Effects of biventricular pacing on left heart twist and strain in a porcine model of right heart failure
Abstract Background Biventricular pacing (BiVP) improves cardiac output (CO) in selected cardiac surgery patients, but response remains variable, necessitating a better understanding of the mechanism. Accordingly, we used speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) to analyze BiVP during acute right ven...
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Published in | The Journal of surgical research Vol. 185; no. 2; pp. 645 - 652 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Abstract | Abstract Background Biventricular pacing (BiVP) improves cardiac output (CO) in selected cardiac surgery patients, but response remains variable, necessitating a better understanding of the mechanism. Accordingly, we used speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) to analyze BiVP during acute right ventricular pressure overload (RVPO). Materials and methods In nine pigs, the inferior vena cava (IVC) was snared to decrease CO and establish a control model. Heart block was induced, the pulmonary artery snared, and BiVP initiated. Echocardiograms of the left ventricular midpapillary level were taken at varying atrioventricular delay (AVD) and interventricular delay (VVD) for STE analysis of regional circumferential strain (CS) and radial strain (RS). Echocardiograms were taken of the left ventricular base, midpapillary, and apex during baseline, IVC occlusion, and each BiVP setting for STE analysis of twist, apical and basal rotations, CS, RS, and synchrony. Indices were correlated against CO with mixed linear models. Results During IVC occlusion, CO correlated with twist, apical rotation, RS, RS synchrony, and CS ( P < 0.05). During RVPO with BiVP, CO only correlated with RS synchrony and CS ( P < 0.05). During AVD and VVD variations, CO was associated with free wall RS ( P < 0.008). CO correlated with septal wall CS during AVD variation and free wall CS during VVD variation ( P < 0.008). Conclusions In an open chest model, twist, RS, RS synchrony, and CS analyzed by STE may be noninvasive surrogates for changes in CO. During RVPO, changes in RS synchrony and CS with varying regional strain contributions may be the primary mechanism in which BiVP improves CO. Lack of correlation of remaining indices may reflect postsystolic function. |
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AbstractList | BACKGROUNDBiventricular pacing (BiVP) improves cardiac output (CO) in selected cardiac surgery patients, but response remains variable, necessitating a better understanding of the mechanism. Accordingly, we used speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) to analyze BiVP during acute right ventricular pressure overload (RVPO). MATERIALS AND METHODSIn nine pigs, the inferior vena cava (IVC) was snared to decrease CO and establish a control model. Heart block was induced, the pulmonary artery snared, and BiVP initiated. Echocardiograms of the left ventricular midpapillary level were taken at varying atrioventricular delay (AVD) and interventricular delay (VVD) for STE analysis of regional circumferential strain (CS) and radial strain (RS). Echocardiograms were taken of the left ventricular base, midpapillary, and apex during baseline, IVC occlusion, and each BiVP setting for STE analysis of twist, apical and basal rotations, CS, RS, and synchrony. Indices were correlated against CO with mixed linear models. RESULTSDuring IVC occlusion, CO correlated with twist, apical rotation, RS, RS synchrony, and CS (P < 0.05). During RVPO with BiVP, CO only correlated with RS synchrony and CS (P < 0.05). During AVD and VVD variations, CO was associated with free wall RS (P < 0.008). CO correlated with septal wall CS during AVD variation and free wall CS during VVD variation (P < 0.008). CONCLUSIONSIn an open chest model, twist, RS, RS synchrony, and CS analyzed by STE may be noninvasive surrogates for changes in CO. During RVPO, changes in RS synchrony and CS with varying regional strain contributions may be the primary mechanism in which BiVP improves CO. Lack of correlation of remaining indices may reflect postsystolic function. Biventricular pacing (BiVP) improves cardiac output (CO) in selected cardiac surgery patients, but response remains variable, necessitating a better understanding of the mechanism. Accordingly, we used speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) to analyze BiVP during acute right ventricular pressure overload (RVPO). In nine pigs, the inferior vena cava (IVC) was snared to decrease CO and establish a control model. Heart block was induced, the pulmonary artery snared, and BiVP initiated. Echocardiograms of the left ventricular midpapillary level were taken at varying atrioventricular delay (AVD) and interventricular delay (VVD) for STE analysis of regional circumferential strain (CS) and radial strain (RS). Echocardiograms were taken of the left ventricular base, midpapillary, and apex during baseline, IVC occlusion, and each BiVP setting for STE analysis of twist, apical and basal rotations, CS, RS, and synchrony. Indices were correlated against CO with mixed linear models. During IVC occlusion, CO correlated with twist, apical rotation, RS, RS synchrony, and CS (P < 0.05). During RVPO with BiVP, CO only correlated with RS synchrony and CS (P < 0.05). During AVD and VVD variations, CO was associated with free wall RS (P < 0.008). CO correlated with septal wall CS during AVD variation and free wall CS during VVD variation (P < 0.008). In an open chest model, twist, RS, RS synchrony, and CS analyzed by STE may be noninvasive surrogates for changes in CO. During RVPO, changes in RS synchrony and CS with varying regional strain contributions may be the primary mechanism in which BiVP improves CO. Lack of correlation of remaining indices may reflect postsystolic function. Abstract Background Biventricular pacing (BiVP) improves cardiac output (CO) in selected cardiac surgery patients, but response remains variable, necessitating a better understanding of the mechanism. Accordingly, we used speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) to analyze BiVP during acute right ventricular pressure overload (RVPO). Materials and methods In nine pigs, the inferior vena cava (IVC) was snared to decrease CO and establish a control model. Heart block was induced, the pulmonary artery snared, and BiVP initiated. Echocardiograms of the left ventricular midpapillary level were taken at varying atrioventricular delay (AVD) and interventricular delay (VVD) for STE analysis of regional circumferential strain (CS) and radial strain (RS). Echocardiograms were taken of the left ventricular base, midpapillary, and apex during baseline, IVC occlusion, and each BiVP setting for STE analysis of twist, apical and basal rotations, CS, RS, and synchrony. Indices were correlated against CO with mixed linear models. Results During IVC occlusion, CO correlated with twist, apical rotation, RS, RS synchrony, and CS ( P < 0.05). During RVPO with BiVP, CO only correlated with RS synchrony and CS ( P < 0.05). During AVD and VVD variations, CO was associated with free wall RS ( P < 0.008). CO correlated with septal wall CS during AVD variation and free wall CS during VVD variation ( P < 0.008). Conclusions In an open chest model, twist, RS, RS synchrony, and CS analyzed by STE may be noninvasive surrogates for changes in CO. During RVPO, changes in RS synchrony and CS with varying regional strain contributions may be the primary mechanism in which BiVP improves CO. Lack of correlation of remaining indices may reflect postsystolic function. |
Author | Gonzalez, Gerardo Spotnitz, Henry M., MD Cheng, Bin, PhD Wang, Alice, MD Cabreriza, Santos E., MBA Havalad, Vinod, MD Velez de Villa, Bryan, BS Aponte-Patel, Linda, MD |
AuthorAffiliation | b Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina d Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University, New York, New York a Department of Surgery, Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, New York c Department of Pediatrics-Critical Care, Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, New York |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: d Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University, New York, New York – name: a Department of Surgery, Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, New York – name: b Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina – name: c Department of Pediatrics-Critical Care, Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, New York |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Wang, Alice, MD – sequence: 2 fullname: Cabreriza, Santos E., MBA – sequence: 3 fullname: Havalad, Vinod, MD – sequence: 4 fullname: Aponte-Patel, Linda, MD – sequence: 5 fullname: Gonzalez, Gerardo – sequence: 6 fullname: Velez de Villa, Bryan, BS – sequence: 7 fullname: Cheng, Bin, PhD – sequence: 8 fullname: Spotnitz, Henry M., MD |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23890399$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Keywords | Speckle tracking echocardiography Biventricular pacing Right ventricular pressure overload |
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Snippet | Abstract Background Biventricular pacing (BiVP) improves cardiac output (CO) in selected cardiac surgery patients, but response remains variable, necessitating... Biventricular pacing (BiVP) improves cardiac output (CO) in selected cardiac surgery patients, but response remains variable, necessitating a better... BACKGROUNDBiventricular pacing (BiVP) improves cardiac output (CO) in selected cardiac surgery patients, but response remains variable, necessitating a better... |
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SubjectTerms | Animals Biventricular pacing Cardiac Output - physiology Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy - methods Disease Models, Animal Echocardiography - methods Heart Block - diagnostic imaging Heart Block - physiopathology Heart Block - therapy Heart Failure - diagnostic imaging Heart Failure - physiopathology Heart Failure - therapy Hypertension, Pulmonary - diagnostic imaging Hypertension, Pulmonary - physiopathology Hypertension, Pulmonary - therapy Male Myocardial Contraction - physiology Right ventricular pressure overload Speckle tracking echocardiography Surgery Swine Torsion, Mechanical Vena Cava, Inferior - physiopathology Ventricular Pressure - physiology |
Title | Effects of biventricular pacing on left heart twist and strain in a porcine model of right heart failure |
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