A floristic survey of the Hyrcanian forests in Northern Iran, using two lowland-mountain transects

We investigated the floristic composition of the Hyrcanian forests and the related forest-steppe ecotone in Northern Iran by using two long ecological transects, from lowland to upper mountain areas. The study was conducted during 2008 and 2009 and yielded the identification of 395 plant taxa belong...

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Published inJournal of forestry research Vol. 26; no. 1; pp. 187 - 199
Main Authors Naqinezhad, Alireza, Zare-Maivan, Hassan, Gholizadeh, Hamid
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Harbin Springer-Verlag 01.03.2015
Northeast Forestry University
Springer
Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, P.0. Box 47416-95447, Mazandaran, Iran%Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Tarbiat-Modares, Tehran 14115-154, Iran
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Abstract We investigated the floristic composition of the Hyrcanian forests and the related forest-steppe ecotone in Northern Iran by using two long ecological transects, from lowland to upper mountain areas. The study was conducted during 2008 and 2009 and yielded the identification of 395 plant taxa belonging to 233 genera and 78 families. Dicots with 300 taxa were the richest groups of the flora, followed by monocots with 75 taxa, pteridophytes with 18 species,and gymnosperms with two species. The largest families were Asteraceae(33 taxa); Rosaceae(32 taxa); and Poaceae(30 taxa), and the most diverse genera included Carex(15 taxa); Alchemilla(7 taxa); and Poa, Geranium and Acer(6 taxa each). Hemicryptophytes were the most dominant life forms in the area(40 %); followed by geophytes(31.4 %); phanerophytes(15.4 %); therophytes(11.4 %); and chamaephytes(1.8 %). Phytogeographically,Euro-Siberian/Irano-Turanian elements(86 taxa, 21.8 %)and Euro-Siberian elements(85 taxa, 21.5 %) were the most common chorotypes in the area. Out of 395 taxa, 66taxa(16.7 %) were endemics and subendemics in Iran, of which 26 taxa were exclusively endemics of Iran.According to the IUCN Red List Categories, 48 threatened plant taxa were found in the study area. Plant diversity, life form, and chorotypes in the current study were compared with similar transect studies in other areas of the Hyrcanian forests and in different altitudinal belts, using S?renson similarity indices. Floristic composition of the surveyed transects demonstrated almost 50 % similarity between them.
AbstractList We investigated the floristic composition of the Hyrcanian forests and the related forest-steppe ecotone in Northern Iran by using two long ecological transects, from lowland to upper mountain areas. The study was conducted during 2008 and 2009 and yielded the identification of 395 plant taxa belonging to 233 genera and 78 families. Dicots with 300 taxa were the richest groups of the flora, followed by monocots with 75 taxa, pteridophytes with 18 species, and gymnosperms with two species. The largest families were Asteraceae (33 taxa); Rosaceae (32 taxa); and Poaceae (30 taxa), and the most diverse genera included Carex (15 taxa); Alchemilla (7 taxa); and Poa , Geranium and Acer (6 taxa each). Hemicryptophytes were the most dominant life forms in the area (40 %); followed by geophytes (31.4 %); phanerophytes (15.4 %); therophytes (11.4 %); and chamaephytes (1.8 %). Phytogeographically, Euro-Siberian/Irano-Turanian elements (86 taxa, 21.8 %) and Euro-Siberian elements (85 taxa, 21.5 %) were the most common chorotypes in the area. Out of 395 taxa, 66 taxa (16.7 %) were endemics and subendemics in Iran, of which 26 taxa were exclusively endemics of Iran. According to the IUCN Red List Categories, 48 threatened plant taxa were found in the study area. Plant diversity, life form, and chorotypes in the current study were compared with similar transect studies in other areas of the Hyrcanian forests and in different altitudinal belts, using Sørenson similarity indices. Floristic composition of the surveyed transects demonstrated almost 50 % similarity between them.
We investigated the floristic composition of the Hyrcanian forests and the related forest-steppe ecotone in Northern Iran by using two long ecological transects, from lowland to upper mountain areas. The study was conducted during 2008 and 2009 and yielded the identification of 395 plant taxa belonging to 233 genera and 78 families. Dicots with 300 taxa were the richest groups of the flora, followed by monocots with 75 taxa, pteridophytes with 18 species, and gymnosperms with two species. The largest families were Asteraceae (33 taxa); Rosaceae (32 taxa); and Poaceae (30 taxa), and the most diverse genera included Carex (15 taxa); Alchemilla (7 taxa); and Poa, Geranium and Acer (6 taxa each). Hemicryptophytes were the most dominant life forms in the area (40 %); followed by geophytes (31.4 %); phanerophytes (15.4 %); therophytes (11.4 %); and chamaephytes (1.8 %). Phytogeographically, Euro-Siberian/Irano-Turanian elements (86 taxa, 21.8 %) and Euro-Siberian elements (85 taxa, 21.5 %) were the most common chorotypes in the area. Out of 395 taxa, 66 taxa (16.7 %) were endemics and subendemics in Iran, of which 26 taxa were exclusively endemics of Iran. According to the IUCN Red List Categories, 48 threatened plant taxa were found in the study area. Plant diversity, life form, and chorotypes in the current study were compared with similar transect studies in other areas of the Hyrcanian forests and in different altitudinal belts, using Sørenson similarity indices. Floristic composition of the surveyed transects demonstrated almost 50 % similarity between them.
We investigated the floristic composition of the Hyrcanian forests and the related forest-steppe ecotone in Northern Iran by using two long ecological transects, from lowland to upper mountain areas. The study was conducted during 2008 and 2009 and yielded the identification of 395 plant taxa belonging to 233 genera and 78 families. Dicots with 300 taxa were the richest groups of the flora, followed by monocots with 75 taxa, pteridophytes with 18 species,and gymnosperms with two species. The largest families were Asteraceae(33 taxa); Rosaceae(32 taxa); and Poaceae(30 taxa), and the most diverse genera included Carex(15 taxa); Alchemilla(7 taxa); and Poa, Geranium and Acer(6 taxa each). Hemicryptophytes were the most dominant life forms in the area(40 %); followed by geophytes(31.4 %); phanerophytes(15.4 %); therophytes(11.4 %); and chamaephytes(1.8 %). Phytogeographically,Euro-Siberian/Irano-Turanian elements(86 taxa, 21.8 %)and Euro-Siberian elements(85 taxa, 21.5 %) were the most common chorotypes in the area. Out of 395 taxa, 66taxa(16.7 %) were endemics and subendemics in Iran, of which 26 taxa were exclusively endemics of Iran.According to the IUCN Red List Categories, 48 threatened plant taxa were found in the study area. Plant diversity, life form, and chorotypes in the current study were compared with similar transect studies in other areas of the Hyrcanian forests and in different altitudinal belts, using S?renson similarity indices. Floristic composition of the surveyed transects demonstrated almost 50 % similarity between them.
We investigated the floristic composition of the Hyrcanian forests and the related forest-steppe ecotone in Northern Iran by using two long ecological transects, from lowland to upper mountain areas. The study was conducted during 2008 and 2009 and yielded the identification of 395 plant taxa belonging to 233 genera and 78 families. Dicots with 300 taxa were the richest groups of the flora, followed by monocots with 75 taxa, pteridophytes with 18 species, and gymnosperms with two species. The largest families were Asteraceae (33 taxa); Rosaceae (32 taxa); and Poaceae (30 taxa), and the most diverse genera included Carex (15 taxa); Alchemilla (7 taxa); and Poa, Geranium and Acer (6 taxa each). Hemicryptophytes were the most dominant life forms in the area (40 %); followed by geophytes (31.4 %); phanerophytes (15.4 %); therophytes (11.4 %); and chamaephytes (1.8 %). Phytogeographically, Euro-Siberian/Irano-Turanian elements (86 taxa, 21.8 %) and Euro-Siberian elements (85 taxa, 21.5 %) were the most common chorotypes in the area. Out of 395 taxa, 66 taxa (16.7 %) were endemics and subendemics in Iran, of which 26 taxa were exclusively endemics of Iran. According to the IUCN Red List Categories, 48 threatened plant taxa were found in the study area. Plant diversity, life form, and chorotypes in the current study were compared with similar transect studies in other areas of the Hyrcanian forests and in different altitudinal belts, using Sørenson similarity indices. Floristic composition of the surveyed transects demonstrated almost 50 % similarity between them.
We investigated the floristic composition of the Hyrcanian forests and the related forest-steppe ecotone in Northern Iran by using two long ecological transects, from lowland to upper mountain areas. The study was conducted during 2008 and 2009 and yielded the identification of 395 plant taxa belonging to 233 genera and 78 families. Dicots with 300 taxa were the richest groups of the flora, followed by monocots with 75 taxa, pteridophytes with 18 species, and gymnosperms with two species. The largest families were Asteraceae (33 taxa); Rosaceae (32 taxa); and Poa-ceae (30 taxa), and the most diverse genera included Carex (15 taxa); Alchemilla (7 taxa); and Poa, Geranium and Acer (6 taxa each). Hemicryptophytes were the most dominant life forms in the area (40%); followed by geo-phytes (31.4%); phanerophytes (15.4%); therophytes (11.4%);and chamaephytes (1.8%). Phytogeographically, Euro-Siberian/Irano-Turanian elements (86 taxa, 21.8%) and Euro-Siberian elements (85 taxa, 21.5%) were the most common chorotypes in the area. Out of 395 taxa, 66 taxa (16.7%) were endemics and subendemics in Iran, of which 26 taxa were exclusively endemics of Iran. According to the IUCN Red List Categories, 48 threatened plant taxa were found in the study area. Plant diversity, life form, and chorotypes in the current study were compared with similar transect studies in other areas of the Hyrcanian forests and in different altitudinal belts, using S?renson similarity indices. Floristic composition of the surveyed transects demonstrated almost 50% similarity between them.
Audience Academic
Author Naqinezhad, Alireza
Zare-Maivan, Hassan
Gholizadeh, Hamid
AuthorAffiliation Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences,University of Mazandaran,Babolsar, P.O. Box 47416-95447, Mazandaran, Iran Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Biological Sciences,University of Tarbiat-Modares, Tehran 14115-154, Iran
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Issue 1
Keywords Hyrcanian forest
Ecological transects
IUCN Red List
Endemism
Sørenson similarity index
S?renson similarity index
Language English
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Notes Hyrcanian forest Ecological transects S?renson similarity index IUCN Red List Endemism
23-1409/S
We investigated the floristic composition of the Hyrcanian forests and the related forest-steppe ecotone in Northern Iran by using two long ecological transects, from lowland to upper mountain areas. The study was conducted during 2008 and 2009 and yielded the identification of 395 plant taxa belonging to 233 genera and 78 families. Dicots with 300 taxa were the richest groups of the flora, followed by monocots with 75 taxa, pteridophytes with 18 species,and gymnosperms with two species. The largest families were Asteraceae(33 taxa); Rosaceae(32 taxa); and Poaceae(30 taxa), and the most diverse genera included Carex(15 taxa); Alchemilla(7 taxa); and Poa, Geranium and Acer(6 taxa each). Hemicryptophytes were the most dominant life forms in the area(40 %); followed by geophytes(31.4 %); phanerophytes(15.4 %); therophytes(11.4 %); and chamaephytes(1.8 %). Phytogeographically,Euro-Siberian/Irano-Turanian elements(86 taxa, 21.8 %)and Euro-Siberian elements(85 taxa, 21.5 %) were the most common chorotypes in the area. Out of 395 taxa, 66taxa(16.7 %) were endemics and subendemics in Iran, of which 26 taxa were exclusively endemics of Iran.According to the IUCN Red List Categories, 48 threatened plant taxa were found in the study area. Plant diversity, life form, and chorotypes in the current study were compared with similar transect studies in other areas of the Hyrcanian forests and in different altitudinal belts, using S?renson similarity indices. Floristic composition of the surveyed transects demonstrated almost 50 % similarity between them.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-015-0019-y
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PublicationTitleAlternate Journal of Forestry Research
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Publisher Springer-Verlag
Northeast Forestry University
Springer
Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, P.0. Box 47416-95447, Mazandaran, Iran%Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Tarbiat-Modares, Tehran 14115-154, Iran
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Snippet We investigated the floristic composition of the Hyrcanian forests and the related forest-steppe ecotone in Northern Iran by using two long ecological...
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SubjectTerms Acer
Alchemilla
Asteraceae
Biomedical and Life Sciences
botanical composition
Carex
Coniferophyta
ecotones
Endangered species
ferns and fern allies
flora
Forestry
forests
Forests and forestry
geophytes
Geranium
hemicryptophytes
Life Sciences
Original Paper
phanerophytes
phytogeography
Poa
Pteridophytes
Surveys
伊朗
低地
区系调查
双子叶植物
断面
森林草原过渡带
植物区系成分
相似性指数
Title A floristic survey of the Hyrcanian forests in Northern Iran, using two lowland-mountain transects
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