Dissecting the role of the gut microbiota and diet on visceral fat mass accumulation

Both gut microbiota and diet have been shown to impact visceral fat mass (VFM), a major risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, but their relative contribution has not been well characterised. We aimed to estimate and separate the effect of gut microbiota composition from that of nutrient intake on...

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Published inScientific reports Vol. 9; no. 1; pp. 9758 - 10
Main Authors Le Roy, Caroline I., Bowyer, Ruth C. E., Castillo-Fernandez, Juan E., Pallister, Tess, Menni, Cristina, Steves, Claire J., Berry, Sarah E., Spector, Tim D., Bell, Jordana T.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 05.07.2019
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects
631/326/2565/2134
692/4020/2741/2135
Adipose tissue
Aged
Biotin
Body fat
Body Mass Index
Body weight
Diet
Dietary intake
Female
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Gut microbiota
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Intestinal microflora
Intra-Abdominal Fat - anatomy & histology
Magnesium
Male
Metagenomics
Microbiota
Middle Aged
multidisciplinary
Nutrients
Organ Size
Overweight
Risk factors
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Vitamin E
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Abstract Both gut microbiota and diet have been shown to impact visceral fat mass (VFM), a major risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, but their relative contribution has not been well characterised. We aimed to estimate and separate the effect of gut microbiota composition from that of nutrient intake on VFM in 1760 older female twins. Through pairwise association analyses, we identified 93 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 10 nutrients independently linked to VFM (FDR < 5%). Conditional analyses revealed that the majority (87%) of the 93 VFM-associated OTUs remained significantly associated with VFM irrespective of nutrient intake correction. In contrast, we observed that the effect of fibre, magnesium, biotin and vitamin E on VFM was partially mediated by OTUs. Moreover, we estimated that OTUs were more accurate predictors of VFM than nutrients and accounted for a larger percentage of its variance. Our results suggest that while the role of certain nutrients on VFM appears to depend on gut microbiota composition, specific gut microbes may affect host adiposity regardless of dietary intake. The findings imply that the gut microbiota may have a greater contribution towards shaping host VFM than diet alone. Thus, microbial-based therapy should be prioritised for VFM reduction in overweight and obese subjects.
AbstractList Both gut microbiota and diet have been shown to impact visceral fat mass (VFM), a major risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, but their relative contribution has not been well characterised. We aimed to estimate and separate the effect of gut microbiota composition from that of nutrient intake on VFM in 1760 older female twins. Through pairwise association analyses, we identified 93 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 10 nutrients independently linked to VFM (FDR < 5%). Conditional analyses revealed that the majority (87%) of the 93 VFM-associated OTUs remained significantly associated with VFM irrespective of nutrient intake correction. In contrast, we observed that the effect of fibre, magnesium, biotin and vitamin E on VFM was partially mediated by OTUs. Moreover, we estimated that OTUs were more accurate predictors of VFM than nutrients and accounted for a larger percentage of its variance. Our results suggest that while the role of certain nutrients on VFM appears to depend on gut microbiota composition, specific gut microbes may affect host adiposity regardless of dietary intake. The findings imply that the gut microbiota may have a greater contribution towards shaping host VFM than diet alone. Thus, microbial-based therapy should be prioritised for VFM reduction in overweight and obese subjects.
Both gut microbiota and diet have been shown to impact visceral fat mass (VFM), a major risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, but their relative contribution has not been well characterised. We aimed to estimate and separate the effect of gut microbiota composition from that of nutrient intake on VFM in 1760 older female twins. Through pairwise association analyses, we identified 93 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 10 nutrients independently linked to VFM (FDR < 5%). Conditional analyses revealed that the majority (87%) of the 93 VFM-associated OTUs remained significantly associated with VFM irrespective of nutrient intake correction. In contrast, we observed that the effect of fibre, magnesium, biotin and vitamin E on VFM was partially mediated by OTUs. Moreover, we estimated that OTUs were more accurate predictors of VFM than nutrients and accounted for a larger percentage of its variance. Our results suggest that while the role of certain nutrients on VFM appears to depend on gut microbiota composition, specific gut microbes may affect host adiposity regardless of dietary intake. The findings imply that the gut microbiota may have a greater contribution towards shaping host VFM than diet alone. Thus, microbial-based therapy should be prioritised for VFM reduction in overweight and obese subjects.Both gut microbiota and diet have been shown to impact visceral fat mass (VFM), a major risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, but their relative contribution has not been well characterised. We aimed to estimate and separate the effect of gut microbiota composition from that of nutrient intake on VFM in 1760 older female twins. Through pairwise association analyses, we identified 93 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 10 nutrients independently linked to VFM (FDR < 5%). Conditional analyses revealed that the majority (87%) of the 93 VFM-associated OTUs remained significantly associated with VFM irrespective of nutrient intake correction. In contrast, we observed that the effect of fibre, magnesium, biotin and vitamin E on VFM was partially mediated by OTUs. Moreover, we estimated that OTUs were more accurate predictors of VFM than nutrients and accounted for a larger percentage of its variance. Our results suggest that while the role of certain nutrients on VFM appears to depend on gut microbiota composition, specific gut microbes may affect host adiposity regardless of dietary intake. The findings imply that the gut microbiota may have a greater contribution towards shaping host VFM than diet alone. Thus, microbial-based therapy should be prioritised for VFM reduction in overweight and obese subjects.
ArticleNumber 9758
Author Berry, Sarah E.
Le Roy, Caroline I.
Castillo-Fernandez, Juan E.
Steves, Claire J.
Pallister, Tess
Bowyer, Ruth C. E.
Bell, Jordana T.
Spector, Tim D.
Menni, Cristina
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31278309$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet Both gut microbiota and diet have been shown to impact visceral fat mass (VFM), a major risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, but their relative...
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SubjectTerms 631/326/2565/2134
692/4020/2741/2135
Adipose tissue
Aged
Biotin
Body fat
Body Mass Index
Body weight
Diet
Dietary intake
Female
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Gut microbiota
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Intestinal microflora
Intra-Abdominal Fat - anatomy & histology
Magnesium
Male
Metagenomics
Microbiota
Middle Aged
multidisciplinary
Nutrients
Organ Size
Overweight
Risk factors
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Vitamin E
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Title Dissecting the role of the gut microbiota and diet on visceral fat mass accumulation
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41598-019-46193-w
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31278309
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https://www.proquest.com/docview/2253290050
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6611773
Volume 9
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