A Novel Baseline Removal Paradigm for Subject-Independent Features in Emotion Classification Using EEG

• Published in: Bioengineering (Basel) Vol. 10; no. 1; p. 54
• Main Authors: Ahmed, Md. Zaved Iqubal, Sinha, Nidul, Ghaderpour, Ebrahim, Phadikar, Souvik, Ghosh, Rajdeep
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.01.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Affective computing; Arousal; baseline removal; Bioengineering; Brain research; Classification; Datasets; Discriminant analysis; EEG; Electroencephalography; emotion classification; Emotional behavior; Emotions; Feature extraction; inverse filtering; Multilayer perceptrons; Neural networks; Physiology; Support vector machines; Visual signals; Visual stimuli; Wavelet transforms; inverse filtering; baseline removal; EEG; emotion classification
• DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010054
• ISSN: 2306-5354

Emotion plays a vital role in understanding the affective state of mind of an individual. In recent years, emotion classification using electroencephalogram (EEG) has emerged as a key element of affective computing. Many researchers have prepared datasets, such as DEAP and SEED, containing EEG signals captured by the elicitation of emotion using audio–visual stimuli, and many studies have been conducted to classify emotions using these datasets. However, baseline power removal is still considered one of the trivial aspects of preprocessing in feature extraction. The most common technique that prevails is subtracting the baseline power from the trial EEG power. In this paper, a novel method called InvBase method is proposed for removing baseline power before extracting features that remain invariant irrespective of the subject. The features extracted from the baseline removed EEG data are then used for classification of two classes of emotion, i.e., valence and arousal. The proposed scheme is compared with subtractive and no-baseline-correction methods. In terms of classification accuracy, it outperforms the existing state-of-art methods in both valence and arousal classification. The InvBase method plus multilayer perceptron shows an improvement of 29% over the no-baseline-correction method and 15% over the subtractive method.