Consensus Paper: Pathological Role of the Cerebellum in Autism
There has been significant advancement in various aspects of scientific knowledge concerning the role of cerebellum in the etiopathogenesis of autism. In the current consensus paper, we will observe the diversity of opinions regarding the involvement of this important site in the pathology of autism...
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| Published in | Cerebellum (London, England) Vol. 11; no. 3; pp. 777 - 807 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
New York
Springer-Verlag
01.09.2012
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | There has been significant advancement in various aspects of scientific knowledge concerning the role of cerebellum in the etiopathogenesis of autism. In the current consensus paper, we will observe the diversity of opinions regarding the involvement of this important site in the pathology of autism. Recent emergent findings in literature related to cerebellar involvement in autism are discussed, including: cerebellar pathology, cerebellar imaging and symptom expression in autism, cerebellar genetics, cerebellar immune function, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, GABAergic and glutamatergic systems, cholinergic, dopaminergic, serotonergic, and oxytocin-related changes in autism, motor control and cognitive deficits, cerebellar coordination of movements and cognition, gene–environment interactions, therapeutics in autism, and relevant animal models of autism. Points of consensus include presence of abnormal cerebellar anatomy, abnormal neurotransmitter systems, oxidative stress, cerebellar motor and cognitive deficits, and neuroinflammation in subjects with autism. Undefined areas or areas requiring further investigation include lack of treatment options for core symptoms of autism, vermal hypoplasia, and other vermal abnormalities as a consistent feature of autism, mechanisms underlying cerebellar contributions to cognition, and unknown mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation. |
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| AbstractList | There has been significant advancement in various aspects of scientific knowledge concerning the role of cerebellum in the etiopathogenesis of autism. In the current consensus paper, we will observe the diversity of opinions regarding the involvement of this important site in the pathology of autism. Recent emergent findings in literature related to cerebellar involvement in autism are discussed, including: cerebellar pathology, cerebellar imaging and symptom expression in autism, cerebellar genetics, cerebellar immune function, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, GABAergic and glutamatergic systems, cholinergic, dopaminergic, serotonergic, and oxytocin-related changes in autism, motor control and cognitive deficits, cerebellar coordination of movements and cognition, gene-environment interactions, therapeutics in autism, and relevant animal models of autism. Points of consensus include presence of abnormal cerebellar anatomy, abnormal neurotransmitter systems, oxidative stress, cerebellar motor and cognitive deficits, and neuroinflammation in subjects with autism. Undefined areas or areas requiring further investigation include lack of treatment options for core symptoms of autism, vermal hypoplasia, and other vermal abnormalities as a consistent feature of autism, mechanisms underlying cerebellar contributions to cognition, and unknown mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation. There has been significant advancement in various aspects of scientific knowledge concerning the role of cerebellum in the etiopathogenesis of autism. In the current consensus paper, we will observe the diversity of opinions regarding the involvement of this important site in the pathology of autism. Recent emergent findings in literature related to cerebellar involvement in autism are discussed, including: cerebellar pathology, cerebellar imaging and symptom expression in autism, cerebellar genetics, cerebellar immune function, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, GABAergic and glutamatergic systems, cholinergic, dopaminergic, serotonergic, and oxytocin-related changes in autism, motor control and cognitive deficits, cerebellar coordination of movements and cognition, gene-environment interactions, therapeutics in autism, and relevant animal models of autism. Points of consensus include presence of abnormal cerebellar anatomy, abnormal neurotransmitter systems, oxidative stress, cerebellar motor and cognitive deficits, and neuroinflammation in subjects with autism. Undefined areas or areas requiring further investigation include lack of treatment options for core symptoms of autism, vermal hypoplasia, and other vermal abnormalities as a consistent feature of autism, mechanisms underlying cerebellar contributions to cognition, and unknown mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation.There has been significant advancement in various aspects of scientific knowledge concerning the role of cerebellum in the etiopathogenesis of autism. In the current consensus paper, we will observe the diversity of opinions regarding the involvement of this important site in the pathology of autism. Recent emergent findings in literature related to cerebellar involvement in autism are discussed, including: cerebellar pathology, cerebellar imaging and symptom expression in autism, cerebellar genetics, cerebellar immune function, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, GABAergic and glutamatergic systems, cholinergic, dopaminergic, serotonergic, and oxytocin-related changes in autism, motor control and cognitive deficits, cerebellar coordination of movements and cognition, gene-environment interactions, therapeutics in autism, and relevant animal models of autism. Points of consensus include presence of abnormal cerebellar anatomy, abnormal neurotransmitter systems, oxidative stress, cerebellar motor and cognitive deficits, and neuroinflammation in subjects with autism. Undefined areas or areas requiring further investigation include lack of treatment options for core symptoms of autism, vermal hypoplasia, and other vermal abnormalities as a consistent feature of autism, mechanisms underlying cerebellar contributions to cognition, and unknown mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation. |
| Author | Blatt, Gene J. Dager, Stephen R. Ashwood, Paul Blaha, Charles D. Persico, Antonio M. Webb, Sara J. Aldinger, Kimberly A. Chauhan, Ved Heck, Detlef H. Welsh, John P. Goldowitz, Dan King, Bryan H. Mittleman, Guy Martin, Loren A. Fatemi, S. Hossein Millen, Kathleen J. Bauman, Margaret L. Estes, Annette M. Chauhan, Abha Kemper, Thomas L. Sweeney, John A. Dickson, Price E. Mosconi, Matthew W. |
| AuthorAffiliation | 18 Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry and Neurogenetics, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy 1 Associate Chair of Neuroscience and Translational Research, Professor of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, USA 10 Autism Center, University of Washington, Seattle, USA 16 Seattle Children’s Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA 6 Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Tennessee, USA 13 Professor of Pathology and Anatomy, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, USA 14 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington Seattle Children’s Autism Center, USA 17 Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA 4 Associate Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, USA 2 Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, Universi |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Associate Chair of Neuroscience and Translational Research, Professor of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, USA – name: 3 Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (M.I.N.D.) Institute, University of California, Davis, USA – name: 10 Autism Center, University of Washington, Seattle, USA – name: 15 Department of Psychology, Azusa Pacific University, California, USA – name: 5 Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA – name: 7 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts, USA – name: 8 NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA – name: 2 Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA – name: 6 Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Tennessee, USA – name: 16 Seattle Children’s Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA – name: 19 Department of Experimental Neurosciences, I.R.C.C.S. “Fondazione Santa Lucia”, Rome, Italy – name: 11 Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada – name: 9 Departments of Radiology and Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, USA – name: 14 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington Seattle Children’s Autism Center, USA – name: 17 Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA – name: 4 Associate Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, USA – name: 12 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, USA – name: 18 Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry and Neurogenetics, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy – name: 20 Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA – name: 13 Professor of Pathology and Anatomy, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, USA |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: S. Hossein surname: Fatemi fullname: Fatemi, S. Hossein email: fatem002@umn.edu organization: University of Minnesota Medical School – sequence: 2 givenname: Kimberly A. surname: Aldinger fullname: Aldinger, Kimberly A. organization: Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California – sequence: 3 givenname: Paul surname: Ashwood fullname: Ashwood, Paul organization: Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (M.I.N.D.) Institute, University of California – sequence: 4 givenname: Margaret L. surname: Bauman fullname: Bauman, Margaret L. organization: Harvard Medical School, Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital – sequence: 5 givenname: Charles D. surname: Blaha fullname: Blaha, Charles D. organization: Department of Psychology, University of Memphis – sequence: 6 givenname: Gene J. surname: Blatt fullname: Blatt, Gene J. organization: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine – sequence: 7 givenname: Abha surname: Chauhan fullname: Chauhan, Abha organization: NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities – sequence: 8 givenname: Ved surname: Chauhan fullname: Chauhan, Ved organization: NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities – sequence: 9 givenname: Stephen R. surname: Dager fullname: Dager, Stephen R. organization: Departments of Radiology and Bioengineering, University of Washington, Autism Center, University of Washington – sequence: 10 givenname: Price E. surname: Dickson fullname: Dickson, Price E. organization: Department of Psychology, University of Memphis – sequence: 11 givenname: Annette M. surname: Estes fullname: Estes, Annette M. organization: Autism Center, University of Washington – sequence: 12 givenname: Dan surname: Goldowitz fullname: Goldowitz, Dan organization: Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia – sequence: 13 givenname: Detlef H. surname: Heck fullname: Heck, Detlef H. organization: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center – sequence: 14 givenname: Thomas L. surname: Kemper fullname: Kemper, Thomas L. organization: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine – sequence: 15 givenname: Bryan H. surname: King fullname: King, Bryan H. organization: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington Seattle Children’s Autism Center – sequence: 16 givenname: Loren A. surname: Martin fullname: Martin, Loren A. organization: Department of Psychology, Azusa Pacific University – sequence: 17 givenname: Kathleen J. surname: Millen fullname: Millen, Kathleen J. organization: Seattle Children’s Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington – sequence: 18 givenname: Guy surname: Mittleman fullname: Mittleman, Guy organization: Department of Psychology, University of Memphis – sequence: 19 givenname: Matthew W. surname: Mosconi fullname: Mosconi, Matthew W. organization: Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center – sequence: 20 givenname: Antonio M. surname: Persico fullname: Persico, Antonio M. organization: Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry and Neurogenetics, University Campus Bio-Medico, and Department of Experimental Neurosciences, I.R.C.C.S. “Fondazione Santa Lucia” – sequence: 21 givenname: John A. surname: Sweeney fullname: Sweeney, John A. organization: Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center – sequence: 22 givenname: Sara J. surname: Webb fullname: Webb, Sara J. organization: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington Seattle Children’s Autism Center – sequence: 23 givenname: John P. surname: Welsh fullname: Welsh, John P. organization: Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22370873$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals Autistic Disorder - genetics Autistic Disorder - immunology Autistic Disorder - metabolism Autistic Disorder - pathology Autistic Disorder - therapy Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal - metabolism Cerebellar Diseases - genetics Cerebellar Diseases - immunology Cerebellum - immunology Cerebellum - metabolism Cerebellum - pathology Cerebellum - physiopathology Cognition Disorders - etiology Cognition Disorders - physiopathology Disease Models, Animal Extracellular Matrix Proteins - metabolism gamma-Aminobutyric Acid - metabolism Gene-Environment Interaction Glutamic Acid - metabolism Humans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mitochondria - metabolism Movement Disorders - etiology Movement Disorders - physiopathology Nerve Tissue Proteins - metabolism Neurobiology Neurology Neurosciences Neurotransmitter Agents - metabolism Oxidative Stress Reelin Protein Review Serine Endopeptidases - metabolism |
| Title | Consensus Paper: Pathological Role of the Cerebellum in Autism |
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