The Association of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid δ-5-Desaturase Activity with Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes Is Dependent on Plasma ApoB-Lipoproteins in Overweight and Obese Adults

• Published in: The Journal of nutrition Vol. 149; no. 1; pp. 57 - 67
• Main Authors: Lamantia, Valérie, Bissonnette, Simon, Provost, Viviane, Devaux, Marie, Cyr, Yannick, Daneault, Caroline, Rosiers, Christine Des, Faraj, May
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.01.2019; Oxford University Press; American Institute of Nutrition
• Subjects: Adipose tissue; adiposity; Adults; antagonists; apoB-lipoproteins; Apolipoproteins B - blood; atherogenic dyslipidemia; Body mass index; Body size; Body weight; Chylomicrons; Clamps; Data processing; Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; Desaturase; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism; Eicosapentaenoic acid; enzyme activity; enzymes; Fatty Acid Desaturases - genetics; Fatty Acid Desaturases - metabolism; Fatty acids; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; high fat foods; Humans; Insulin; insulin resistance; Insulin secretion; Interleukin 1; lipid content; Lipoproteins; Male; metabolic studies; Middle Aged; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; Obesity; omega-3 fatty acids; Original; Overweight; Overweight - metabolism; overweight and obese adult men and postmenopausal women; phospholipid fatty acids; Phospholipids; Plasma; plasma phospholipid fatty acids; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Post-menopause; postmenopause; postprandial fat metabolism; Risk analysis; Risk Factors; Substrates; Triolein; type 2 diabetes; white adipose tissue; women; δ-5-desaturase; δ-6-desaturase; interleukin-1; IL-1Ra; T2D; IR; FADS; IS; WAT; postprandial fat metabolism; apoB-lipoproteins; GIIS; δ-6-desaturase; TRL; GIR; plasma phospholipid fatty acids; D5D; type 2 diabetes; D6D; overweight and obese adult men and postmenopausal women; SNP; ALA; IVGTT; atherogenic dyslipidemia; insulin resistance; δ-5-desaturase
• ISSN: 0022-3166; 1541-6100; 1541-6100
• DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy238

δ-5 and δ-6 desaturases (D5D and D6D) catalyze the endogenous conversion of n–3 (ω-3) and n–6 (ω-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Their activities are negatively and positively associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), respectively, by unclear mechanisms. Elevated plasma apoB-lipoproteins (measu...