An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant and deaths of three lions in a zoo

There have been reports of the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from humans to various mammalian species. Some infected animals show clinical signs and may even die in rare cases. Outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 have been reported in zoos where susceptible animals...

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Published inOne health Vol. 19; p. 100870
Main Authors Kuroda, Yudai, Ozaki, Miki, Sakai, Yusuke, Uchida-Fujii, Eri, Hanada, Ikumi, Yamamoto, Tsukasa, Tatemoto, Kango, Hirata, Yuichiro, Sato, Yuko, Katano, Harutaka, Nagata, Noriyo, Kato, Hirofumi, Shimada, Tomoe, Suzuki, Tadaki, Nakao, Tatsuko, Maeda, Ken
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LanguageEnglish
Published Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.12.2024
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Abstract There have been reports of the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from humans to various mammalian species. Some infected animals show clinical signs and may even die in rare cases. Outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 have been reported in zoos where susceptible animals are bred in high population densities. However, there have been few reports of omicron variant outbreaks in zoo animals. From late 2022 to 2023, an outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant occurred in one Japanese zoo. A total of 24 lions were housed in the zoo; 13 of them showed respiratory symptoms, and the three oldest lions died. Molecular and histopathological analyses revealed that the deceased lions were infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron BF.7.15. Virus-neutralization tests showed that all 21 lions were positive for antibodies against the omicron variant, but not against the delta variant. In addition, three tigers and one bear in the same or neighboring building as the lions possessed antibodies against the omicron variant. This is a very rare report on the outbreak of a SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant infection that resulted in the death of animals. This finding demonstrates the importance of continuous countermeasures to protect non-vaccinated animals from SARS-CoV-2 infection.
AbstractList There have been reports of the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from humans to various mammalian species. Some infected animals show clinical signs and may even die in rare cases. Outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 have been reported in zoos where susceptible animals are bred in high population densities. However, there have been few reports of omicron variant outbreaks in zoo animals. From late 2022 to 2023, an outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant occurred in one Japanese zoo. A total of 24 lions were housed in the zoo; 13 of them showed respiratory symptoms, and the three oldest lions died. Molecular and histopathological analyses revealed that the deceased lions were infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron BF.7.15. Virus-neutralization tests showed that all 21 lions were positive for antibodies against the omicron variant, but not against the delta variant. In addition, three tigers and one bear in the same or neighboring building as the lions possessed antibodies against the omicron variant. This is a very rare report on the outbreak of a SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant infection that resulted in the death of animals. This finding demonstrates the importance of continuous countermeasures to protect non-vaccinated animals from SARS-CoV-2 infection.
There have been reports of the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from humans to various mammalian species. Some infected animals show clinical signs and may even die in rare cases. Outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 have been reported in zoos where susceptible animals are bred in high population densities. However, there have been few reports of omicron variant outbreaks in zoo animals. From late 2022 to 2023, an outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant occurred in one Japanese zoo. A total of 24 lions were housed in the zoo; 13 of them showed respiratory symptoms, and the three oldest lions died. Molecular and histopathological analyses revealed that the deceased lions were infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron BF.7.15. Virus-neutralization tests showed that all 21 lions were positive for antibodies against the omicron variant, but not against the delta variant. In addition, three tigers and one bear in the same or neighboring building as the lions possessed antibodies against the omicron variant. This is a very rare report on the outbreak of a SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant infection that resulted in the death of animals. This finding demonstrates the importance of continuous countermeasures to protect non-vaccinated animals from SARS-CoV-2 infection.There have been reports of the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from humans to various mammalian species. Some infected animals show clinical signs and may even die in rare cases. Outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 have been reported in zoos where susceptible animals are bred in high population densities. However, there have been few reports of omicron variant outbreaks in zoo animals. From late 2022 to 2023, an outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant occurred in one Japanese zoo. A total of 24 lions were housed in the zoo; 13 of them showed respiratory symptoms, and the three oldest lions died. Molecular and histopathological analyses revealed that the deceased lions were infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron BF.7.15. Virus-neutralization tests showed that all 21 lions were positive for antibodies against the omicron variant, but not against the delta variant. In addition, three tigers and one bear in the same or neighboring building as the lions possessed antibodies against the omicron variant. This is a very rare report on the outbreak of a SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant infection that resulted in the death of animals. This finding demonstrates the importance of continuous countermeasures to protect non-vaccinated animals from SARS-CoV-2 infection.
ArticleNumber 100870
Author Hanada, Ikumi
Sato, Yuko
Kuroda, Yudai
Kato, Hirofumi
Suzuki, Tadaki
Uchida-Fujii, Eri
Tatemoto, Kango
Katano, Harutaka
Nagata, Noriyo
Ozaki, Miki
Yamamoto, Tsukasa
Shimada, Tomoe
Hirata, Yuichiro
Nakao, Tatsuko
Sakai, Yusuke
Maeda, Ken
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Yudai
  surname: Kuroda
  fullname: Kuroda, Yudai
  email: ykuroda@niid.go.jp
  organization: Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
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  givenname: Yusuke
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  givenname: Tsukasa
  surname: Yamamoto
  fullname: Yamamoto, Tsukasa
  email: tyama@niid.go.jp
  organization: Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Kango
  surname: Tatemoto
  fullname: Tatemoto, Kango
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  givenname: Yuichiro
  surname: Hirata
  fullname: Hirata, Yuichiro
  email: yhirata@niid.go.jp
  organization: Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Yuko
  surname: Sato
  fullname: Sato, Yuko
  email: kiyonaga@niid.go.jp
  organization: Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Harutaka
  surname: Katano
  fullname: Katano, Harutaka
  email: katano@niid.go.jp
  organization: Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
– sequence: 11
  givenname: Noriyo
  surname: Nagata
  fullname: Nagata, Noriyo
  email: nnagata@niid.go.jp
  organization: Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
– sequence: 12
  givenname: Hirofumi
  surname: Kato
  fullname: Kato, Hirofumi
  email: otak16@niid.go.jp
  organization: Center for Field Epidemic Intelligence Research and Professional Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
– sequence: 13
  givenname: Tomoe
  surname: Shimada
  fullname: Shimada, Tomoe
  email: tomoes@niid.go.jp
  organization: Center for Field Epidemic Intelligence Research and Professional Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
– sequence: 14
  givenname: Tadaki
  surname: Suzuki
  fullname: Suzuki, Tadaki
  email: tksuzuki@niid.go.jp
  organization: Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
– sequence: 15
  givenname: Tatsuko
  surname: Nakao
  fullname: Nakao, Tatsuko
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– sequence: 16
  givenname: Ken
  surname: Maeda
  fullname: Maeda, Ken
  email: kmaeda@niid.go.jp
  organization: Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
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Keywords Lion
SARS-CoV-2
Omicron
Reverse zoonosis
Language English
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2024 The Authors.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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Snippet There have been reports of the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from humans to various mammalian species. Some...
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SubjectTerms death
histopathology
Lion
mammals
Omicron
Research Paper
Reverse zoonosis
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
species
Ursidae
zoos
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Title An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant and deaths of three lions in a zoo
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