The circulating microbiome signature and inferred functional metagenomics in alcoholic hepatitis

Intestinal dysbiosis is implicated in alcoholic hepatitis (AH). However, changes in the circulating microbiome, its association with the presence and severity of AH, and its functional relevance in AH is unknown. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of changes in the circulating microbiome were p...

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Published inHepatology (Baltimore, Md.) Vol. 67; no. 4; pp. 1284 - 1302
Main Authors Puri, Puneet, Liangpunsakul, Suthat, Christensen, Jeffrey E., Shah, Vijay H., Kamath, Patrick S., Gores, Gregory J., Walker, Susan, Comerford, Megan, Katz, Barry, Borst, Andrew, Yu, Qigui, Kumar, Divya P., Mirshahi, Faridoddin, Radaeva, Svetlana, Chalasani, Naga P., Crabb, David W., Sanyal, Arun J.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc 01.04.2018
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Abstract Intestinal dysbiosis is implicated in alcoholic hepatitis (AH). However, changes in the circulating microbiome, its association with the presence and severity of AH, and its functional relevance in AH is unknown. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of changes in the circulating microbiome were performed by sequencing bacterial DNA in subjects with moderate AH (MAH) (n = 18) or severe AH (SAH) (n = 19). These data were compared with heavy drinking controls (HDCs) without obvious liver disease (n = 19) and non–alcohol‐consuming controls (NACs, n = 20). The data were related to endotoxin levels and markers of monocyte activation. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis, inferred metagenomics, and predictive functional analysis using PICRUSt were performed. There was a significant increase in 16S copies/ng DNA both in MAH (P < 0.01) and SAH (P < 0.001) subjects. Compared with NACs, the relative abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes was significantly decreased in HDCs, MAH, and SAH (P < 0.001). In contrast, all alcohol‐consuming groups had enrichment with Fusobacteria; this was greatest for HDCs and decreased progressively in MAH and SAH. Subjects with SAH had significantly higher endotoxemia (P = 0.01). Compared with alcohol‐consuming groups, predictive functional metagenomics indicated an enrichment of bacteria with genes related to methanogenesis and denitrification. Furthermore, both HDCs and SAH showed activation of a type III secretion system that has been linked to gram‐negative bacterial virulence. Metagenomics in SAH versus NACs predicted increased isoprenoid synthesis via mevalonate and anthranilate degradation, known modulators of gram‐positive bacterial growth and biofilm production, respectively. Conclusion: Heavy alcohol consumption appears to be the primary driver of changes in the circulating microbiome associated with a shift in its inferred metabolic functions. (Hepatology 2018;67:1284‐1302).
AbstractList Intestinal dysbiosis is implicated in alcoholic hepatitis (AH). However, changes in the circulating microbiome, its association with the presence and severity of AH, and its functional relevance in AH is unknown. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of changes in the circulating microbiome were performed by sequencing bacterial DNA in subjects with moderate AH (MAH) (n = 18) or severe AH (SAH) (n = 19). These data were compared with heavy drinking controls (HDCs) without obvious liver disease (n = 19) and non–alcohol‐consuming controls (NACs, n = 20). The data were related to endotoxin levels and markers of monocyte activation. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis, inferred metagenomics, and predictive functional analysis using PICRUSt were performed. There was a significant increase in 16S copies/ng DNA both in MAH (P < 0.01) and SAH (P < 0.001) subjects. Compared with NACs, the relative abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes was significantly decreased in HDCs, MAH, and SAH (P < 0.001). In contrast, all alcohol‐consuming groups had enrichment with Fusobacteria; this was greatest for HDCs and decreased progressively in MAH and SAH. Subjects with SAH had significantly higher endotoxemia (P = 0.01). Compared with alcohol‐consuming groups, predictive functional metagenomics indicated an enrichment of bacteria with genes related to methanogenesis and denitrification. Furthermore, both HDCs and SAH showed activation of a type III secretion system that has been linked to gram‐negative bacterial virulence. Metagenomics in SAH versus NACs predicted increased isoprenoid synthesis via mevalonate and anthranilate degradation, known modulators of gram‐positive bacterial growth and biofilm production, respectively. Conclusion: Heavy alcohol consumption appears to be the primary driver of changes in the circulating microbiome associated with a shift in its inferred metabolic functions. (Hepatology 2018;67:1284‐1302).
Intestinal dysbiosis is implicated in alcoholic hepatitis (AH). However, changes in the circulating microbiome, its association with the presence and severity of AH, and its functional relevance in AH is unknown. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of changes in the circulating microbiome were performed by sequencing bacterial DNA in subjects with moderate AH (MAH) (n = 18) or severe AH (SAH) (n = 19). These data were compared with heavy drinking controls (HDCs) without obvious liver disease (n = 19) and non-alcohol-consuming controls (NACs, n = 20). The data were related to endotoxin levels and markers of monocyte activation. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis, inferred metagenomics, and predictive functional analysis using PICRUSt were performed. There was a significant increase in 16S copies/ng DNA both in MAH (P < 0.01) and SAH (P < 0.001) subjects. Compared with NACs, the relative abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes was significantly decreased in HDCs, MAH, and SAH (P < 0.001). In contrast, all alcohol-consuming groups had enrichment with Fusobacteria; this was greatest for HDCs and decreased progressively in MAH and SAH. Subjects with SAH had significantly higher endotoxemia (P = 0.01). Compared with alcohol-consuming groups, predictive functional metagenomics indicated an enrichment of bacteria with genes related to methanogenesis and denitrification. Furthermore, both HDCs and SAH showed activation of a type III secretion system that has been linked to gram-negative bacterial virulence. Metagenomics in SAH versus NACs predicted increased isoprenoid synthesis via mevalonate and anthranilate degradation, known modulators of gram-positive bacterial growth and biofilm production, respectively. Heavy alcohol consumption appears to be the primary driver of changes in the circulating microbiome associated with a shift in its inferred metabolic functions. (Hepatology 2018;67:1284-1302).
Intestinal dysbiosis is implicated in alcoholic hepatitis (AH). However, changes in the circulating microbiome, its association with the presence and severity of AH and its functional relevance in AH is unknown. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of changes in the circulating microbiome were performed by sequencing bacterial DNA in subjects with moderate (n=18) or severe AH (n=19). These data were compared to heavy drinking controls (HDC) without obvious liver disease (n=19) and non-alcohol consuming controls (NAC, n=20). The data were related to endotoxin levels and markers of monocyte activation. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis, inferred metagenomics and predictive functional analysis using PICRUSt were performed. There was a significant increase in 16S copies/ng DNA both in MAH (p<0.01) and SAH (p<0.001) subjects. Compared to NAC, the relative abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes was significantly decreased in HDC, MAH, and SAH (p<0.001). In contrast, all alcohol consuming groups had enrichment with Fusobacteria ; this was greatest for HDC and decreased progressively in MAH and SAH. Subjects with SAH had significantly higher endotoxemia (p=0.01). Compared to alcohol consuming groups, predictive functional metagenomics indicated an enrichment of bacteria with genes related to methanogenesis and denitrification. Also, both HDC and SAH showed activation of type III secretion system which has been linked to gram negative bacterial virulence. Metagenomics in SAH vs NAC predicted increased isoprenoid synthesis via mevalonate and anthranilate degradation, known modulators of gram positive bacterial growth and biofilm production respectively. In conclusion, heavy alcohol consumption appears to be the primary driver of changes in the circulating microbiome associated with a shift in its inferred metabolic functions.
Intestinal dysbiosis is implicated in alcoholic hepatitis (AH). However, changes in the circulating microbiome, its association with the presence and severity of AH, and its functional relevance in AH is unknown. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of changes in the circulating microbiome were performed by sequencing bacterial DNA in subjects with moderate AH (MAH) (n = 18) or severe AH (SAH) (n = 19). These data were compared with heavy drinking controls (HDCs) without obvious liver disease (n = 19) and non-alcohol-consuming controls (NACs, n = 20). The data were related to endotoxin levels and markers of monocyte activation. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis, inferred metagenomics, and predictive functional analysis using PICRUSt were performed. There was a significant increase in 16S copies/ng DNA both in MAH (P < 0.01) and SAH (P < 0.001) subjects. Compared with NACs, the relative abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes was significantly decreased in HDCs, MAH, and SAH (P < 0.001). In contrast, all alcohol-consuming groups had enrichment with Fusobacteria; this was greatest for HDCs and decreased progressively in MAH and SAH. Subjects with SAH had significantly higher endotoxemia (P = 0.01). Compared with alcohol-consuming groups, predictive functional metagenomics indicated an enrichment of bacteria with genes related to methanogenesis and denitrification. Furthermore, both HDCs and SAH showed activation of a type III secretion system that has been linked to gram-negative bacterial virulence. Metagenomics in SAH versus NACs predicted increased isoprenoid synthesis via mevalonate and anthranilate degradation, known modulators of gram-positive bacterial growth and biofilm production, respectively.Intestinal dysbiosis is implicated in alcoholic hepatitis (AH). However, changes in the circulating microbiome, its association with the presence and severity of AH, and its functional relevance in AH is unknown. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of changes in the circulating microbiome were performed by sequencing bacterial DNA in subjects with moderate AH (MAH) (n = 18) or severe AH (SAH) (n = 19). These data were compared with heavy drinking controls (HDCs) without obvious liver disease (n = 19) and non-alcohol-consuming controls (NACs, n = 20). The data were related to endotoxin levels and markers of monocyte activation. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis, inferred metagenomics, and predictive functional analysis using PICRUSt were performed. There was a significant increase in 16S copies/ng DNA both in MAH (P < 0.01) and SAH (P < 0.001) subjects. Compared with NACs, the relative abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes was significantly decreased in HDCs, MAH, and SAH (P < 0.001). In contrast, all alcohol-consuming groups had enrichment with Fusobacteria; this was greatest for HDCs and decreased progressively in MAH and SAH. Subjects with SAH had significantly higher endotoxemia (P = 0.01). Compared with alcohol-consuming groups, predictive functional metagenomics indicated an enrichment of bacteria with genes related to methanogenesis and denitrification. Furthermore, both HDCs and SAH showed activation of a type III secretion system that has been linked to gram-negative bacterial virulence. Metagenomics in SAH versus NACs predicted increased isoprenoid synthesis via mevalonate and anthranilate degradation, known modulators of gram-positive bacterial growth and biofilm production, respectively.Heavy alcohol consumption appears to be the primary driver of changes in the circulating microbiome associated with a shift in its inferred metabolic functions. (Hepatology 2018;67:1284-1302).CONCLUSIONHeavy alcohol consumption appears to be the primary driver of changes in the circulating microbiome associated with a shift in its inferred metabolic functions. (Hepatology 2018;67:1284-1302).
Author Gores, Gregory J.
Crabb, David W.
Puri, Puneet
Katz, Barry
Shah, Vijay H.
Borst, Andrew
Chalasani, Naga P.
Comerford, Megan
Walker, Susan
Christensen, Jeffrey E.
Radaeva, Svetlana
Kamath, Patrick S.
Mirshahi, Faridoddin
Yu, Qigui
Liangpunsakul, Suthat
Kumar, Divya P.
Sanyal, Arun J.
AuthorAffiliation 7 National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
5 Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
2 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
4 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
8 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France; Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), F-31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
6 Eskenazi Health, Indianapolis, IN
3 Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
1 Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29083504$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Notes Potential conflicts of interest: Arun J. Sanyal consults for Gilead, Malinckrodt, Salix, Pfizer, Numbus, Nitto Denko, Hemosheat and Lilly. VCU has received grants from Conatus, Novartis, Galectin, Bristol‐Myers Squibb, Merck and Sequana. Sanyal has received royalties from Elseveir and uptodate owns stocks in Akarna, GenFit and Sanyal Bio.
The Translational Research and Evolving Alcoholic Hepatitis Treatment (TREAT) Consortium is supported by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (grants 5U01AA021883‐05, 5U01AA021891‐05, 5U01AA021788‐05, 5U01AA021840‐05, and K23AA021179 [to P.P.]).
See Editorial on Page 1207
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Snippet Intestinal dysbiosis is implicated in alcoholic hepatitis (AH). However, changes in the circulating microbiome, its association with the presence and severity...
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pubmed
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StartPage 1284
SubjectTerms Adult
Alcohol
Alcohol Drinking - adverse effects
Alcohol use
Bacteria
Biodegradation
Biofilms
Cell activation
Denitrification
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Discriminant analysis
DNA
DNA sequencing
DNA, Bacterial - blood
DNA, Bacterial - genetics
Drinking behavior
Dysbacteriosis
Endotoxemia
Endotoxins - blood
Female
Gram-negative bacteria
Hepatitis
Hepatitis, Alcoholic - microbiology
Hepatology
Humans
Intestine
Liver - microbiology
Liver - pathology
Liver diseases
Liver Diseases, Alcoholic - microbiology
Male
Metagenomics - methods
Methanogenesis
Mevalonic acid
Microbiomes
Microbiota - genetics
Middle Aged
Monocytes
Monocytes - pathology
Secretion
Virulence
Title The circulating microbiome signature and inferred functional metagenomics in alcoholic hepatitis
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002%2Fhep.29623
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29083504
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2017677081
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1957770375
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC5867221
Volume 67
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