Estimation of Target Motion Parameters from the Tonal Signals with a Single Hydrophone

• Published in: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 23; no. 15; p. 6881
• Main Authors: Sun, Kai, Gao, Dazhi, Zhao, Xiaojing, Guo, Doudou, Song, Wenhua, Li, Yuzheng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 03.08.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: acoustic field interference; Acoustics; Doppler effect; Doppler shift; Localization; motion parameter estimation; Parameter estimation; Signal to noise ratio; tonal signals; Velocity; Wavelet transforms; Doppler shift; tonal signals; motion parameter estimation; acoustic field interference
• DOI: 10.3390/s23156881
• ISSN: 1424-8220

In the shallow-water waveguide environment, the tonal signals radiated by moving targets carry modal interference and Doppler shift information. The modal interference can be used to obtain the time of the closest point of approach (tCPA) and the ratio of the range at the closest point of approach to the velocity of the source (rCPA/v). However, parameters rCPA and cannot be solved separately. When tCPA is known, the rCPA and the of the target can be obtained theoretically by using the Doppler information. However, when the Doppler frequency shift is small or at a low signal-to-noise ratio, there will be a strong parametric coupling between rCPA and . In order to solve the above parameter coupling problem, a target motion parameter estimation method from tonal signals with a single hydrophone is proposed in this paper. The method uses the Doppler and modal interference information carried by the tonal signals to obtain two different parametric coupling curves. Then, the parametric coupling curves can be used to estimate the two motion parameters. Simulation experiments verified the rationality of this method. The proposed method was applied to the SWellEx-96 and speedboat experiments, and the estimation errors of the motion parameters were within 10%, which shows the method is effective in its practical applications.