Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection: an up-date of the distribution and circulation of hepatitis C virus genotypes
AIM To review Hepatitis C virus(HCV) prevalence and genotypes distribution worldwide.METHODS We conducted a systematic study which represents one of the most comprehensive effort to quantify global HCV epidemiology,using the best available published data between 2000 and 2015 from 138 countries(abou...
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| Published in | World journal of gastroenterology : WJG Vol. 22; no. 34; pp. 7824 - 7840 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc
14.09.2016
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | AIM To review Hepatitis C virus(HCV) prevalence and genotypes distribution worldwide.METHODS We conducted a systematic study which represents one of the most comprehensive effort to quantify global HCV epidemiology,using the best available published data between 2000 and 2015 from 138 countries(about 90% of the global population),grouped in 20 geographical areas(with the exclusion of Oceania),as defined by the Global Burden of Diseases project(GBD). Countries for which we were unable to obtain HCV genotype prevalence data were excluded from calculations of regional proportions,although their populations were included in the total population size of each region when generating regional genotype prevalence estimates.RESULTS Total global HCV prevalence is estimated at 2.5%(177.5 million of HCV infected adults),ranging from 2.9% in Africa and 1.3% in Americas,with a global viraemic rate of 67%(118.9 million of HCV RNA positive cases),varying from 64.4% in Asia to 74.8% in Australasia. HCV genotype 1 is the most prevalent worldwide(49.1%),followed by genotype 3(17.9%),4(16.8%) and 2(11.0%). Genotypes 5 and 6 are responsible for the remaining < 5%. While genotypes 1 and 3 are common worldwide,the largest proportion of genotypes 4 and 5 is in lower-income countries. Although HCV genotypes 1 and 3 infections are the most prevalent globally(67.0% if considered together),other genotypes are found more commonly in lowerincome countries where still account for a significant proportion of HCV cases.CONCLUSION A more precise knowledge of HCV genotype distribution will be helpful to best inform national healthcare models to improve access to new treatments. |
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| AbstractList | AIM To review Hepatitis C virus(HCV) prevalence and genotypes distribution worldwide.METHODS We conducted a systematic study which represents one of the most comprehensive effort to quantify global HCV epidemiology,using the best available published data between 2000 and 2015 from 138 countries(about 90% of the global population),grouped in 20 geographical areas(with the exclusion of Oceania),as defined by the Global Burden of Diseases project(GBD). Countries for which we were unable to obtain HCV genotype prevalence data were excluded from calculations of regional proportions,although their populations were included in the total population size of each region when generating regional genotype prevalence estimates.RESULTS Total global HCV prevalence is estimated at 2.5%(177.5 million of HCV infected adults),ranging from 2.9% in Africa and 1.3% in Americas,with a global viraemic rate of 67%(118.9 million of HCV RNA positive cases),varying from 64.4% in Asia to 74.8% in Australasia. HCV genotype 1 is the most prevalent worldwide(49.1%),followed by genotype 3(17.9%),4(16.8%) and 2(11.0%). Genotypes 5 and 6 are responsible for the remaining < 5%. While genotypes 1 and 3 are common worldwide,the largest proportion of genotypes 4 and 5 is in lower-income countries. Although HCV genotypes 1 and 3 infections are the most prevalent globally(67.0% if considered together),other genotypes are found more commonly in lowerincome countries where still account for a significant proportion of HCV cases.CONCLUSION A more precise knowledge of HCV genotype distribution will be helpful to best inform national healthcare models to improve access to new treatments. To review Hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence and genotypes distribution worldwide. We conducted a systematic study which represents one of the most comprehensive effort to quantify global HCV epidemiology, using the best available published data between 2000 and 2015 from 138 countries (about 90% of the global population), grouped in 20 geographical areas (with the exclusion of Oceania), as defined by the Global Burden of Diseases project (GBD). Countries for which we were unable to obtain HCV genotype prevalence data were excluded from calculations of regional proportions, although their populations were included in the total population size of each region when generating regional genotype prevalence estimates. Total global HCV prevalence is estimated at 2.5% (177.5 million of HCV infected adults), ranging from 2.9% in Africa and 1.3% in Americas, with a global viraemic rate of 67% (118.9 million of HCV RNA positive cases), varying from 64.4% in Asia to 74.8% in Australasia. HCV genotype 1 is the most prevalent worldwide (49.1%), followed by genotype 3 (17.9%), 4 (16.8%) and 2 (11.0%). Genotypes 5 and 6 are responsible for the remaining < 5%. While genotypes 1 and 3 are common worldwide, the largest proportion of genotypes 4 and 5 is in lower-income countries. Although HCV genotypes 1 and 3 infections are the most prevalent globally (67.0% if considered together), other genotypes are found more commonly in lower-income countries where still account for a significant proportion of HCV cases. A more precise knowledge of HCV genotype distribution will be helpful to best inform national healthcare models to improve access to new treatments. To review Hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence and genotypes distribution worldwide.AIMTo review Hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence and genotypes distribution worldwide.We conducted a systematic study which represents one of the most comprehensive effort to quantify global HCV epidemiology, using the best available published data between 2000 and 2015 from 138 countries (about 90% of the global population), grouped in 20 geographical areas (with the exclusion of Oceania), as defined by the Global Burden of Diseases project (GBD). Countries for which we were unable to obtain HCV genotype prevalence data were excluded from calculations of regional proportions, although their populations were included in the total population size of each region when generating regional genotype prevalence estimates.METHODSWe conducted a systematic study which represents one of the most comprehensive effort to quantify global HCV epidemiology, using the best available published data between 2000 and 2015 from 138 countries (about 90% of the global population), grouped in 20 geographical areas (with the exclusion of Oceania), as defined by the Global Burden of Diseases project (GBD). Countries for which we were unable to obtain HCV genotype prevalence data were excluded from calculations of regional proportions, although their populations were included in the total population size of each region when generating regional genotype prevalence estimates.Total global HCV prevalence is estimated at 2.5% (177.5 million of HCV infected adults), ranging from 2.9% in Africa and 1.3% in Americas, with a global viraemic rate of 67% (118.9 million of HCV RNA positive cases), varying from 64.4% in Asia to 74.8% in Australasia. HCV genotype 1 is the most prevalent worldwide (49.1%), followed by genotype 3 (17.9%), 4 (16.8%) and 2 (11.0%). Genotypes 5 and 6 are responsible for the remaining < 5%. While genotypes 1 and 3 are common worldwide, the largest proportion of genotypes 4 and 5 is in lower-income countries. Although HCV genotypes 1 and 3 infections are the most prevalent globally (67.0% if considered together), other genotypes are found more commonly in lower-income countries where still account for a significant proportion of HCV cases.RESULTSTotal global HCV prevalence is estimated at 2.5% (177.5 million of HCV infected adults), ranging from 2.9% in Africa and 1.3% in Americas, with a global viraemic rate of 67% (118.9 million of HCV RNA positive cases), varying from 64.4% in Asia to 74.8% in Australasia. HCV genotype 1 is the most prevalent worldwide (49.1%), followed by genotype 3 (17.9%), 4 (16.8%) and 2 (11.0%). Genotypes 5 and 6 are responsible for the remaining < 5%. While genotypes 1 and 3 are common worldwide, the largest proportion of genotypes 4 and 5 is in lower-income countries. Although HCV genotypes 1 and 3 infections are the most prevalent globally (67.0% if considered together), other genotypes are found more commonly in lower-income countries where still account for a significant proportion of HCV cases.A more precise knowledge of HCV genotype distribution will be helpful to best inform national healthcare models to improve access to new treatments.CONCLUSIONA more precise knowledge of HCV genotype distribution will be helpful to best inform national healthcare models to improve access to new treatments. |
| Author | Arnolfo Petruzziello Samantha Marigliano Giovanna Loquercio Anna Cozzolino Carmela Cacciapuoti |
| AuthorAffiliation | Laboratory of Virology and Molecular Biology 'V.Tridente',IRCCS Italia |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Arnolfo surname: Petruzziello fullname: Petruzziello, Arnolfo – sequence: 2 givenname: Samantha surname: Marigliano fullname: Marigliano, Samantha – sequence: 3 givenname: Giovanna surname: Loquercio fullname: Loquercio, Giovanna – sequence: 4 givenname: Anna surname: Cozzolino fullname: Cozzolino, Anna – sequence: 5 givenname: Carmela surname: Cacciapuoti fullname: Cacciapuoti, Carmela |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27678366$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | Hepatitis C virus genotype Viraemia Hepatitis C virus prevalence Hepatitis C virus infections Hepatitis C virus Epidemiology |
| Language | English |
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| Notes | Arnolfo Petruzziello;Samantha Marigliano;Giovanna Loquercio;Anna Cozzolino;Carmela Cacciapuoti;Laboratory of Virology and Molecular Biology 'V.Tridente',IRCCS Italia ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 Correspondence to: Arnolfo Petruzziello, PhD, Laboratory of Virology and Molecular Biology "V. Tridente", IRCCS Italia, Fondazione " G. Pascale", Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy. a.petruzziello@istitutotumori.na.it Author contributions: Petruzziello A, Marigliano S, Loquercio G and Cozzolino A acquired the data; Petruzziello A drafted the article and contributed to conception and design; Cacciapuoti C contributed to critical revision for important intellectual content; all authors approved the final version to be published. Telephone: +39-81-5903433 Fax: +39-81-5453854 |
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| Publisher_xml | – name: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc |
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| Snippet | AIM To review Hepatitis C virus(HCV) prevalence and genotypes distribution worldwide.METHODS We conducted a systematic study which represents one of the most... To review Hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence and genotypes distribution worldwide. We conducted a systematic study which represents one of the most... To review Hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence and genotypes distribution worldwide.AIMTo review Hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence and genotypes distribution... |
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| SubjectTerms | Africa - epidemiology Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use Asia - epidemiology Australasia - epidemiology Genotype genotype;Epidemiology;Hepatitis Global Health Hepacivirus - genetics Hepatitis Hepatitis C - epidemiology Humans infections;Viraemia North America - epidemiology Prevalence prevalence;Hepatitis South America - epidemiology Systematic Reviews virus virus;Hepatitis |
| Title | Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection: an up-date of the distribution and circulation of hepatitis C virus genotypes |
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