Low cholesterol levels are associated with increasing risk of plasma cell neoplasm: A UK biobank cohort study

• Published in: Cancer medicine (Malden, MA) Vol. 12; no. 22; pp. 20964 - 20975
• Main Authors: Li, Linfeng, Yu, Zhengyu, Ren, Jianjun, Niu, Ting
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.11.2023; John Wiley and Sons Inc; Wiley
• Subjects: Aged; apolipoprotein; Apolipoprotein A; Apolipoprotein B; Apolipoproteins A; Apolipoproteins B; Biobanks; Biological Specimen Banks; Biomarkers; Body mass index; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, HDL; Cholesterol, LDL; Cohort analysis; Cohort Studies; Diabetes; Disease; High density lipoprotein; Humans; Lipids; Low density lipoprotein; Lung cancer; Malignancy; Metabolism; Metabolites; Multiple Myeloma; Neoplasia; Plasma; plasma cell neoplasm; Population studies; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Triglycerides; Tumors; UK Biobank; Variables; United Kingdom > UK; cholesterol; apolipoprotein; UK Biobank; plasma cell neoplasm
• DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6649
• ISSN: 2045-7634

Background Plasma cell neoplasms are a group of hematologic neoplasms that often develop in the elderly population. The relationship between cholesterol levels and hematologic malignancy has been identified in population studies. However, it is still unclear if there is a relationship between cholesterol levels and plasma cell neoplasm in European ancestry. Methods Prospective cohorts included 502,507 individuals from the UK Biobank who were followed up to 2019 and assessed total cholesterol(TC) levels, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, apolipoprotein A (ApoA) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) as risk factors for plasma cell neoplasms with Cox proportional hazard regression and restricted cubic spline model. We also used two‐sample Mendelian randomization to determine if the cholesterol level has a causal effect on developing plasma cell neoplasms. Results We observed 1819 plasma cell neoplasm cases during 14.2 years of follow‐up in the UK Biobank. We found higher blood serum cholesterol levels at baseline were associated with a lower risk of plasma cell neoplasm in our study. All lipid profiles we analyzed in this study were inversely associated with plasma cell neoplasm risk (all ptrend <0.005) but triglycerides did not have such association. However, there was no suggestive association of genetically predicted serum LDL, HDL, and total cholesterol levels with multiple myeloma. Conclusion Low serum total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, ApoA, and ApoB levels were all associated with increasing the risk of plasma cell neoplasm. We found that cholesterol profiles such as total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, apolipoprotein A, and apolipoprotein B were inversely correlated with the risk of plasma neoplasms.