PIK3CA gene is frequently mutated in breast carcinomas and hepatocellular carcinomas

• Published in: Oncogene Vol. 24; no. 8; pp. 1477 - 1480
• Main Authors: Lee, Jong Woo, Soung, Young Hwa, Kim, Su Young, Lee, Hae Woo, Park, Won Sang, Nam, Suk Woo, Kim, Sang Ho, Lee, Jung Young, Yoo, Nam Jin, Lee, Sug Hyung
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basingstoke Nature Publishing 17.02.2005; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Breast cancer; Breast carcinoma; Breast Neoplasms - genetics; Carcinoma - genetics; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - genetics; Cell physiology; Cell transformation and carcinogenesis. Action of oncogenes and antioncogenes; Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Colon; Conformation; DNA Mutational Analysis; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gastric cancer; Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen; Gene polymorphism; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Humans; Kinases; Leukemia; Lipid kinase; Lipids; Liver cancer; Liver Neoplasms - genetics; Liver. Biliary tract. Portal circulation. Exocrine pancreas; Lung cancer; Lung carcinoma; Male; Mammary gland diseases; Medical sciences; Molecular and cellular biology; Mutation; Mutation - genetics; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - genetics; Point mutation; Polymerase chain reaction; Polymorphism; Tumorigenesis; Tumors; Mammary gland diseases; Breast carcinoma; mutation; Gene; PIK3CA; Digestive diseases; Hepatic disease; Hepatocellular carcinoma; cancer; Malignant tumor; oncogene; Carcinogenesis
• DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1208304
• ISSN: 0950-9232

A recent report revealed that phosphoinositide-3-kinase, catalytic, alpha (PIK3CA) gene is somatically mutated in several types of human cancer, suggesting the mutated PIK3CA gene as an oncogene in human cancers. However, because the previous report focused the mutational search primarily on colon cancers, the data on PIK3CA mutations in other types of human cancers have been largely unknown. Here, we performed mutational analysis of the PIK3CA gene by polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism assay in 668 cases of common human cancers, including hepatocellular carcinomas, acute leukemias, gastric carcinomas, breast carcinomas, and non-small-cell lung cancers. We detected PIK3CA somatic mutations in 26 of 73 hepatocellular carcinomas (35.6%), 25 of 93 breast carcinomas (26.9%), 12 of 185 gastric carcinomas (6.5%), one of 88 acute leukemias (1.1%), and three of 229 non-small-cell lung cancers (1.3%). Some of the PIK3CA mutations were detected in the early lesions of breast cancer carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and gastric carcinomas, suggesting that PIK3CA mutation may occur independent of stage of the tumors. The high incidence and wide distribution of PIK3CA gene mutation in the common human cancers suggest that alterations of lipid kinase pathway by PIK3CA mutations contribute to the development of human cancers.