Association of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) polymorphisms with risk of primary hyperuricemia in Uygur men, Xinjiang, China

• Published in: Lipids in health and disease Vol. 14; no. 1; p. 25
• Main Authors: Sun, Yu-Ping, Zhang, Bei, Miao, Lei, Wang, Xian-Min, Yu, Jia-Hui, Luo, Li, Ying, Lu, Xin, Gao, Haliakpaer, Gulinizha, Xia, He, Yao, Hua
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London BioMed Central 12.04.2015; BioMed Central Ltd
• Subjects: Alleles; Amino acids; Apolipoprotein E2 - genetics; Apolipoprotein E3 - genetics; Apolipoprotein E4 - genetics; Apolipoproteins; Apolipoproteins E - genetics; Asian Continental Ancestry Group - genetics; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Case-Control Studies; China - epidemiology; Clinical Nutrition; European Continental Ancestry Group - genetics; Genetic aspects; Genetic Association Studies; Genotype; Humans; Hyperuricemia - etiology; Hyperuricemia - genetics; Life Sciences; Lipidology; Male; Medical Biochemistry; Medical screening; Middle Aged; Physiological aspects; Polymorphism, Genetic - genetics; Risk Factors; Uric Acid - blood; Uric Acid - metabolism; China; Polymorphisms; Apolipoprotein E; Primary hyperuricemia; Uygur
• ISSN: 1476-511X; 1476-511X
• DOI: 10.1186/s12944-015-0025-2

Background Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) participates in lipoprotein metabolism and immune regulation. This study assessed association between ApoE polymorphisms with hyperuricemia and uric acid metabolism in Uygur men, Xinjiang, China. Methods A total of 474 hyperuricemia patients and 518 healthy male controls were recruited from the Health Screening Center, Uygur region of Xinjiang, China and subjected to ApoE genotyping using a multiplex amplification refractory mutation system PCR. Results Apolipoprotein E3/3 genotype was the predominant type with a frequency of 67.7%, while E2/2 was lower than E4/4 in Uygur males. The frequencies of ApoE2, E3, and E4 alleles were 8.5%, 80.1% and 11.4%, respectively. Distribution of ApoE genotypes was significantly different in hyperuricemia patients from the healthy controls ( p <  0.001). Particularly, the frequency of ApoE E3/3 was 71.7%, E2/3 9.3%, E3/4 9.3%, E4/4 3.2%, E2/4 2.3%, and E2/2 0.2% in patients vs. 68.1%, 4.6%, 2.9%, 12%, 0.6%, and 4.6% in controls, respectively. Moreover, frequency of ApoE E2 allele was greater in the healthy controls than in patients ( p <  0.001) and the highest level of uric acid occurred in those with ApoE2/4 and E3/4 genotypes, whereas the lowest uric acid level occurred in those with ApoE E2/2 genotype. In addition, the subjects with the ApoE2 allele had a lower uric acid and LDL-C level than those with the ApoE3 allele and ApoE4 allele (p < 0.05). The risk of developing hyperuricemia in subjects without the ApoE2 allele was 1.7 fold higher than those subjects with the ApoE2 allele. Conclusions This study revealed frequencies and distributions of ApoE alleles and genotypes in Uygur males, which are different from Han Chinese. ApoE E4 was associated with a slightly higher risk of primary hyperuricemia, whereas ApoE E2 was associated with reduced risk of primary hyperuricemia and LDL-C level.