Hypertension‐specific association of cardio‐ankle vascular index with subclinical left ventricular function in a Chinese population: Danyang study

• Published in: The journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) Vol. 26; no. 5; pp. 553 - 562
• Main Authors: Zhang, Xue, Li, Yibo, Wang, Xinyue, Zhou, Tianna, Gao, Yun, Hua, Mulian, Zhang, Siqi, Chen, Chao, Zhao, Xixuan, He, Anxia, Liang, Junya, Liu, Ming
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.05.2024; John Wiley and Sons Inc; Wiley
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Alcohol use; Ankle; Blood pressure; Cardiac function; Cardio Ankle Vascular Index - methods; Cardiovascular disease; cardio‐ankle vascular index; China - epidemiology; Cholesterol; Coronary vessels; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes; Doppler effect; East Asian People; echocardiography; Echocardiography - methods; Ejection fraction; Epidemiology; Female; global longitudinal strain; Health risks; Heart failure; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension - diagnosis; Hypertension - epidemiology; Hypertension - physiopathology; Male; Middle Aged; Mortality; Original; Population-based studies; Software; Statistical analysis; Stroke Volume - physiology; Velocity; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - diagnosis; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - epidemiology; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - physiopathology; Ventricular Function, Left - physiology; China; global longitudinal strain; e; cardio‐ankle vascular index; hypertension; echocardiography
• DOI: 10.1111/jch.14803
• ISSN: 1524-6175; 1751-7176

The association of cardio‐ankle vascular index (CAVI), with subclinical cardiac dysfunction in hypertensive patients is unclear. We aim to examine their relationship in hypertensive patients compared with that in normotensive subjects. Our study included 1887 subjects enrolled from Danyang between 2018 and 2019. CAVI was measured using VaSera VS‐1500A device. We performed conventional echocardiography to measure ejection fraction (EF) and E/A, tissue Doppler to measure mitral annular early diastolic velocities (e’), and speckle‐tracking to estimate left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS). LV mass index (76.3, 80.0, and 84.0 g/m2), and E/e’ (7.6, 8.2, and 8.8) were increased and GLS (21.1, 21.0, and 20.4%), E/A (1.2, 1.0, and 0.8) and e’ velocity (11.2, 9.4, and 8.2 cm/s) was decreased from tertiles 1–3 of CAVI on unadjusted analyses (P < .001). After adjustment for covariates, GLS, E/A, and e’ were still significantly decreased from tertiles 1–3 of CAVI (P ≤ .04). Further sensitive analyses revealed a similar association pattern for diastolic function but not systolic function. Compared with the lowest tertile, subjects with a top tertile of CAVI were at higher risk of subclinical LV systolic dysfunction in hypertensive patients (OR = 2.61; P = .005). Increased CAVI is associated with worse subclinical diastolic function. However, this relationship of CAVI to subclinical systolic function was more prominent in hypertensive patients.