exposure to ambient air reduced average growth in height (26%), diameter (5%), and volume (14%) compared with growth of seedlings exposed to a 47% lower dose in charcoal filtered (CF) air. Responses to increasing O3 above ambient levels varied widely between families, became increasingly inhibitory at the highest O3 levels, but did not significantly exceed growth reductions found in ambient air. Diameter growth was reduced in most families by all levels of O3 addition. Acid rain caused a general stimulation of height growth at ambient levels (pH 4.5), while both height and diameter growth were reduced at a mean pH of 3.3. Significant antagonism between rainfall acidity and O3 effects on height and biomass increment was detected with increasing pollutant concentrations. Ozone reduced root/shoot biomass in most families, while acid rain did not. Field exposures of 9950 containerized 12-wk-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings representing 53 commercially important, open-pollinated families were conducted to evaluate individual and interactive effects of acid rain and O sub(3) on growth response. A 36-plot field research facility comprised of 33 open-top chambers and three open plots was used to test effects of five O sub(3) levels that included ambient (A) and seasonally integrated levels that were 0.53, 1.10, 1.58, or 2.15 times ambient. Individual effects of three levels of simulated acid rain (pH 3.3, 4.5, and 5.2) as well as their interaction with O sub(3) at 0.53A, 1.58A, and 2.15A levels were also included. Exposure to ambient air reduced average growth in height (26%), diameter (5%), and volume (14%) compared with growth of seedlings exposed to a 47% lower dose in charcoal filtered (CF) air. Responses to increasing O sub(3) above ambient levels varied widely between families, became increasingly inhibitory at the highest O sub(3) levels, but did not significantly exceed growth reductions found in ambient air. Diameter growth was reduced in most families by all levels of O sub(3) addition. Acid rain caused a general stimulation of height growth at ambient levels (pH 4.5), while both height and diameter growth were reduced at a mean pH of 3.3. Significant antagonism between rainfall acidity and O sub(3) effects on height and biomass increment was detected with increasing pollutant concentrations. Ozone reduced root/shoot biomass in most families, while acid rain did not. Field exposures of 9950 containerized 12-wk-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings representing 53 commercially important, open-pollinated families were conducted to evaluate individual and interactive effects of acid rain and O3 on growth response. A 36-plot field research facility comprised of 33 open-top chambers and three open plots was used to test effects of five levels that included ambient (A) and seasonally integrated levels that were 0.53, 1.10, 1.58, or 2.15 times ambient. Individual effects of three levels of simulated acid rain (pH 3.3, 4.5, and 5.2) as well as their interaction with O3 at 0.53A, 1.58A, and 2.15A levels were also included. Exposure to ambient air reduced average growth in height (26%), diameter (5%), and volume (14%) compared with growth of seedlings exposed to a 47% lower dose in charcoal filtered (CF) air. Responses to increasing O3 above ambient levels varied widely between families, became increasingly inhibitory at the highest O3 levels, but did not significantly exceed growth reductions found in ambient air. Diameter growth was reduced in most families by all levels of O3 addition. Acid rain caused a general stimulation of height growth at ambient levels (pH 4.5), while both height and diameter growth were reduced at a mean pH of 3.3. Significant antagonism between rainfall acidity and O3 effects on height and biomass increment was detected with increasing pollutant concentrations. Ozone reduced root/shoot biomass in most families, while acid rain did not Abstract Field exposures of 9950 containerized 12‐wk‐old loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda L.) seedlings representing 53 commercially important, open‐pollinated families were conducted to evaluate individual and interactive effects of acid rain and O 3 on growth response. A 36‐plot field research facility comprised of 33 open‐top chambers and three open plots was used to test effects of five O 3 levels that included ambient (A) and seasonally integrated levels that were 0.53, 1.10, 1.58, or 2.15 times ambient. Individual effects of three levels of simulated acid rain (pH 3.3, 4.5, and 5.2) as well as their interaction with O 3 at 0.53A, 1.58A, and 2.15A levels were also included. Exposure to ambient air reduced average growth in height (26%), diameter (5%), and volume (14%) compared with growth of seedlings exposed to a 47% lower dose in charcoal filtered (CF) air. Responses to increasing O 3 above ambient levels varied widely between families, became increasingly inhibitory at the highest O 3 levels, but did not significantly exceed growth reductions found in ambient air. Diameter growth was reduced in most families by all levels of O 3 addition. Acid rain caused a general stimulation of height growth at ambient levels (pH 4.5), while both height and diameter growth were reduced at a mean pH of 3.3. Significant antagonism between rainfall acidity and O 3 effects on height and biomass increment was detected with increasing pollutant concentrations. Ozone reduced root/shoot biomass in most families, while acid rain did not. |
Author | Hanson, P.J Adams, M.B McLaughlin, S.B O'Neill, E.G Layton, P.A Roy, W.K Edwards, N.T |
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Copyright | 1994 American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America 1994 INIST-CNRS Copyright American Society of Agronomy Mar-Apr 1994 |
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Keywords | Open top chamber Growth Interaction Pinus taeda Acid rain Ozone Allogamy Genotype environment interaction Genetic improvement Softwood forest tree Gymnospermae Air pollution Coniferales Spermatophyta Intraspecific comparison Pollutant effect |
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Snippet | Field exposures of 9950 containerized 12-wk-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings representing 53 commercially important, open-pollinated families were... Field exposures of 9950 containerized 12‐wk‐old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings representing 53 commercially important, open‐pollinated families were... Abstract Field exposures of 9950 containerized 12‐wk‐old loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda L.) seedlings representing 53 commercially important, open‐pollinated... |
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SubjectTerms | Acid rain Adaptation to environment and cultivation conditions Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions ALTURA Biological and medical sciences BIOMASA BIOMASSE CONTAMINANTES CRECIMIENTO CROISSANCE DIAMETRE DIAMETRO Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Genetics and breeding of economic plants HAUTEUR LLUVIA ACIDA OZONE OZONO Pine trees PINUS TAEDA PLANTULAS PLANTULE PLUIE ACIDE POLLUANT POLLUTION ATMOSPHERIQUE POLUCION DEL AIRE RACINE RAICES TALLO TIGE Varietal selection. Specialized plant breeding, plant breeding aims VOLUME VOLUMEN |
Title | Growth responses of 53 open-pollinated loblolly pine families to ozone and acid rain |
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