Innate immune remodeling by short‐term intensive fasting

Previous studies have shown that long‐term light or moderate fasting such as intermittent fasting can improve health and prolong lifespan. However, in humans short‐term intensive fasting, a complete water‐only fasting has little been studied. Here, we used multi‐omics tools to evaluate the impact of...

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Published inAging cell Vol. 20; no. 11; pp. e13507 - n/a
Main Authors Qian, Jiawei, Fang, Yixuan, Yuan, Na, Gao, Xueqin, Lv, Yaqi, Zhao, Chen, Zhang, Suping, Li, Quan, Li, Lei, Xu, Li, Wei, Wen, Wang, Jianrong
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.11.2021
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Subjects
Adaptive immunity
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Apoptosis
Apoptosis - genetics
Apoptosis - immunology
Arthritis
Autophagy
Autophagy - genetics
Autophagy - immunology
Calories
CD45 antigen
Cytokines
Cytokines - metabolism
Degranulation
Fasting
Fasting - blood
Female
Gene expression
Gene Expression Profiling - methods
human
Humans
Immune response
Immunity, Innate
innate immunity
Leukocyte Common Antigens - metabolism
Leukocytes (neutrophilic)
Life span
longevity
Male
Middle Aged
Neutrophils
Neutrophils - immunology
Original Paper
Original Papers
Phagocytosis
Proteins
Proteome - immunology
Proteomics
Proteomics - methods
Thrombosis
Transcriptome - immunology
Transcriptomics
Up-Regulation - genetics
Up-Regulation - immunology
Young Adult
longevity
fasting
innate immunity
human
neutrophils
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1474-9718
1474-9726
1474-9726
DOI10.1111/acel.13507

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Abstract Previous studies have shown that long‐term light or moderate fasting such as intermittent fasting can improve health and prolong lifespan. However, in humans short‐term intensive fasting, a complete water‐only fasting has little been studied. Here, we used multi‐omics tools to evaluate the impact of short‐term intensive fasting on immune function by comparison of the CD45+ leukocytes from the fasting subjects before and after 72‐h fasting. Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of CD45+ leukocytes revealed extensive expression changes, marked by higher gene upregulation than downregulation after fasting. Functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes and proteins exposed several pathways critical to metabolic and immune cell functions. Specifically, short‐term intensive fasting enhanced autophagy levels through upregulation of key members involved in the upstream signals and within the autophagy machinery, whereas apoptosis was reduced by down‐turning of apoptotic gene expression, thereby increasing the leukocyte viability. When focusing on specific leukocyte populations, peripheral neutrophils are noticeably increased by short‐term intensive fasting. Finally, proteomic analysis of leukocytes showed that short‐term intensive fasting not only increased neutrophil degranulation, but also increased cytokine secretion. Our results suggest that short‐term intensive fasting boost immune function, in particular innate immune function, at least in part by remodeling leukocytes expression profile. Short‐term intensive fasting remodels innate immunity in humans through improving neutrophil function with elevated secretion of cytokines, together with upregulation of autophagy and downregulation of apoptosis.
AbstractList Previous studies have shown that long‐term light or moderate fasting such as intermittent fasting can improve health and prolong lifespan. However, in humans short‐term intensive fasting, a complete water‐only fasting has little been studied. Here, we used multi‐omics tools to evaluate the impact of short‐term intensive fasting on immune function by comparison of the CD45+ leukocytes from the fasting subjects before and after 72‐h fasting. Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of CD45+ leukocytes revealed extensive expression changes, marked by higher gene upregulation than downregulation after fasting. Functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes and proteins exposed several pathways critical to metabolic and immune cell functions. Specifically, short‐term intensive fasting enhanced autophagy levels through upregulation of key members involved in the upstream signals and within the autophagy machinery, whereas apoptosis was reduced by down‐turning of apoptotic gene expression, thereby increasing the leukocyte viability. When focusing on specific leukocyte populations, peripheral neutrophils are noticeably increased by short‐term intensive fasting. Finally, proteomic analysis of leukocytes showed that short‐term intensive fasting not only increased neutrophil degranulation, but also increased cytokine secretion. Our results suggest that short‐term intensive fasting boost immune function, in particular innate immune function, at least in part by remodeling leukocytes expression profile.
Previous studies have shown that long-term light or moderate fasting such as intermittent fasting can improve health and prolong lifespan. However, in humans short-term intensive fasting, a complete water-only fasting has little been studied. Here, we used multi-omics tools to evaluate the impact of short-term intensive fasting on immune function by comparison of the CD45+ leukocytes from the fasting subjects before and after 72-h fasting. Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of CD45+ leukocytes revealed extensive expression changes, marked by higher gene upregulation than downregulation after fasting. Functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes and proteins exposed several pathways critical to metabolic and immune cell functions. Specifically, short-term intensive fasting enhanced autophagy levels through upregulation of key members involved in the upstream signals and within the autophagy machinery, whereas apoptosis was reduced by down-turning of apoptotic gene expression, thereby increasing the leukocyte viability. When focusing on specific leukocyte populations, peripheral neutrophils are noticeably increased by short-term intensive fasting. Finally, proteomic analysis of leukocytes showed that short-term intensive fasting not only increased neutrophil degranulation, but also increased cytokine secretion. Our results suggest that short-term intensive fasting boost immune function, in particular innate immune function, at least in part by remodeling leukocytes expression profile.Previous studies have shown that long-term light or moderate fasting such as intermittent fasting can improve health and prolong lifespan. However, in humans short-term intensive fasting, a complete water-only fasting has little been studied. Here, we used multi-omics tools to evaluate the impact of short-term intensive fasting on immune function by comparison of the CD45+ leukocytes from the fasting subjects before and after 72-h fasting. Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of CD45+ leukocytes revealed extensive expression changes, marked by higher gene upregulation than downregulation after fasting. Functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes and proteins exposed several pathways critical to metabolic and immune cell functions. Specifically, short-term intensive fasting enhanced autophagy levels through upregulation of key members involved in the upstream signals and within the autophagy machinery, whereas apoptosis was reduced by down-turning of apoptotic gene expression, thereby increasing the leukocyte viability. When focusing on specific leukocyte populations, peripheral neutrophils are noticeably increased by short-term intensive fasting. Finally, proteomic analysis of leukocytes showed that short-term intensive fasting not only increased neutrophil degranulation, but also increased cytokine secretion. Our results suggest that short-term intensive fasting boost immune function, in particular innate immune function, at least in part by remodeling leukocytes expression profile.
Previous studies have shown that long‐term light or moderate fasting such as intermittent fasting can improve health and prolong lifespan. However, in humans short‐term intensive fasting, a complete water‐only fasting has little been studied. Here, we used multi‐omics tools to evaluate the impact of short‐term intensive fasting on immune function by comparison of the CD45+ leukocytes from the fasting subjects before and after 72‐h fasting. Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of CD45+ leukocytes revealed extensive expression changes, marked by higher gene upregulation than downregulation after fasting. Functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes and proteins exposed several pathways critical to metabolic and immune cell functions. Specifically, short‐term intensive fasting enhanced autophagy levels through upregulation of key members involved in the upstream signals and within the autophagy machinery, whereas apoptosis was reduced by down‐turning of apoptotic gene expression, thereby increasing the leukocyte viability. When focusing on specific leukocyte populations, peripheral neutrophils are noticeably increased by short‐term intensive fasting. Finally, proteomic analysis of leukocytes showed that short‐term intensive fasting not only increased neutrophil degranulation, but also increased cytokine secretion. Our results suggest that short‐term intensive fasting boost immune function, in particular innate immune function, at least in part by remodeling leukocytes expression profile. Short‐term intensive fasting remodels innate immunity in humans through improving neutrophil function with elevated secretion of cytokines, together with upregulation of autophagy and downregulation of apoptosis.
Previous studies have shown that long‐term light or moderate fasting such as intermittent fasting can improve health and prolong lifespan. However, in humans short‐term intensive fasting, a complete water‐only fasting has little been studied. Here, we used multi‐omics tools to evaluate the impact of short‐term intensive fasting on immune function by comparison of the CD45 + leukocytes from the fasting subjects before and after 72‐h fasting. Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of CD45 + leukocytes revealed extensive expression changes, marked by higher gene upregulation than downregulation after fasting. Functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes and proteins exposed several pathways critical to metabolic and immune cell functions. Specifically, short‐term intensive fasting enhanced autophagy levels through upregulation of key members involved in the upstream signals and within the autophagy machinery, whereas apoptosis was reduced by down‐turning of apoptotic gene expression, thereby increasing the leukocyte viability. When focusing on specific leukocyte populations, peripheral neutrophils are noticeably increased by short‐term intensive fasting. Finally, proteomic analysis of leukocytes showed that short‐term intensive fasting not only increased neutrophil degranulation, but also increased cytokine secretion. Our results suggest that short‐term intensive fasting boost immune function, in particular innate immune function, at least in part by remodeling leukocytes expression profile.
Previous studies have shown that long‐term light or moderate fasting such as intermittent fasting can improve health and prolong lifespan. However, in humans short‐term intensive fasting, a complete water‐only fasting has little been studied. Here, we used multi‐omics tools to evaluate the impact of short‐term intensive fasting on immune function by comparison of the CD45 + leukocytes from the fasting subjects before and after 72‐h fasting. Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of CD45 + leukocytes revealed extensive expression changes, marked by higher gene upregulation than downregulation after fasting. Functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes and proteins exposed several pathways critical to metabolic and immune cell functions. Specifically, short‐term intensive fasting enhanced autophagy levels through upregulation of key members involved in the upstream signals and within the autophagy machinery, whereas apoptosis was reduced by down‐turning of apoptotic gene expression, thereby increasing the leukocyte viability. When focusing on specific leukocyte populations, peripheral neutrophils are noticeably increased by short‐term intensive fasting. Finally, proteomic analysis of leukocytes showed that short‐term intensive fasting not only increased neutrophil degranulation, but also increased cytokine secretion. Our results suggest that short‐term intensive fasting boost immune function, in particular innate immune function, at least in part by remodeling leukocytes expression profile. Short‐term intensive fasting remodels innate immunity in humans through improving neutrophil function with elevated secretion of cytokines, together with upregulation of autophagy and downregulation of apoptosis.
Previous studies have shown that long-term light or moderate fasting such as intermittent fasting can improve health and prolong lifespan. However, in humans short-term intensive fasting, a complete water-only fasting has little been studied. Here, we used multi-omics tools to evaluate the impact of short-term intensive fasting on immune function by comparison of the CD45 leukocytes from the fasting subjects before and after 72-h fasting. Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of CD45 leukocytes revealed extensive expression changes, marked by higher gene upregulation than downregulation after fasting. Functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes and proteins exposed several pathways critical to metabolic and immune cell functions. Specifically, short-term intensive fasting enhanced autophagy levels through upregulation of key members involved in the upstream signals and within the autophagy machinery, whereas apoptosis was reduced by down-turning of apoptotic gene expression, thereby increasing the leukocyte viability. When focusing on specific leukocyte populations, peripheral neutrophils are noticeably increased by short-term intensive fasting. Finally, proteomic analysis of leukocytes showed that short-term intensive fasting not only increased neutrophil degranulation, but also increased cytokine secretion. Our results suggest that short-term intensive fasting boost immune function, in particular innate immune function, at least in part by remodeling leukocytes expression profile.
Author Xu, Li
Zhao, Chen
Wang, Jianrong
Gao, Xueqin
Lv, Yaqi
Li, Quan
Wei, Wen
Qian, Jiawei
Zhang, Suping
Yuan, Na
Li, Lei
Fang, Yixuan
AuthorAffiliation 3 Suzhou Ninth Hospital affiliated to Soochow University Suzhou China
2 Soyo Center Soochow University Suzhou China
1 Research Center for Blood Engineering and Manufacturing Cyrus Tang Medical Institute National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Jiangsu Institute of Hematology Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection Soochow University Suzhou China
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Research Center for Blood Engineering and Manufacturing Cyrus Tang Medical Institute National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Jiangsu Institute of Hematology Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection Soochow University Suzhou China
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Issue 11
Keywords longevity
fasting
innate immunity
human
neutrophils
Language English
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This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Notes Jiawei Qian, Yixuan Fang and Na Yuan contributed equally to this work.
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PublicationTitleAlternate Aging Cell
PublicationYear 2021
Publisher John Wiley & Sons, Inc
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Publisher_xml – name: John Wiley & Sons, Inc
– name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
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Snippet Previous studies have shown that long‐term light or moderate fasting such as intermittent fasting can improve health and prolong lifespan. However, in humans...
Previous studies have shown that long-term light or moderate fasting such as intermittent fasting can improve health and prolong lifespan. However, in humans...
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StartPage e13507
SubjectTerms Adaptive immunity
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Apoptosis
Apoptosis - genetics
Apoptosis - immunology
Arthritis
Autophagy
Autophagy - genetics
Autophagy - immunology
Calories
CD45 antigen
Cytokines
Cytokines - metabolism
Degranulation
Fasting
Fasting - blood
Female
Gene expression
Gene Expression Profiling - methods
human
Humans
Immune response
Immunity, Innate
innate immunity
Leukocyte Common Antigens - metabolism
Leukocytes (neutrophilic)
Life span
longevity
Male
Middle Aged
Neutrophils
Neutrophils - immunology
Original Paper
Original Papers
Phagocytosis
Proteins
Proteome - immunology
Proteomics
Proteomics - methods
Thrombosis
Transcriptome - immunology
Transcriptomics
Up-Regulation - genetics
Up-Regulation - immunology
Young Adult
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Title Innate immune remodeling by short‐term intensive fasting
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Facel.13507
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34705313
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2596843473
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2586992210
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8590100
Volume 20
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