Cardiac responses of rats submitted to postnatal protein restriction
Undernutrition during critical stages of development and childhood has important effects on cardiovascular homeostasis. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the in vivo and ex vivo cardiac function of rats submitted to postnatal protein restriction. Male Wistar rats (28 days old) were fed a...
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| Published in | Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism Vol. 37; no. 3; pp. 455 - 462 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Canada
NRC Research Press
01.06.2012
Canadian Science Publishing NRC Research Press |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1715-5312 1715-5320 1715-5320 |
| DOI | 10.1139/h2012-017 |
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| Abstract | Undernutrition during critical stages of development and childhood has important effects on cardiovascular homeostasis. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the in vivo and ex vivo cardiac function of rats submitted to postnatal protein restriction. Male Wistar rats (28 days old) were fed a regular (20%) or low-protein (6%) diet over 5 weeks. After this period, cardiac function was analyzed by echocardiography and isolated heart preparation. Furthermore, the density of cardiac noradrenergic fibers and hematological profile were evaluated. We found that malnourished rats exhibited elevated arterial blood pressure, increased fractional shortening (echocardiography), increased systolic tension, increased ±dT/dt (isolated heart technique), impaired diastolic function characterized by a slight increase in the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (echocardiography) and decreased diastolic tension (isolated heart technique), and cardiac hypertrophy evidenced by augmentation of the posterior left ventricular wall and discrete hematological changes. In addition, malnourished rats exhibited increased noradrenergic fiber density in their hearts (0.08% ± 0.02% area in control rats vs. 0.17% ± 0.03% area in malnourished rats). Our current data demonstrate that postnatal protein restriction causes cardiac adaptation characterized by an early overworking heart. This is at least in part mediated by an increase in the efferent sympathetic fibers to the heart. These findings provide important information for efforts to prevent and manage the consequences of undernutrition in the human population. |
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| AbstractList | Undernutrition during critical stages of development and childhood has important effects on cardiovascular homeostasis. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the in vivo and ex vivo cardiac function of rats submitted to postnatal protein restriction. Male Wistar rats (28 days old) were fed a regular (20%) or low-protein (6%) diet over 5 weeks. After this period, cardiac function was analyzed by echocardiography and isolated heart preparation. Furthermore, the density of cardiac noradrenergic fibers and hematological profile were evaluated. We found that malnourished rats exhibited elevated arterial blood pressure, increased fractional shortening (echocardiography), increased systolic tension, increased ±dT/dt (isolated heart technique), impaired diastolic function characterized by a slight increase in the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (echocardiography) and decreased diastolic tension (isolated heart technique), and cardiac hypertrophy evidenced by augmentation of the posterior left ventricular wall and discrete hematological changes. In addition, malnourished rats exhibited increased noradrenergic fiber density in their hearts (0.08% ± 0.02% area in control rats vs. 0.17% ± 0.03% area in malnourished rats). Our current data demonstrate that postnatal protein restriction causes cardiac adaptation characterized by an early overworking heart. This is at least in part mediated by an increase in the efferent sympathetic fibers to the heart. These findings provide important information for efforts to prevent and manage the consequences of undernutrition in the human population. Undernutrition during critical stages of development and childhood has important effects on cardiovascular homeostasis. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the in vivo and ex vivo cardiac function of rats submitted to postnatal protein restriction. Male Wistar rats (28 days old) were fed a regular (20%) or low-protein (6%) diet over 5 weeks. After this period, cardiac function was analyzed by echocardiography and isolated heart preparation. Furthermore, the density of cardiac noradrenergic fibers and hematological profile were evaluated. We found that malnourished rats exhibited elevated arterial blood pressure, increased fractional shortening (echocardiography), increased systolic tension, increased ±dT/dt (isolated heart technique), impaired diastolic function characterized by a slight increase in the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (echocardiography) and decreased diastolic tension (isolated heart technique), and cardiac hypertrophy evidenced by augmentation of the posterior left ventricular wall and discrete hematological changes. In addition, malnourished rats exhibited increased noradrenergic fiber density in their hearts (0.08% ± 0.02% area in control rats vs. 0.17% ± 0.03% area in malnourished rats). Our current data demonstrate that postnatal protein restriction causes cardiac adaptation characterized by an early overworking heart. This is at least in part mediated by an increase in the efferent sympathetic fibers to the heart. These findings provide important information for efforts to prevent and manage the consequences of undernutrition in the human population.Undernutrition during critical stages of development and childhood has important effects on cardiovascular homeostasis. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the in vivo and ex vivo cardiac function of rats submitted to postnatal protein restriction. Male Wistar rats (28 days old) were fed a regular (20%) or low-protein (6%) diet over 5 weeks. After this period, cardiac function was analyzed by echocardiography and isolated heart preparation. Furthermore, the density of cardiac noradrenergic fibers and hematological profile were evaluated. We found that malnourished rats exhibited elevated arterial blood pressure, increased fractional shortening (echocardiography), increased systolic tension, increased ±dT/dt (isolated heart technique), impaired diastolic function characterized by a slight increase in the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (echocardiography) and decreased diastolic tension (isolated heart technique), and cardiac hypertrophy evidenced by augmentation of the posterior left ventricular wall and discrete hematological changes. In addition, malnourished rats exhibited increased noradrenergic fiber density in their hearts (0.08% ± 0.02% area in control rats vs. 0.17% ± 0.03% area in malnourished rats). Our current data demonstrate that postnatal protein restriction causes cardiac adaptation characterized by an early overworking heart. This is at least in part mediated by an increase in the efferent sympathetic fibers to the heart. These findings provide important information for efforts to prevent and manage the consequences of undernutrition in the human population. Undernutrition during critical stages of development and childhood has important effects on cardiovascular homeostasis. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the in vivo and ex vivo cardiac function of rats submitted to postnatal protein restriction. Male Wistar rats (28 days old) were fed a regular (20%) or low-protein (6%) diet over 5 weeks. After this period, cardiac function was analyzed by echocardiography and isolated heart preparation. Furthermore, the density of cardiac noradrenergic fibers and hematological profile were evaluated. We found that malnourished rats exhibited elevated arterial blood pressure, increased fractional shortening (echocardiography), increased systolic tension, increased ± dT/dt (isolated heart technique), impaired diastolic function characterized by a slight increase in the left ventricular end- diastolic diameter (echocardiography) and decreased diastolic tension (isolated heart technique), and cardiac hypertrophy evidenced by augmentation of the posterior left ventricular wall and discrete hematological changes. In addition, malnourished rats exhibited increased noradrenergic fiber density in their hearts (0.08% ± 0.02% area in control rats vs. 0.17% ± 0.03% area in malnourished rats). Our current data demonstrate that postnatal protein restriction causes cardiac adaptation characterized by an early overworking heart. This is at least in part mediated by an increase in the efferent sympathetic fibers to the heart. These findings provide important information for efforts to prevent and manage the consequences of undernutrition in the human population. Key words: heart function, noradrenergic fibers, echocardiography, undernutrition, isolated hearts, low-protein diet. La sous-nutrition durant les stades critiques du developpement de l'enfant a des effets importants sur l'homeostasie cardiovasculaire. Cette etude se propose d'evaluer in vivo et ex vivo la fonction cardiaque de rats soumis a une restriction proteique postnatale. On donne a des rats Wistar males ages de 28 jours une alimentation reguliere (20%) ou faible en proteine (6%) durant 5 semaines. Par la suite, on analyse la fonction cardiaque par echocardiographie et par une preparation de coeur isole. De plus, on evalue la densite des fibres cardiaques noradrenergiques et le profil hematologique. Les rats mal nourris presentent une pression arterielle elevee, une plus grande fraction de raccourcissement (echocardiographie), une plus grande tension systolique, une augmentation du ratio ± dT/dt (preparation de coeur isole), un trouble de la fonction diastolique caracterise par une legere augmentation du diametre telediastolique du ventricule gauche (echocardiographie), une diminution de la tension diastolique (preparation de co ur isole), une hypertrophie du co ur mise en evidence par l'epaississement de la paroi posterieure du ventricule gauche et des changements hematologiques discrets. De plus, les rats mal nourris presentent une augmentation de la densite des fibres noradrenergiques dans le co ur : 0,17 ± 0,03 % de surface comparativement a 0,08 ± 0,02 % de surface chez les rats temoins. D'apres ces observations, une restriction proteique postnatale suscite une adaptation cardiaque caracterisee par un surmenage precoce en partie cause par l'ajout de fibres sympathiques efferentes. Il s'agit la d'une information de premier plan pour deployer des efforts dans la prevention et la gestion des consequences de la sous-nutrition dans la population humaine. Mots-cles: fonction cardiaque, fibres noradrenergiques, echocardiographie, sous-nutrition, coeur isole, regime hypoproteine. [Traduit par la Redaction] Undernutrition during critical stages of development and childhood has important effects on cardiovascular homeostasis. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the in vivo and ex vivo cardiac function of rats submitted to postnatal protein restriction. Male Wistar rats (28 days old) were fed a regular (20%) or low-protein (6%) diet over 5 weeks. After this period, cardiac function was analyzed by echocardiography and isolated heart preparation. Furthermore, the density of cardiac noradrenergic fibers and hematological profile were evaluated. We found that malnourished rats exhibited elevated arterial blood pressure, increased fractional shortening (echocardiography), increased systolic tension, increased plus or minus dT/dt (isolated heart technique), impaired diastolic function characterized by a slight increase in the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (echocardiography) and decreased diastolic tension (isolated heart technique), and cardiac hypertrophy evidenced by augmentation of the posterior left ventricular wall and discrete hematological changes. In addition, malnourished rats exhibited increased noradrenergic fiber density in their hearts (0.08% plus or minus 0.02% area in control rats vs. 0.17% plus or minus 0.03% area in malnourished rats). Our current data demonstrate that postnatal protein restriction causes cardiac adaptation characterized by an early overworking heart. This is at least in part mediated by an increase in the efferent sympathetic fibers to the heart. These findings provide important information for efforts to prevent and manage the consequences of undernutrition in the human population.Original Abstract: La sous-nutrition durant les stades critiques du developpement de l'enfant a des effets importants sur l'homeostasie cardiovasculaire. Cette etude se propose d'evaluer in vivo et ex vivo la fonction cardiaque de rats soumis a une restriction proteique postnatale. On donne a des rats Wistar males ages de 28 jours une alimentation reguliere (20 %) ou faible en proteine (6 %) durant 5 semaines. Par la suite, on analyse la fonction cardiaque par echocardiographie et par une preparation de coeur isole. De plus, on evalue la densite des fibres cardiaques noradrenergiques et le profil hematologique. Les rats mal nourris presentent une pression arterielle elevee, une plus grande fraction de raccourcissement (echocardiographie), une plus grande tension systolique, une augmentation du ratio plus or minus dT/dt (preparation de coeur isole), un trouble de la fonction diastolique caracterise par une legere augmentation du diametre telediastolique du ventricule gauche (echocardiographie), une diminution de la tension diastolique (preparation de coeur isole), une hypertrophie du coeur mise en evidence par l'epaississement de la paroi posterieure du ventricule gauche et des changements hematologiques discrets. De plus, les rats mal nourris presentent une augmentation de la densite des fibres noradrenergiques dans le coeur : 0,17 plus or minus 0,03 % de surface comparativement a 0,08 plus or minus 0,02 % de surface chez les rats temoins. D'apres ces observations, une restriction proteique postnatale suscite une adaptation cardiaque caracterisee par un surmenage precoce en partie cause par l'ajout de fibres sympathiques efferentes. Il s'agit la d'une information de premier plan pour deployer des efforts dans la prevention et la gestion des consequences de la sous-nutrition dans la population humaine. Undernutrition during critical stages of development and childhood has important effects on cardiovascular homeostasis. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the in vivo and ex vivo cardiac function of rats submitted to postnatal protein restriction. Male Wistar rats (28 days old) were fed a regular (20%) or low-protein (6%) diet over 5 weeks. After this period, cardiac function was analyzed by echocardiography and isolated heart preparation. Furthermore, the density of cardiac noradrenergic fibers and hematological profile were evaluated. We found that malnourished rats exhibited elevated arterial blood pressure, increased fractional shortening (echocardiography), increased systolic tension, increased ±dT/dt (isolated heart technique), impaired diastolic function characterized by a slight increase in the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (echocardiography) and decreased diastolic tension (isolated heart technique), and cardiac hypertrophy evidenced by augmentation of the posterior left ventricular wall and discrete hematological changes. In addition, malnourished rats exhibited increased noradrenergic fiber density in their hearts (0.08% ± 0.02% area in control rats vs. 0.17% ± 0.03% area in malnourished rats). Our current data demonstrate that postnatal protein restriction causes cardiac adaptation characterized by an early overworking heart. This is at least in part mediated by an increase in the efferent sympathetic fibers to the heart. These findings provide important information for efforts to prevent and manage the consequences of undernutrition in the human population. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] Undernutrition during critical stages of development and childhood has important effects on cardiovascular homeostasis. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the in vivo and ex vivo cardiac function of rats submitted to postnatal protein restriction. Male Wistar rats (28 days old) were fed a regular (20%) or low-protein (6%) diet over 5 weeks. After this period, cardiac function was analyzed by echocardiography and isolated heart preparation. Furthermore, the density of cardiac noradrenergic fibers and hematological profile were evaluated. We found that malnourished rats exhibited elevated arterial blood pressure, increased fractional shortening (echocardiography), increased systolic tension, increased ± dT/dt (isolated heart technique), impaired diastolic function characterized by a slight increase in the left ventricular end- diastolic diameter (echocardiography) and decreased diastolic tension (isolated heart technique), and cardiac hypertrophy evidenced by augmentation of the posterior left ventricular wall and discrete hematological changes. In addition, malnourished rats exhibited increased noradrenergic fiber density in their hearts (0.08% ± 0.02% area in control rats vs. 0.17% ± 0.03% area in malnourished rats). Our current data demonstrate that postnatal protein restriction causes cardiac adaptation characterized by an early overworking heart. This is at least in part mediated by an increase in the efferent sympathetic fibers to the heart. These findings provide important information for efforts to prevent and manage the consequences of undernutrition in the human population. Undernutrition during critical stages of development and childhood has important effects on cardiovascular homeostasis. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the in vivo and ex vivo cardiac function of rats submitted to postnatal protein restriction. Male Wistar rats (28 days old) were fed a regular (20%) or low-protein (6%) diet over 5 weeks. After this period, cardiac function was analyzed by echocardiography and isolated heart preparation. Furthermore, the density of cardiac noradrenergic fibers and hematological profile were evaluated. We found that malnourished rats exhibited elevated arterial blood pressure, increased fractional shortening (echocardiography), increased systolic tension, increased ±dT/dt (isolated heart technique), impaired diastolic function characterized by a slight increase in the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (echocardiography) and decreased diastolic tension (isolated heart technique), and cardiac hypertrophy evidenced by augmentation of the posterior left ventricular wall and discrete hematological changes. In addition, malnourished rats exhibited increased noradrenergic fiber density in their hearts (0.08% ± 0.02% area in control rats vs. 0.17% ± 0.03% area in malnourished rats). Our current data demonstrate that postnatal protein restriction causes cardiac adaptation characterized by an early overworking heart. This is at least in part mediated by an increase in the efferent sympathetic fibers to the heart. These findings provide important information for efforts to prevent and manage the consequences of undernutrition in the human population. |
| Abstract_FL | La sous-nutrition durant les stades critiques du développement de l’enfant a des effets importants sur l’homéostasie cardiovasculaire. Cette étude se propose d’évaluer in vivo et ex vivo la fonction cardiaque de rats soumis à une restriction protéique postnatale. On donne à des rats Wistar mâles âgés de 28 jours une alimentation régulière (20 %) ou faible en protéine (6 %) durant 5 semaines. Par la suite, on analyse la fonction cardiaque par échocardiographie et par une préparation de cœur isolé. De plus, on évalue la densité des fibres cardiaques noradrénergiques et le profil hématologique. Les rats mal nourris présentent une pression artérielle élevée, une plus grande fraction de raccourcissement (échocardiographie), une plus grande tension systolique, une augmentation du ratio ±dT/dt (préparation de cœur isolé), un trouble de la fonction diastolique caractérisé par une légère augmentation du diamètre télédiastolique du ventricule gauche (échocardiographie), une diminution de la tension diastolique (préparation de cœur isolé), une hypertrophie du cœur mise en évidence par l’épaississement de la paroi postérieure du ventricule gauche et des changements hématologiques discrets. De plus, les rats mal nourris présentent une augmentation de la densité des fibres noradrénergiques dans le cœur : 0,17 ± 0,03 % de surface comparativement à 0,08 ± 0,02 % de surface chez les rats témoins. D’après ces observations, une restriction protéique postnatale suscite une adaptation cardiaque caractérisée par un surmenage précoce en partie causé par l’ajout de fibres sympathiques efférentes. Il s’agit là d’une information de premier plan pour déployer des efforts dans la prévention et la gestion des conséquences de la sous-nutrition dans la population humaine. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Magno, Tatiana Soares dos Reis Chianca, Deoclécio Alves Murça, Tatiane Moisés Capuruço, Carolina Andrade Bragança Ferreira, Anderson José De Maria, Marilda Luz de Andrade |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Tatiane Moisés surname: Murça fullname: Murça, Tatiane Moisés organization: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil – sequence: 2 givenname: Tatiana Soares dos Reis surname: Magno fullname: Magno, Tatiana Soares dos Reis organization: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil – sequence: 3 givenname: Marilda Luz de Andrade surname: De Maria fullname: De Maria, Marilda Luz de Andrade organization: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil – sequence: 4 givenname: Carolina Andrade Bragança surname: Capuruço fullname: Capuruço, Carolina Andrade Bragança organization: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil – sequence: 5 givenname: Deoclécio Alves surname: Chianca fullname: Chianca, Deoclécio Alves organization: Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35.400-000, MG, Brazil – sequence: 6 givenname: Anderson José surname: Ferreira fullname: Ferreira, Anderson José organization: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22497279$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_3389_fphys_2022_840179 crossref_primary_10_1093_jas_skad364 crossref_primary_10_3389_fphys_2021_638506 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijcard_2017_03_110 |
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| SubjectTerms | Adrenergic Fibers Analysis Analysis of Variance Animal subjects Animals Blood Pressure Cardiac function cardiac output Cardiomegaly - blood Cardiomegaly - diagnostic imaging Cardiorespiratory Cardiovascular disease childhood cœur isolé Diet Diet (effects) Diet - methods Diet, Protein-Restricted - methods Disease Models, Animal Echocardiography fibres noradrénergiques fonction cardiaque Health aspects Heart Heart - physiopathology Heart Diseases - blood Heart Diseases - diagnostic imaging heart function Heart Function Tests - methods Heart Rate Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging hematologic tests homeostasis human population hypertrophy isolated hearts Low-protein diet Male males malnutrition metabolism noradrenergic fibers Nutrition Physiological aspects Physiology Protein-Energy Malnutrition - blood Protein-Energy Malnutrition - physiopathology Proteins Rats Rats, Wistar Rodents régime hypoprotéiné sous-nutrition Techniques Ultrasonography undernutrition Ventricular Function, Left Ventricular Remodeling échocardiographie |
| Title | Cardiac responses of rats submitted to postnatal protein restriction |
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