Enhancing resolution of free-flow zone electrophoresis via a simple sheath-flow sample injection

In this work, a simple and novel sheath‐flow sample injection method (SFSIM) is introduced to reduce the band broadening of free‐flow zone electrophoresis separation in newly developed self‐balance free‐flow electrophoresis instrument. A needle injector was placed in the center of the separation inl...

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Published in	Electrophoresis Vol. 37; no. 14; pp. 1992 - 1997
Main Authors	Yang, Ying, Kong, Fan-Zhi, Liu, Ji, Li, Jun-Min, Liu, Xiao-Ping, Li, Guo-Qing, Wang, Ju-Fang, Xiao, Hua, Fan, Liu-Yin, Cao, Cheng-Xi, Li, Shan
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Germany Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.07.2016
Subjects	Band broadening Electrodynamics Electrophoresis Electrophoresis, Capillary - instrumentation Electrophoresis, Capillary - methods Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel Fluid dynamics Free-flow zone electrophoresis Hemoglobin hydrodynamics Injectors Inlets Needles Proteins - isolation & purification Sample injection Separation Sheath flow Sheaths Sheath flow Free-flow zone electrophoresis Sample injection Band broadening
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Abstract	In this work, a simple and novel sheath‐flow sample injection method (SFSIM) is introduced to reduce the band broadening of free‐flow zone electrophoresis separation in newly developed self‐balance free‐flow electrophoresis instrument. A needle injector was placed in the center of the separation inlet, into which the BGE and sample solution were pumped simultaneously. BGE formed sheath flow outside the sample stream, resulting in less band broadening related to hydrodynamics and electrodynamics. Hemoglobin and C‐phycocyanin were successfully separated by the proposed method in contrast to the poor separation of free‐flow electrophoresis with the traditional injection method without sheath flow. About 3.75 times resolution enhancement could be achieved by sheath‐flow sample injection method.
AbstractList	In this work, a simple and novel sheath-flow sample injection method (SFSIM) is introduced to reduce the band broadening of free-flow zone electrophoresis separation in newly developed self-balance free-flow electrophoresis instrument. A needle injector was placed in the center of the separation inlet, into which the BGE and sample solution were pumped simultaneously. BGE formed sheath flow outside the sample stream, resulting in less band broadening related to hydrodynamics and electrodynamics. Hemoglobin and C-phycocyanin were successfully separated by the proposed method in contrast to the poor separation of free-flow electrophoresis with the traditional injection method without sheath flow. About 3.75 times resolution enhancement could be achieved by sheath-flow sample injection method.
Author	Liu, Ji Li, Guo-Qing Kong, Fan-Zhi Li, Jun-Min Xiao, Hua Li, Shan Yang, Ying Cao, Cheng-Xi Fan, Liu-Yin Liu, Xiao-Ping Wang, Ju-Fang
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Cites_doi	10.1021/ac0605602 10.1002/elps.1150111111 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.10.058 10.1016/j.aca.2010.06.002 10.1039/B106958F 10.1002/elps.200600013 10.1083/jcb.74.3.780 10.1002/jssc.201100293 10.1002/elps.1150150178 10.1039/b712784g 10.1016/0168-1656(96)01411-3 10.1002/jssc.201000758 10.1002/elps.200700725 10.1016/0378-4347(94)00042-5 10.1002/elps.1150100302 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.12.024 10.1016/S0021-9673(97)01114-X 10.1002/jssc.201000162 10.1002/elps.200900156 10.1021/ac950766v 10.1021/ac00074a001 10.1016/0021-9673(94)80024-3 10.1021/ac0609778 10.1002/elps.200406168 10.1002/(SICI)1522-2683(19991001)20:14<2801::AID-ELPS2801>3.0.CO;2-2 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1973.tb47552.x 10.1002/elps.1150111106 10.1002/elps.1150171216 10.1021/ac902157e 10.1002/1522-2683()22:6<1008::AID-ELPS1008>3.0.CO;2-A 10.1039/c1lc20461k 10.1515/bchm2.1975.356.2.1209 10.1002/elps.200800609 10.1002/elps.201200169 10.1016/0021-9673(92)87101-D 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.01.085 10.1021/ac902546y 10.1007/BF00262642
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Keywords	Sheath flow Free-flow zone electrophoresis Sample injection Band broadening
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References_xml	– reference: Kuhn, R., Hoffstetter-Kuhn, S., Wagner, H., Electrophoresis 1990, 11, 942-947. – reference: Raymond, D. E., Manz, A., Widmer, H. M., Anal. Chem. 1996, 68, 2515-2522. – reference: Jing, M., Bowser, M. T., Lab Chip 2011, 11, 3703-3709. – reference: Kašička, V., Prusík, Z., Smékal, O., Hlaváček, J., Barth, T., Weber, G., Wagner, H., J. Chromatogr. B 1994, 656, 99-106. – reference: Chen, S., Palmer, J. F., Zhang, W., Shao, J., Li, S., Fan, L. Y., Sun, R., Dong, Y. C., Cao, C. X., Electrophoresis 2009, 30, 1998-2007. – reference: Heidrich, H. G., Dew, M. E., J. Cell Biol. 1977, 74, 780-788. – reference: Wen, J., Wilker, E. W., Yaffe, M. B., Jensen, K. F., Anal. Chem. 2010, 82, 1253-1260. – reference: Agostino, F. J., Evenhuis, C. J., Krylov, S. N., J. Sep. Sci. 2011, 34, 556-564. – reference: Wang, P., Zhang, L., Shan, Y., Cong, Y., Liang, Y., Han, B., Liang, Z., Zhang, Y., J. Sep. Sci. 2010, 33, 2039-2044. – reference: Hirokawa, T., Kiso, Y., J. Chromatogr. A 1994, 658, 343-354. – reference: Afonso, J. L., Clifton, M. J., Electrophoresis 1999, 20, 2801-2809. – reference: Crespi, P., Perroud, P. F., Greppin, H., Planta 1996, 198, 557-562. – reference: Roman, M. C., Brown, P. R., Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 86A-94A. – reference: Shao, J., Li, S., Zhang, W., Fan, L. Y., Cao, C. X., Sun, R., Dong, Y. C., J. Chromatogr. A 2010, 1217, 2182-2186. – reference: Das, C., Fan, Z. H., Electrophoresis 2006, 27, 3619-3626. – reference: Poggel, M., Melin, T., Electrophoresis 2001, 22, 1008-1015. – reference: Hannig, K., Wirth, H., Meyer, B.-H., Zeiller, K., Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. 1975, 356, 1209-1224. – reference: Kuhn, R., Wagner, H., Electrophoresis 1989, 10, 165-172. – reference: Fonslow, B. R., Bowser, M. T., Anal. Chem. 2006, 78, 8236-8244. – reference: Kašička, V., Prusík, Z., Sázelová, P., Jiráček, J., Barth, T., J. Chromatogr. A 1998, 796, 211-220. – reference: Kašička, V., Prusik, Z., Pospíšek, J., J. Chromatogr. 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Snippet	In this work, a simple and novel sheath‐flow sample injection method (SFSIM) is introduced to reduce the band broadening of free‐flow zone electrophoresis... In this work, a simple and novel sheath-flow sample injection method (SFSIM) is introduced to reduce the band broadening of free-flow zone electrophoresis...
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StartPage	1992
SubjectTerms	Band broadening Electrodynamics Electrophoresis Electrophoresis, Capillary - instrumentation Electrophoresis, Capillary - methods Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel Fluid dynamics Free-flow zone electrophoresis Hemoglobin hydrodynamics Injectors Inlets Needles Proteins - isolation & purification Sample injection Separation Sheath flow Sheaths
Title	Enhancing resolution of free-flow zone electrophoresis via a simple sheath-flow sample injection
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