Management and outcomes of atrial fibrillation in 241 healthy children and young adults: Revisiting “lone” atrial fibrillation—A multi-institutional PACES collaborative study
Atrial fibrillation (AF) in healthy children and young adults is rare. Risk of recurrence and treatment efficacy are not well defined. The purpose of this study was to assess recurrence patterns and treatment efficacy in AF. A retrospective multicenter cohort study including 13 congenital heart cent...
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| Published in | Heart rhythm Vol. 18; no. 11; pp. 1815 - 1822 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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United States
Elsevier Inc
01.11.2021
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| Abstract | Atrial fibrillation (AF) in healthy children and young adults is rare. Risk of recurrence and treatment efficacy are not well defined.
The purpose of this study was to assess recurrence patterns and treatment efficacy in AF.
A retrospective multicenter cohort study including 13 congenital heart centers was facilitated by the Pediatric & Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES). Patients ≤21 years of age with documented AF from January 2004 to December 2018 were included. Demographics, family and clinical history, medications, electrophysiological study parameters, and outcomes related to the treatment of AF were recorded and analyzed. Patients with contributory diseases were excluded.
In 241 subjects (83% male; mean age at onset 16 years), AF recurred in 94 patients (39%) during 2.1 ± 2.6 years of follow-up. In multivariable analysis, predictors of AF recurrence were family history in a first-degree relative <50 years of age (odds ratio [OR] 1.9; P = .047) and longer PR interval in sinus rhythm (OR 1.1 per 10 ms; P = .037). AF recurrence was similar whether patients began no treatment (39/125 [31%]), began daily antiarrhythmic therapy (24/63 [38%]), or had an ablation at any time (14/53 [26%]; P = .39). Ablating non-AF substrate with supraventricular tachycardia improved freedom from AF recurrence (P = .013).
Recurrence of AF in the pediatric population is common, and the incidence of recurrence was not impacted by “no treatment,” “medication only,” or “ablation” treatment strategy. Ablation of pathways and other reentrant targets was the only intervention that decreased AF recurrence in children and young adults. |
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| AbstractList | Atrial fibrillation (AF) in healthy children and young adults is rare. Risk of recurrence and treatment efficacy are not well defined.
The purpose of this study was to assess recurrence patterns and treatment efficacy in AF.
A retrospective multicenter cohort study including 13 congenital heart centers was facilitated by the Pediatric & Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES). Patients ≤21 years of age with documented AF from January 2004 to December 2018 were included. Demographics, family and clinical history, medications, electrophysiological study parameters, and outcomes related to the treatment of AF were recorded and analyzed. Patients with contributory diseases were excluded.
In 241 subjects (83% male; mean age at onset 16 years), AF recurred in 94 patients (39%) during 2.1 ± 2.6 years of follow-up. In multivariable analysis, predictors of AF recurrence were family history in a first-degree relative <50 years of age (odds ratio [OR] 1.9; P = .047) and longer PR interval in sinus rhythm (OR 1.1 per 10 ms; P = .037). AF recurrence was similar whether patients began no treatment (39/125 [31%]), began daily antiarrhythmic therapy (24/63 [38%]), or had an ablation at any time (14/53 [26%]; P = .39). Ablating non-AF substrate with supraventricular tachycardia improved freedom from AF recurrence (P = .013).
Recurrence of AF in the pediatric population is common, and the incidence of recurrence was not impacted by "no treatment," "medication only," or "ablation" treatment strategy. Ablation of pathways and other reentrant targets was the only intervention that decreased AF recurrence in children and young adults. Atrial fibrillation (AF) in healthy children and young adults is rare. Risk of recurrence and treatment efficacy are not well defined.BACKGROUNDAtrial fibrillation (AF) in healthy children and young adults is rare. Risk of recurrence and treatment efficacy are not well defined.The purpose of this study was to assess recurrence patterns and treatment efficacy in AF.OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to assess recurrence patterns and treatment efficacy in AF.A retrospective multicenter cohort study including 13 congenital heart centers was facilitated by the Pediatric & Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES). Patients ≤21 years of age with documented AF from January 2004 to December 2018 were included. Demographics, family and clinical history, medications, electrophysiological study parameters, and outcomes related to the treatment of AF were recorded and analyzed. Patients with contributory diseases were excluded.METHODSA retrospective multicenter cohort study including 13 congenital heart centers was facilitated by the Pediatric & Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES). Patients ≤21 years of age with documented AF from January 2004 to December 2018 were included. Demographics, family and clinical history, medications, electrophysiological study parameters, and outcomes related to the treatment of AF were recorded and analyzed. Patients with contributory diseases were excluded.In 241 subjects (83% male; mean age at onset 16 years), AF recurred in 94 patients (39%) during 2.1 ± 2.6 years of follow-up. In multivariable analysis, predictors of AF recurrence were family history in a first-degree relative <50 years of age (odds ratio [OR] 1.9; P = .047) and longer PR interval in sinus rhythm (OR 1.1 per 10 ms; P = .037). AF recurrence was similar whether patients began no treatment (39/125 [31%]), began daily antiarrhythmic therapy (24/63 [38%]), or had an ablation at any time (14/53 [26%]; P = .39). Ablating non-AF substrate with supraventricular tachycardia improved freedom from AF recurrence (P = .013).RESULTSIn 241 subjects (83% male; mean age at onset 16 years), AF recurred in 94 patients (39%) during 2.1 ± 2.6 years of follow-up. In multivariable analysis, predictors of AF recurrence were family history in a first-degree relative <50 years of age (odds ratio [OR] 1.9; P = .047) and longer PR interval in sinus rhythm (OR 1.1 per 10 ms; P = .037). AF recurrence was similar whether patients began no treatment (39/125 [31%]), began daily antiarrhythmic therapy (24/63 [38%]), or had an ablation at any time (14/53 [26%]; P = .39). Ablating non-AF substrate with supraventricular tachycardia improved freedom from AF recurrence (P = .013).Recurrence of AF in the pediatric population is common, and the incidence of recurrence was not impacted by "no treatment," "medication only," or "ablation" treatment strategy. Ablation of pathways and other reentrant targets was the only intervention that decreased AF recurrence in children and young adults.CONCLUSIONRecurrence of AF in the pediatric population is common, and the incidence of recurrence was not impacted by "no treatment," "medication only," or "ablation" treatment strategy. Ablation of pathways and other reentrant targets was the only intervention that decreased AF recurrence in children and young adults. |
| Author | Niu, Mary Hammond, Benjamin H. Lawrence, David Johnsrude, Christopher L. Sanatani, Shubhayan Sherwin, Elizabeth D. Worley, Sarah Aziz, Peter F. Webster, Gregory Janson, Christopher M. Stephenson, Elizabeth A. McCanta, Anthony C. Balaji, Seshadri El Assaad, Iqbal Kost, Lukas D. Shetty, Ira Fish, Frank |
| AuthorAffiliation | 3. Division of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 11. Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 5. Division of Cardiology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 10. Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of California-Irvine and Children’s Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA 12. Children’s Heart Centre, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada 1. Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 9. Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan 2. Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Children’s, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 4. Division of Cardiology, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC 13. Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt Universi |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 10. Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of California-Irvine and Children’s Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA – name: 9. Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan – name: 2. Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Children’s, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio – name: 4. Division of Cardiology, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC – name: 5. Division of Cardiology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – name: 1. Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts – name: 3. Division of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania – name: 7. Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Utah and Primary Children’s Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah – name: 8. Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Advocate Children’s Hospital, Oak Lawn, Illinois – name: 11. Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon – name: 6. Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY – name: 13. Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN – name: 12. Children’s Heart Centre, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada – name: 14. Division of Cardiology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Iqbal surname: El Assaad fullname: El Assaad, Iqbal organization: Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 2 givenname: Benjamin H. surname: Hammond fullname: Hammond, Benjamin H. organization: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Children's, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio – sequence: 3 givenname: Lukas D. surname: Kost fullname: Kost, Lukas D. organization: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Children's, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio – sequence: 4 givenname: Sarah surname: Worley fullname: Worley, Sarah organization: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Children's, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio – sequence: 5 givenname: Christopher M. surname: Janson fullname: Janson, Christopher M. organization: Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania – sequence: 6 givenname: Elizabeth D. surname: Sherwin fullname: Sherwin, Elizabeth D. organization: Division of Cardiology, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC – sequence: 7 givenname: Elizabeth A. surname: Stephenson fullname: Stephenson, Elizabeth A. organization: Division of Cardiology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – sequence: 8 givenname: Christopher L. surname: Johnsrude fullname: Johnsrude, Christopher L. organization: Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky – sequence: 9 givenname: Mary surname: Niu fullname: Niu, Mary organization: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Utah and Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah – sequence: 10 givenname: Ira surname: Shetty fullname: Shetty, Ira organization: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Advocate Children's Hospital, Oak Lawn, Illinois – sequence: 11 givenname: David surname: Lawrence fullname: Lawrence, David organization: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan – sequence: 12 givenname: Anthony C. surname: McCanta fullname: McCanta, Anthony C. organization: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of California-Irvine and Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California – sequence: 13 givenname: Seshadri surname: Balaji fullname: Balaji, Seshadri organization: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon – sequence: 14 givenname: Shubhayan surname: Sanatani fullname: Sanatani, Shubhayan organization: Children's Heart Centre, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada – sequence: 15 givenname: Frank surname: Fish fullname: Fish, Frank organization: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee – sequence: 16 givenname: Gregory surname: Webster fullname: Webster, Gregory organization: Division of Cardiology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois – sequence: 17 givenname: Peter F. surname: Aziz fullname: Aziz, Peter F. email: azizp@ccf.org organization: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Children's, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34343691$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1007_s10840_022_01461_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jacc_2023_08_017 crossref_primary_10_1002_jcla_24373 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_hrthm_2024_05_018 crossref_primary_10_35336_VA_1335 crossref_primary_10_1161_CIR_0000000000001193 crossref_primary_10_1111_jce_16518 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_hroo_2023_09_010 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_hrthm_2021_08_013 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_hrthm_2022_07_018 |
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| Copyright | 2021 Heart Rhythm Society Copyright © 2021 Heart Rhythm Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
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| Keywords | Children Electrophysiological study Reentry Ablation Atrial fibrillation |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Dr. El-Assaad and Dr. Hammond contributed equally to this article. Dr. Aziz and Dr. Webster contributed equally to this article. |
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| Snippet | Atrial fibrillation (AF) in healthy children and young adults is rare. Risk of recurrence and treatment efficacy are not well defined.
The purpose of this... Atrial fibrillation (AF) in healthy children and young adults is rare. Risk of recurrence and treatment efficacy are not well defined.BACKGROUNDAtrial... |
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| SubjectTerms | Ablation Adolescent Atrial fibrillation Atrial Fibrillation - congenital Atrial Fibrillation - genetics Atrial Fibrillation - therapy Child Children Electrophysiological study Female Humans Male Recurrence Reentry Retrospective Studies Risk Factors Young Adult |
| Title | Management and outcomes of atrial fibrillation in 241 healthy children and young adults: Revisiting “lone” atrial fibrillation—A multi-institutional PACES collaborative study |
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